The prey-stage preferences of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae), between egg and nymph stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae)

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), two-spotted spider mite, is a pest mite species that feed on a wide range of plants around the world. Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) is shown as a predatory mite to be a very efficient biological control agent of T. urticae. Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) is another phytoseiid mite species which can feed and reproduce on a wide range of food sources, including T. urticae. Information about the prey stage preference of a predator is valuable for evaluations of the potential of predatory mites to control of pests. We therefore analyzed the prey-stage preferences of A. swirskii and N. californicus to eggs and nymphs of T. urticae at 15:15, 10:20, and 20:10 egg: nymph ratios under controlled conditions (25±1 °C, 65±5% RH and 16-h light: 8-h dark photoperiod). The experiment was carried out on abaxial surfaces of bean leaf discs with a diameter of 2 cm. Starved (for 24 h), 2-3 days-old gravid females of A. swirskii and N. californicus were used in the experiment. One predatory mite was placed individually on each bean leaf disc infested with 15:15, 10:20 and 20:10 ratios of T. urticae egg: nymph. After 24 h of feeding, the numbers of prey consumed for each prey stage were recorded. From the results, it is clear that while N. californicus showed no preference between egg and nymphs of T. urticae. A. swirskii preferred nymphs to eggs of T. urticae.

Keywords

• biological control,predatory mites,twos-potted spider mite,egg,nymph,prey stage,preference

Amblyseius swirskii Henriot ve Neoseiulus californicus’un (McGregor) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) Tetranychus urticae’nin Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) yumurta ve nimf dönemleri arasındaki tercihi

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek, tüm dünyada yaygın olarak görülen ve farklı bitki türleri üzerinde beslenebilen zararlı bir akar türüdür. Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae), T. urticae’nin etkili bir biyolojik mücadele etmeni olarak bilinmektedir. Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) ise, T. urticae’nin de içinde bulunduğu farklı besin kaynakları üzerinde beslenebilen ve üreyebilen, diğer bir phytoseiid akar türüdür. Predatörlerin, av-dönem tercihlerine yönelik bilgiler, onların etkinliklerinin değerlendirilebilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu nedenle A. swirskii ve N. californicus’un T. urticae’nin yumurta ve nimf dönemleri arasındaki tercihi 15:15, 10:20, 20:10 yumurta: nimf oranlarında, kontrollü koşullar (25±1 °C, %65±5 RH ve 16 saat aydınlık: 8 saat karanlık aydınlanma) altında araştırılmıştır. Deneme 2 cm çapındaki yaprak disklerinin alt yüzeylerinde yürütülmüştür. Denemede aç (24 saat), 2-3 günlük A. swirskii ve N. californicus dişi bireyleri kullanılmıştır. T. urticae ile 15:15, 10:20 ve 20:10 yumurta: nimf oranlarında bulaşık olan yaprak disklerine birer tane predatör akar salınmıştır. 24 saatlik beslenme periyodundan sonra, avın tüketilen dönemleri sayılarak kaydedilmiştir. Sonuçlar N. californicus’un T. urticae’nin yumurta nimf dönemleri arasında herhangi bir tercih göstermediğini, ancak A. swirskii’nin nimf dönemini yumurtaya tercih ettiğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

• biyolojik mücadele,predatör akar,iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek,yumurta,nimf,av dönemi,tercih

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