Insecticidal effects of some plant extracts against Khapra beetle [Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)]

Abstract

The study aims to determine the toxicity of extracts in three different solvents (methanol, hot water, and cold water) obtained from 10 different plants [Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae), Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae), Anethum graveolens L. (Apiaceae), Origanum onites L. (Lamiaceae), Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (Lamiaceae), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Apiaceae), Hypericum perforatum L. (Clusiaceae), Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae), and Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanaceae)] against the larvae of the third instar of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) collected from different provinces of Türkiye. The results of the study varied depending on the plant species and the solvent used. Based on the observations, methanol was found to be the most effective solvent, followed by hot water and then cold water. On the 14th day of application, the highest mortality rate of 100% was observed when methanol was used as a solvent at a concentration of 20% (w/v) of the plant extracts. In contrast, this rate was 44% when cold water was used and 56% when hot water was used. According to the research results, extracts of A. graveolens, N. tabacum, and N. sativa showed a highly toxic effect on the pest, suggesting that these extracts are promising for the control of storage pests. However, more extensive studies are still needed to confirm the applicability and feasibility of these applications on an industrial scale.

Keywords

• stored product pest
• plant extract
• hot water
• cold water
• methanol

Bazı bitkisel ekstraktların Khapra böceği [Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)]’ne karşı insektisidal etkileri

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye'nin değişik illerinden toplanan 10 farklı bitkinin [Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae), Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae), Anethum graveolens L. (Apiaceae), Origanum onites L. (Lamiaceae), Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (Lamiaceae), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Apiaceae), Hypericum perforatum L. (Clusiaceae), Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) ve Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanaceae)] 3'er farklı çözücüde (metanol, sıcak su ve soğuk su) oluşturulan ekstraktlarının Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)'un 3. dönem larvalarına karşı toksisitesini belirlemektir. Çalışma sonuçları; bitki türüne ve kullanılan çözücüye göre değişiklik göstermiştir. Yapılan gözlemler sonucunda genellikle en etkili çözücü, metanol olarak belirlenmiş ve bunu sırasıyla sıcak su ve soğuk su çözücüleri takip etmiştir. Uygulamanın 14. gününde bitki ekstraktlarının %20 (w/v) konsantrasyonunda çözücü olarak metanol kullanıldığında en yüksek ölüm oranı %100 olarak belirlenirken; bu oran soğuk su kullanıldığında %44 ve sıcak su kullanıldığında ise %56 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca; araştırma sonuçlarına göre, A. graveolens, N. tabacum ve N. sativa bitkilerine ait ekstraktların zararlı üzerinde yüksek toksik etki gösterdikleri belirlenerek bu ekstraktların depolanmış ürün zararlıların mücadelesinde oldukça umut verici olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ancak, bu uygulamaların pratikte kullanılabilirliğini kesinleştirmek ve endüstriyel ölçekte uygulanabilirliğini belirlemek için daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

• depolanmış ürün zararlısı
• bitki ekstraktı
• sıcak su
• soğuk su
• metanol

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