Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Anatomic, morphological and organoleptic investigatıons on some spices that assist weight loss

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 206 - 223
https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2025.1527285

Abstract

Abstract
Spices have been used throughout history for different purposes. Studies have shown that black cumin, cinnamon, ginger, cayenne pepper, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, rosemary, cardamom and cumin help in weight loss. As a result of the consumption of these spices, it has been observed that they prevent obesity and obesity by reducing the body mass index.
In this study, anatomical, morphological and organoleptic properties of these 10 different spices purchased from 5 herbalists were examined. Among the organoleptic properties, taste, smell and color were used as determinants. The morphological characteristics of the spices and the impurities in the spices were determined and photographed using a stereo microscope. Sartur and Chloralhydrate reagents were used to examine anatomical features and anatomical studies were photographed with the help of light microscope. Anatomical, morphological and organoleptic characteristics of black cumin, cinnamon, ginger, red pepper, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, rosemary, cardamom and cumin were compared with scientific descriptions. As a result of the study, the anatomical characteristics conform to scientific definitions, but the organoleptic and morphological characteristics of the spices vary and some of them do not conform to the definitions. In addition, a large amount of foreign matter was found in the spices. For this reason, it is thought that the spices were not stored properly and inspections were incomplete in the places where the samples were purchased. Some of the spices examined do not carry the appropriate qualifications due to the foreign substances in their content, which may create results that may endanger public health. As a result, the reliability of spices obtained from unreliable areas with incomplete control mechanisms is a matter of debate and our study sheds light on this.

Keywords: anatomical, spice, morphological, organoleptic, slimming

Ethical Statement

I declare that I comply with the ethical rules and scientific citation principles, whether the entire spectrum of the study complies with research and publication ethics.

References

  • [1] Djiazet, S., Kenfack, L. B. M., Ngangoum, E. S., Ghomdim, H. N., & Tchiégang, C. (2022). Indigenous spices consumed in the food habits of the populations living in some countries of Sub-Saharan Africa: Utilisation value, nutritional and health potentials for the development of functional foods and drugs: A review. Food Research International, 111280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111280
  • [2] Kaefer, C. M., & Milner, J. A. (2008). The role of herbs and spices in cancer prevention. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 19(6), 347-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.11.003
  • [3] D, Stiller. (2011). Wirkungen und Nebenwirkungen von Gewürzen (pp 412-426) Dustri-Verlag.
  • [4] Opara, E. I., & Chohan, M. (2014). Culinary herbs and spices: their bioactive properties, the contribution of polyphenols and the challenges in deducing their true health benefits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 15(10), 19183-202. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151019183
  • [5] Sarkar, P., & Thirumurugan, K. (2019). Modulatory functions of bioactive fruits, vegetables and spices in adipogenesis and angiogenesis, Journal of Functional Foods, 53, 318-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.036
  • [6] Deekshith, C., Jois, M., Radcliffe, J., & Thomas, J. (2021) Effects of culinary herbs and spices on obesity: A systematic literature review of clinical trials. Journal of Functional Foods, 81, 104449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2021.104449
  • [7] İdiz, C., & Selçukbiricik, Ö. S. (2016). Çörek otunun lipit profili ve glikoz regülasyonu üzerine etkisi. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 44(1), 55-61.
  • [8] Aslan, M., & Orhan, N. (2010). Obezite tedavisine yardımcı olarak kullanılan doğal ürünler. Diyabet ve Obezite91.
  • [9] Lailiyah, N. N. A., Ibrahim, M. D., Fitriani, C. A., & Hermanto, F. E. (2021). Anti-obesity properties of black pepper (piper nigrum): completing puzzle using computational analysis. Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology, 2(3), 101-106.: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2021.002.03.101
  • [10] Sedighi, R., Zhao, Y., Yerke, A., & Sang, S. (2015). Preventive and protective properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) in obesity and diabetes mellitus of metabolic disorders: A brief review. Current Opinion in Food Science, 2, 58-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2015.02.002
  • [11] Fatemeh, Y., Siassi, F., Rahimi, A., Koohdani, F., Doostan, F., Qorbani, M., & Sotoudeh, G. (2017). The effect of cardamom supplementation on serum lipids, glycemic indices and blood pressure in overweight and obese pre-diabetic women: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 16, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40200-017-0320-8
  • [12] Zare, R., Heshmati, F., Fallahzadeh, H., & Nadjarzadeh, A. (2014). Effect of cumin powder on body composition and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 20(4), 297-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2014.10.001
  • [13] Sargin, S. A. (2021). Plants used against obesity in Turkish folk medicine: A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 270, 113841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.113841
  • [14] Shah, S. S., Shah, G. B., Singh, S. D., Gohil, P. V., Chauhan, K., Shah, K. A., & Chorawala, M. (2011). Effect of piperine in the regulation of obesity-induced dyslipidemia in high-fat diet rats. Indian journal of pharmacology, 43(3), 296. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.81516 [15] Daneshi-Maskooni, M., Keshavarz, S. A., Qorbani, M., Mansouri, S., Alavian, S. M., Badri-Fariman, M., ... & Sotoudeh, G. (2018). Green cardamom increases Sirtuin-1 and reduces inflammation in overweight or obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutrition & metabolism, 15(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-018-0297-4
  • [16] Yazgan, A. N., Yilmaz, G., & Sever Yilmaz, B. (2010). Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth. bitkisi üzerinde anatomik çalışmalar. Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(4) 265-274.
  • [17] Gökşen, N., & Baldemir, A. (2016). Helianthemum canum L. Baumg Cistaceae türünün anatomik ve morfolojik özellikleri. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 9(3), 168-177.
  • [18] İşcan, G., Sarialtin, E. B., Soyseven, M., & Göksel, A. (2022). Türkiye’de tüketime sunulan tarçin türlerinin anatomik incelenmesi ve kumarin miktarlarinin belirlenmesi. Gıda, 47(2), 310-327. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD22014
  • [19] İşcan, G., Köse, Y. B., & Demirci, F. (2019). Bitkisel Drogların Makroskobik ve Mikroskobik Özellikleri. Antalya Eczacı Odası Akademisi Yayınları.
  • [20] Jackson, B. P., & Snowdon, D. W. (1990). Atlas of microscopy of medicinal plants, culinary herbs and spices. Belhaven Press.
  • [21] Emerce, E. (2018). Türk Farmakopesi 2017.
  • [22] World Health Organization. (1999). WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants (Vol. 1). World Health Organization.
  • [23] Mattes, R. D. (2012). Spices and energy balance. Physiology & behavior, 107(4), 584-590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.10.028
  • [24] Akbaş, S., & Bozlar, M. A. (2022). İstanbul'daki aktarlarda çok satılan bitki ve bitkisel ürünlerin incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 10(2), 603-615. https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1019940
  • [25] Kökçü, B., Esen, O., & Uysal, İ. (2015). Çanakkale kent merkezindeki aktarlarda satılan tıbbi bitkiler. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 8(3), 80-91.

Kilo vermeye yardımcı bazı baharatlar üzerinde anatomik, morfolojik ve organoleptik incelemeler

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 206 - 223
https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2025.1527285

Abstract

Özet
Baharatlar değişik amaçlarla tarih boyunca kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda çörek otu, tarçın, zencefil, kırmızı biber, kara biber, kişniş, zerdeçal, biberiye, kakule ve kimyonun kilo vermeye yardımcı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu baharatların tüketimi sonucunda vücut kütle indeksini azaltarak obezite ve şişmanlığı engellediği gözlenmiştir.
Yapılan bu çalışmada 5 farklı yerden satın alınan bu 10 baharatın anatomik, morfolojik ve organoleptik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Organoleptik özellikler arasında tat, koku ve renk belirleyici olarak kullanılmıştır. Baharatların morfolojik özellikleri ve içeriğindeki yabancı maddeler stereo mikroskop yardımıyla tespit edilmiş ve fotoğraflanmıştır. Anatomik özelliklerini incelemek için Sartur ve Kloralhidrat reaktifleri kullanılmış, ışık mikroskobu yardımıyla anatomik çalışmalar fotoğraflanmıştır. Çörek otu, tarçın, zencefil, kırmızı biber, kara biber, kişniş, zerdeçal, biberiye, kakule ve kimyonun anatomik, morfolojik ve organoleptik özellikleri bilimsel tanımlamalarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, anatomik özellikler bilimsel tanımlamalara uygundur ancak baharatların organoleptik ve morfolojik özellikleri farklılık göstermekte ve bazıları tanımlamalara uymamaktadır. Ayrıca baharatların içeriğinde fazla miktarda yabancı maddeye rastlanılmıştır. Bu sebeple örneklerin satın alındığı yerlerde, baharatların uygun şekilde muhafaza edilmediği ve denetimlerin eksik yapıldığı düşünülmektedir. İncelenen baharatların bir kısmı içeriğindeki yabancı maddelerden dolayı uygun nitelikleri taşımamakta, bu durum da halk sağlığını tehlikeye atabilecek sonuçlar yaratabilmektedir. Sonuç olarak denetim mekanizmaları eksik olarak ve güvenilir olmayan alanlardan temin edilen baharatların güvenilirliği tartışma konusudur ve çalışmamız buna ışık tutmaktadır.

Anahtar kelimeler: anatomik, baharat, morfolojik, organoleptik, zayıflama

Ethical Statement

Çalışmanın tüm süreçlerinin araştırma ve yayın etiğine uygun olduğunu, etik kurallara ve bilimsel atıf gösterme ilkelerine uyduğumu beyan ederim.

References

  • [1] Djiazet, S., Kenfack, L. B. M., Ngangoum, E. S., Ghomdim, H. N., & Tchiégang, C. (2022). Indigenous spices consumed in the food habits of the populations living in some countries of Sub-Saharan Africa: Utilisation value, nutritional and health potentials for the development of functional foods and drugs: A review. Food Research International, 111280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111280
  • [2] Kaefer, C. M., & Milner, J. A. (2008). The role of herbs and spices in cancer prevention. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 19(6), 347-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.11.003
  • [3] D, Stiller. (2011). Wirkungen und Nebenwirkungen von Gewürzen (pp 412-426) Dustri-Verlag.
  • [4] Opara, E. I., & Chohan, M. (2014). Culinary herbs and spices: their bioactive properties, the contribution of polyphenols and the challenges in deducing their true health benefits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 15(10), 19183-202. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151019183
  • [5] Sarkar, P., & Thirumurugan, K. (2019). Modulatory functions of bioactive fruits, vegetables and spices in adipogenesis and angiogenesis, Journal of Functional Foods, 53, 318-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.036
  • [6] Deekshith, C., Jois, M., Radcliffe, J., & Thomas, J. (2021) Effects of culinary herbs and spices on obesity: A systematic literature review of clinical trials. Journal of Functional Foods, 81, 104449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2021.104449
  • [7] İdiz, C., & Selçukbiricik, Ö. S. (2016). Çörek otunun lipit profili ve glikoz regülasyonu üzerine etkisi. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 44(1), 55-61.
  • [8] Aslan, M., & Orhan, N. (2010). Obezite tedavisine yardımcı olarak kullanılan doğal ürünler. Diyabet ve Obezite91.
  • [9] Lailiyah, N. N. A., Ibrahim, M. D., Fitriani, C. A., & Hermanto, F. E. (2021). Anti-obesity properties of black pepper (piper nigrum): completing puzzle using computational analysis. Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology, 2(3), 101-106.: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2021.002.03.101
  • [10] Sedighi, R., Zhao, Y., Yerke, A., & Sang, S. (2015). Preventive and protective properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) in obesity and diabetes mellitus of metabolic disorders: A brief review. Current Opinion in Food Science, 2, 58-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2015.02.002
  • [11] Fatemeh, Y., Siassi, F., Rahimi, A., Koohdani, F., Doostan, F., Qorbani, M., & Sotoudeh, G. (2017). The effect of cardamom supplementation on serum lipids, glycemic indices and blood pressure in overweight and obese pre-diabetic women: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 16, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40200-017-0320-8
  • [12] Zare, R., Heshmati, F., Fallahzadeh, H., & Nadjarzadeh, A. (2014). Effect of cumin powder on body composition and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 20(4), 297-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2014.10.001
  • [13] Sargin, S. A. (2021). Plants used against obesity in Turkish folk medicine: A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 270, 113841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.113841
  • [14] Shah, S. S., Shah, G. B., Singh, S. D., Gohil, P. V., Chauhan, K., Shah, K. A., & Chorawala, M. (2011). Effect of piperine in the regulation of obesity-induced dyslipidemia in high-fat diet rats. Indian journal of pharmacology, 43(3), 296. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.81516 [15] Daneshi-Maskooni, M., Keshavarz, S. A., Qorbani, M., Mansouri, S., Alavian, S. M., Badri-Fariman, M., ... & Sotoudeh, G. (2018). Green cardamom increases Sirtuin-1 and reduces inflammation in overweight or obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutrition & metabolism, 15(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-018-0297-4
  • [16] Yazgan, A. N., Yilmaz, G., & Sever Yilmaz, B. (2010). Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth. bitkisi üzerinde anatomik çalışmalar. Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(4) 265-274.
  • [17] Gökşen, N., & Baldemir, A. (2016). Helianthemum canum L. Baumg Cistaceae türünün anatomik ve morfolojik özellikleri. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 9(3), 168-177.
  • [18] İşcan, G., Sarialtin, E. B., Soyseven, M., & Göksel, A. (2022). Türkiye’de tüketime sunulan tarçin türlerinin anatomik incelenmesi ve kumarin miktarlarinin belirlenmesi. Gıda, 47(2), 310-327. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD22014
  • [19] İşcan, G., Köse, Y. B., & Demirci, F. (2019). Bitkisel Drogların Makroskobik ve Mikroskobik Özellikleri. Antalya Eczacı Odası Akademisi Yayınları.
  • [20] Jackson, B. P., & Snowdon, D. W. (1990). Atlas of microscopy of medicinal plants, culinary herbs and spices. Belhaven Press.
  • [21] Emerce, E. (2018). Türk Farmakopesi 2017.
  • [22] World Health Organization. (1999). WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants (Vol. 1). World Health Organization.
  • [23] Mattes, R. D. (2012). Spices and energy balance. Physiology & behavior, 107(4), 584-590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.10.028
  • [24] Akbaş, S., & Bozlar, M. A. (2022). İstanbul'daki aktarlarda çok satılan bitki ve bitkisel ürünlerin incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 10(2), 603-615. https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1019940
  • [25] Kökçü, B., Esen, O., & Uysal, İ. (2015). Çanakkale kent merkezindeki aktarlarda satılan tıbbi bitkiler. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 8(3), 80-91.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pharmaceutical Botany
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Melisa Usul 0000-0002-4520-4125

Çağla Kızılarslan Hançer 0000-0001-5979-2629

Early Pub Date May 21, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date August 2, 2024
Acceptance Date January 6, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Usul, M., & Kızılarslan Hançer, Ç. (2025). Anatomic, morphological and organoleptic investigatıons on some spices that assist weight loss. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 18(2), 206-223. https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2025.1527285

❖  Abstracted-Indexed in
Web of Science {Additional Web of Science Indexes: Zoological Records Indexed] Clavariate Analytic, Medical Reads (RRS), CrossRef;10.46309/biodicon.

❖ Libraries
Aberystwyth University; All libraries; Bath University; Birmingham University; Cardiff University; City University London; CONSER (Not UK Holdings); Edinburgh University; Essex University; Exeter University; Eskişehir Technical University Library; EZB Electronic Journals Library; Feng Chia University Library; GAZİ Gazi University Library; Glasgow University; HEC-National Digital Library; Hull University; Imperial College London; Kaohsinug Medical University Library; ANKOS; Anadolu University Library; Lancaster University; Libros PDF; Liverpool University; London Metropolitan University; London School of Economics and Political Science; Manchester University; National Cheng Kung University Library; National ILAN University Library; Nottingham University; Open University; Oxford University; Queen Mary,University of London;Robert Gordon University; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield University; Shih Hsin University Library; Smithsonian Institution Libraries; Southampton University; Stirling University; Strathclyde University; Sussex University; The National Agricultural Library (NAL); The Ohio Library and Information NetWork; Trinity College Dublin; University of Washington Libraries; Vaughan Memorial Library; York University..

❖ The article processing is free.

❖ Web of Science {Additional Web of Science Indexes: Zoological Records Indexed] Clavariate Analytic
❖ This journal is a CrossRef;10.46309/biodicon. member

❖ Please visit ” http:// www.biodicon.com“ ; "https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/biodicon"   for instructions about articles and all of the details about journal


❖  Correspondance Adres: Prof. Ersin YÜCEL, Sazova Mahallesi, Ziraat Caddesi, No.277 F Blok, 26005 Tepebaşı-Eskişehir/Türkiye
E-posta / E-mail: biodicon@gmail.com;
Web Address: http://www.biodicon.com;   https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/biodicon
❖ Biological Diversity and Conservation/ Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma
❖ ISSN 1308-5301 Print; ISSN 1308-8084 Online
❖ Start Date Published 2008
© Copyright by Biological Diversity and Conservation/Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma-Available online at www.biodicon.com/All rights reserved
Publisher : ERSİN YÜCEL (https://www.ersinyucel.com.tr/)
❖ This journal is published three numbers in a year. Printed in Eskişehir/Türkiye.
❖ All sorts of responsibilities of the articles published in this journal are belonging to the authors
Editör / Editor-In-Chief : Prof.Dr. Ersin YÜCEL, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-7578