Çocukluk Çağı Kaygı Bozuklukları ve Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Müdahaleleri

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 636 - 647, 07.08.2025

Hacer Alemdar , Aysel Karaca

https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1521035

Abstract

Kaygı bozukluğu, okul öncesi çağdaki çocuklar da dahil olmak üzere çocukluk çağında en sık görülen ruhsal bozukluklar arasında ilk sırada olup tahmini yaygınlık oranı %10 ila 20 aralığındadır. Çocukluk çağı kaygı bozuklukları akademik performans, aile ve akran ilişkileri ve sosyal işlevselliklerde bozulma gibi pek çok alanda olumsuz etkilemekte ve yaşam kalitesini azaltmaktadır. Bilişsel davranışçı terapi, çocukluk çağı kaygı bozuklukları için etkili bir tedavi yöntemidir ancak kaygı bozukluğu olan çocukların yalnızca küçük bir kısmı bu kanıta dayalı tedaviye erişebilmektedir. BDT’nin bireysel olarak veya gruplar halinde ve değişen düzeylerde ebeveyn veya aile katılımıyla uygulanabilen işbirlikçi bir psikolojik tedavi olduğu düşünüldüğünde, çocukluk çağı kaygı bozukluklarının yönetiminde, çocukların mevcut durumları ve potansiyelleri de göz önünde bulundurularak BDT’nin çeşitli formatlarda uygulama yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada literatür doğrultusunda çocukluk çağı kaygı bozukluğu tedavisinde etkili olduğu kanıtlanmış olan bilişsel davranışçı müdahaleler ve kaygı üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Çocuk , Kaygı , Bilişsel davranışçı terapi

Childhood Anxiety Disorders and Cognitive ve Behavioral Therapy Interventions

Abstract

Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental disorders in childhood, including preschool children, with an estimated prevalence rate of 10 to 20%. Anxiety disorders reduce the child's quality of life by causing negative effects in many areas such as academic performance, family and peer relationships, and impairment in social functioning. The most commonly used treatment approach for childhood anxiety disorders is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, but only a small proportion of children with anxiety disorders have access to this evidence-based treatment. Considering that CBT is a collaborative psychological treatment that can be applied individually or in groups and with varying levels of parent or family involvement, application methods of CBT in various formats have been developed in the management of childhood anxiety disorders, taking into account children's current situations and potentials. In this study, cognitive behavioral interventions that have been proven to be effective in the treatment of childhood anxiety disorder and their effects on anxiety were examined in line with the literature.

Keywords

Child , Anxiety , Cognitive behavioral interventions

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