Bir Yüksek Hızlı Trenin Aktif Süspansiyonu için Modelleme ve LQR Geribildirim Kontrolü

Öz

Yüksek hızlı demiryolu araçlarında sürüş konforu ve yolculuğun kalitesi önemlidir. Tren hareket halindeyken rayların neden olduğu çeşitli titreşimlerle karşılaşır. Bu titreşimlerin uzun süreli yaşanması yolcularda sağlık sorunlarına yol açabilir. Ayrıca trenin titreşimler nedeniyle dayanıklılığı azalır, performansı düşer ve bakım maliyetleri artar. Trenin iyi kullanılabilmesi için rijit bir süspansiyon sistemine ihtiyaç vardır. Geleneksel bir süspansiyon olan pasif süspansiyon, trenin sürüş kalitesi ile yolcu konforu arasında bir denge kurar. Ancak pasif süspansiyon sabit bir süspansiyon sistemidir ve süspansiyon sertliğini değişen koşullara göre ayarlayamaz. Aktif süspansiyon ise süspansiyon sertliğini değişen koşullara göre ayarlayabilir. Bu araştırmada tren gövdesini kontrol etmek için Doğrusal Karesel Düzenleyici tarafından kontrol edilen aktif bir süspansiyon tasarlanmıştır. Böylece titreşimler en aza indirilmiş ve yolcu konforu arttırılmıştır. Pasif ve aktif süspansiyonları karşılaştırmak için çeşitli simülasyonlar yapılmış ve aktif süspansiyonun üstünlüğü kanıtlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aktif Süspansiyon Sistemi
• Pasif Süspansiyon Sistemi
• LQR Kontrol
• Geribeslemeli Kontrol
• Demiryolu Aracı

Modeling and LQR Feedback Control for an Active Suspension of a High-Speed Train

Öz

In high-speed railway vehicles, ride comfort and ride quality are important. While the train is moving, it encounters different vibrations caused by the rails. Long-term experience of these vibrations can lead to health problems in passengers. In addition, the durability of the train decreases due to vibrations, its performance decreases and maintenance costs increase. A rigid suspension system is required for the train to be used well. Passive suspension, which is a traditional suspension, establishes a balance between the ride quality of the train and passenger comfort. However, passive suspension is a fixed suspension system and cannot adjust the suspension stiffness according to changing conditions. Active suspension, on the other hand, can adjust the suspension stiffness according to changing conditions. In this research, an active suspension controlled by a Linear Quadratic Regulator is designed to control the train body. Thus, vibrations are minimized and passenger comfort is increased. Various simulations were made to compare the passive and active suspensions and superiority of active suspension was proven.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Active Suspension System
• Passive Suspension System
• LQR Control
• Feedback Control
• Railway Vehicle

Kaynakça

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