Kop geçidi doğal bitkilerinin etnobotanik özellikleri (Bayburt/ Turkey)

Abstract

İnsanlar, çevre ve bitkilerle etkileşim içerisindedir. Belli bir coğrafi bölgede yaşayan insanlar, bitkileri gıda, tıbbi, yakıt, sanayi, süs gibi farklı amaçlarla kullanırlar. Amacı halkın kullandığı ve yararlandığı bitkiler ve bu bitkilerle ilgili kullanım bilgilerini tespit etmek olan bu araştırma Bayburt merkez ilçeye bağlı yedi köyde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yürütülen bu çalışmada kaynak kişilerden elde edilen bilgiler ile 36 familyaya ait 91 bitki taksonunun etnobotanik özelliklerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bitki taksonlarından etnobotanik öneme sahip olanlarının familyaları, bilimsel adları, kullanım alanları ve geleneksel kullanım biçimleri belirtilmiştir. Doğal yayılış gösteren ve kullanımı sürdürülen bu bitkilerden; gıda olarak tüketilen 18 takson, gıda ve tıbbi olarak 12 takson, tıbbi olarak 25 takson, aromatik 8 takson, aromatik ve tıbbi olarak 7 takson, meyve olarak 2 takson, meyve ve tıbbi olarak 12 takson kullanıldığı, kullanılan bitkilerin yaprak (35), çiçek (23), meyve (16), tohum (13), gövde (8), kök (8), toprak üstü (5), dal (5), yumru (3), kabuk (1) aksamından yararlanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Diğer amaçlarla kullanılan 23 taksonun (süpürge (2), sepet (1), oyuncak (4), boya (2), dekoratif (6), yakacak (10)) etnobotanik kullanımlarının olduğu kaydedilmiştir. Çalışma alanında yaygın olarak kullanılan yabani bitkilerin; Polygonaceae familyasına ait Rumex alpinus L. ile Rumex crispus L., Rosaceae familyasına ait Rosa foetida J. Herrm., Rosa pimpinellifolia L., Malus sylvestris Miller ve Amaranthaceae familyasına ait Chenopodium album L. ile Atriplex nitens Schkuhr., olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• biyolojik çeşitlilik
• etnobotani
• genetik kaynaklar
• halk sağlığı
• yabani bitkiler

Ethnobotanical properties of natural plant in Kop Pass (Bayburt / Turkey)

Abstract

People have been in interaction with the environment and plants from the existence of humanity to the present day. The people living in a certain geographical area use plants for different purposes like food, medical, fuel, industry, ornamental. This study was carried out to determine some natural plant taxa and the ethnobotanic properties of these plant taxa and ıt was carried out in seven villages of the central district of Bayburt. As result of study, it was determined that 91 plant taxa belonging to 36 families have ethnobotanical characteristics with the information obtained from the source people. The families, scientific names, usage areas and traditional usage forms of these plant taxa that have ethnobotanical importance have been explained. Of these plants that spread naturally and continue to be used; 18 taxa consumed as food, 12 taxa as food and medicinal, 25 taxa as medicinal, 2 taxa as fruit, 12 taxa as fruit and medicinal, 8 taxa used as aromatic (spice) and 7 taxa as aromatic and medicinal. Of plants leaf (35), flower (23), fruit (16), seed (13), stem (8), root (8), above ground (5), branch (4), tuber (2), bark (1) components were used. It has been recorded that 23 taxa used for other purposes (broom (2), basket (1), toy (4), dye (2), decorative (6), firewood (10) have ethnobotanical uses. In the study area; Rumex alpinus L. and Rumex crispus L. of Polygonaceae family, Rosa foetida J. Herrm., Rosa pimpinellifolia L., Malus sylvestris Miller of the Rosaceae family and Chenopodium album L. and Atriplex nitens Schkuhr belonging to the family Amaranthaceae has been determined commonly used wild plants.

Keywords

• biodiversity
• ethnobotany
• genetic resources
• public health
• wild plants

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