Kök-Ur Nematodu Meloidogyne luci’nin Farklı Populasyon Yoğunluklarının Domates Gelişimine ve Nematod Üremesine Etkileri

Year 2018, , 111 - 121, 27.06.2018

Gökhan Aydınlı , Cüneyt Civelek

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.415169

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Kök-ur nematodu Meloidogyne luci’nin dört farklı başlangıç popülasyon (Pi)
yoğunluğunun (10¹,
10², 10³ ve 10⁴ yumurta/bitki) hassas domates bitkisinin gelişimine ve
nematod üremesine etkisini belirlemek için saksı denemesi yürütülmüştür. Bitki
gelişimine ait kriterlerden, gövde boyu ve gövde çapına ait başlangıç değerleri
nematod inokulasyonundan hemen önce kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca, yapraklardaki
klorofil içeriklerindeki değişimin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla nematod
inokulasyonundan deneme sonuna kadar haftalık olarak ölçümler yapılmıştır.
Nematod inokulasyonundan 60 gün sonra deneme sonlandırılarak gövde boyu, gövde
ağırlığı, gövde çapı ve kök ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir. Köklerdeki urlanma
oranı 0-10 skalasına göre değerlendirilmiş ve nematodun final popülasyon (Pf)
yoğunlukları ile üreme faktörü (Rf) tespit edilmiştir. Pi yoğunluğundaki artış,
kök ağırlığı dışındaki bitki gelişim kriterlerinde azalışa neden olmuştur.
Gövde çapı artış oranı Pi seviyesi 10¹, gövde boyu artış oranı ile
gövde ağırlığı ise Pi yoğunluğu 10³ olduğunda kontrolden (Pi=0) önemli
seviyede azalmıştır (P˂0,05). Nematod ile bulaşık bitkilerde, kontrole göre
başlangıçtan itibaren daha düşük bir klorofil içeriği tespit edilmiş olsa bile,
bu değişim istatistiksel olarak önemsizdir. Pi artıkça, ur skalası değerinde
istatiksel olarak önemli artışlar tespit edilmiştir (P<0,05). Benzer
şekilde, Pi yoğunluğundaki artış ile Pf değerinde de artışlar meydana gelmiş,
fakat Pi yoğunluğu 10³ ve 10⁴olan
uygulamalarda gram kökte elde edilen yumurta sayıları istatiksel olarak
birbirinden farksız bulunmuştur. En yüksek Rf değerleri düşük Pi
yoğunluklarında tespit edilmiş olup, istatistiksel olarak önemli azalış Pi
seviyesi 10³’ün üzerine çıktığında gerçekleşmiştir. Nematod ile
bitki gelişimi arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılan regresyon
analizlerinde, gövde boyu ve gövde çapı artış miktarının kontrole göre yüzde
azalışı ile Pi seviyesi arasında pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Benzer bir
pozitif ilişki, ur skalası ile gövde boyu ve ağırlığının azalış oranları
arasında da belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bitki gelişim parametreleri, urlanma
oranı ve nematodun üremesi birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, Pi seviyesi 10³ olduğunda,
domates gelişimde önemli gerileme olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

Kök-ur nematodu, Meloidogyne luci, domates, inokulum seviyeleri

Effects of Different Population Densities of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne luci on Growth of Tomato and Nematode Reproduction

Abstract

The
pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of four initial
population (Pi) densities (10¹,
10², 10³ and10⁴ eggs/plant) of
root-knot nematode Meloidogyne luci
on plant growth of susceptible tomato and nematode reproduction. Initial values
of shoot length and stem diameter as a plant growth criteria were determined
prior to nematode inoculation. Additionally, chlorophyll contents of leaf were weekly
recorded from nematode inoculation to end of the experiment to assess their
differences. The experiment was terminated sixty days after nematode
inoculation to determine shoot length, shoot weight, stem diameter, and root
weight. Galls of root were evaluated according to 0-10 scale, and nematode
final population (Pf) and reproduction factor (Rf) were determined. The increase
in Pi densities caused reduction of plant growth parameters except for root
weight. Significant reductions were found stem diameter at 10¹ of Pi and
shoot length and weight at 10³ of Pi in comparison to control (Pi=0)
(P˂0.05).  a lower chlorophyll content
was determined during the experiment period in nematode-inoculated plants
compared to non-inoculated plants, but not significantly. Significant increases
in the value of gall scale were found with an increase in Pi (P˂0.05). Similarly,
Pf increased with an increase in Pi but egg numbers of gram root had no
significant differences between 10³ and 10⁴ at Pi. Maximum
Rf values were recorded at low Pi values but statistically significant reduction was determined at higher Pi level than 10³. Regression
analyses were performed to detect the relationship between nematode and plant
growth resulting in a positive correlation between Pi levels and the percentage
decrease in shoot length and stem diameters in relation to the actual growth in
control. Similar
positive relations were also determined between values of gall scale and
percentage reduction shoot length and weight over control. In conclusion,
considerable reductions in the growth of tomato were at 10³ of Pi when
plant growth parameters, galling rates, and nematode reproduction were
evaluated together.

Keywords

Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne luci, tomato, inoculum levels

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