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AirBnB’nin Mahalle Dinamiklerine Sosyo-Ekonomik Etkisi: Beşiktaş, İstanbul

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 17, 71 - 81, 30.06.2020

Abstract

İnternet teknolojilerinin gelişmesiyle birlikte P2P paylaşım ekonomisi modelleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, P2P paylaşımlı ekonomi konut platformlarından biri olan Airbnb'nin sosyo-ekonomik etkilerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Airbnb kavramı ilk olarak literatür taraması ile incelenmiştir. Airbnb'nin İstanbul'daki hacmi Airbnb web sitesine erişilerek analiz edilmiş ve vaka çalışması için Airbnb'nin en yoğun kullanılan bölgelerinden biri olan Beşiktaş seçilmiştir. Vaka çalışması için üç grup aktör tanımlanmıştır: (i) mülk sahipleri, (ii) misafirler ve (iii) komşular. Bu aktörlerden oluşan bir örneklem (n= 40) ile yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Vaka çalışmasından elde edilen sonuçlara göre, mülk sahipleri ekonomik fayda sağlamakta ve genel olarak farklı kültürden misafirleriyle iyi vakit geçirmektedir. Misafirler, kendilerini daha yerel hissettikleri, ekonomik ve biricik bir konaklama deneyimi yaşamaktadır. Komşuların bazıları Airbnb'nin çevrede tanımadıkları insanlar kısa süreli konakladığı için güvenlik tehdidi oluşturduğunu düşünmektedir. Bazıları ise mahalleye Airbnb ile gelen canlılıktan memnundur. Aktörler arası ilişkiler bağlamında gelişen; ekonomik fayda, kültürler arası paylaşım, sosyalleşme, gürültü, hırsızlık, ırkçılık, güven, hijyen, güvenlik tehdidi gibi kodlar Airbnb’nin mahalle dinamiklerine etkisi bağlamında bu çalışma ile üretilmiştir.   

References

  • Belarmino, A., Whalen, E., Koh, Y., & Bowen, J. T. (2017). Comparing guests’ key attributes of peer-to-peer accommodation and hotels: Mixed-methods approach. Current Issues in Tourism. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/13683500. 2017.1293623
  • Benjaafar, S., Kong, G., Li, X., & Courcoubetis, C. (2018). Peer-to-peer product sharing: Implications for ownership, usage, and social welfare in the sharing economy. Management Science, 65(2), 477-493.
  • Bialski, P. (2012) Becoming Intimately Mobile. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Botsman, R., & Rogers, R. (2010) What’s Mine is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business.
  • Cócola Gant, A. (2015). Tourism and commercial gentrification. In: RC21 international conference, Urbino, Italy.
  • Cócola Gant, A. (2016). Holiday rentals: The new gentrification battlefront. Sociological Research Online, 21(3), 1–9.
  • Edelman, B. G., & Geradin, D. (2016). Efficiencies and regulatory shortcuts: How should we regulate companies like Airbnb and Uber? Stanford Technology Law Review, 19(2), 293–328.
  • Espinosa, T. P. (2016). The cost of sharing and the common law: How to address the negative externalities of home-sharing. Chapman Law Review, 19(1), 597–627.
  • Finck, M., & Ranchordás, S. (2016). Sharing and the City. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 49(5).
  • Füller, H., & Michel, B. (2014). ‘Stop being a tourist!’ New dynamics of urban tourism in Berlin- Kreuzberg. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38(4), 1304–1318.
  • Gallagher, L. (2017). The Airbnb story: How three ordinary guys disrupted an industry, made billions ... and created plenty of controversy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Germann Molz, J. (2011). CouchSurfing and network hospitality: ‘It’s not just about the furniture. Hospitality & Society, 1 (3), 215–225.
  • Geron, T. (2013). Airbnb and the unstoppable rise of the share economy. Forbes, 23 January. (Accessed on 10.10.2018), http://www.forbes.com/sites/tomiogeron/2013/01/23/airbnb-and-the- unstoppable-rise-of-the-share-economy/
  • Gottlieb, C. (2013). Residential short-term rentals: Should local governments regulate the ‘industry’? Planning & Environmental Law, 65(2), 4–9.
  • Gravari-Barbas, M., & Guinand, S. (eds.). (2017). Tourism and gentrification in contemporary metropolises: International perspectives. London: Routledge.
  • Gurran, N., & Phibbs, P. (2017). When tourists move in: How should urban planners respond to Airbnb? Journal of the American Planning Association, 83(1), 80–92.
  • Gutiérrez, J., Garcia-Palomares, J. C., Romanillos, G., & Salas-Olmedo, M. H. (2017). The eruption of Airbnb in tourist cities: Comparing spatial patterns of hotels and peer-to-peer accommodation in Barcelona. Tourism Management, 62, 278–291.
  • Guttentag, D. (2015). Airbnb: Disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(12), 1192–1217.
  • Ioannides, D., Röslmaier, M., & Van der Zee, E. (2018). Airbnb as an instigator of ‘tourism bubble’ expansion in Utrecht’s Lombok neighbourhood. Tourism Geographies, doi: 10.1080/14616688.2018.1454505
  • Jefferson-Jones, J. (2015). Airbnb and the Housing Segment of the Modern Sharing Economy: Are Short-Term Rental Restrictions an Unconstitutional Taking. Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly, 42(3), 557.
  • Killick, R. (2015). Sharing economy’companies like Uber and Airbnb aren’t really ‘sharing’anything. International Business Times.
  • Lines, G. E. (2015). Hej, not hej då: Regulating Airbnb in the new age of Arizona vacation rentals. Arizona Law Review, 57(4), 1163–1182.
  • Maitland, R. (2010). Everyday life as a creative experience in cities. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(3), 176–185.
  • Miller, S. R. (2014). Transferable sharing rights: A theoretical model for regulating Airbnb and the short-term rental market. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2514178
  • Mudallal, Z. (2015). Airbnb will soon be booking more rooms than the world’s largest hotel chains. Quartz. Retrieved from https://qz.com/329735/airbnb-will-soon-be-booking-more-rooms-than-the-worlds-largest-hotel-chains/
  • Oskam, J., & Boswijk, A. (2016). Airbnb: The future of networked hospitality businesses. Journal of Tourism Futures, 2(1), 22–42.
  • Riley, T. (2012). ‘Collaborative consumption’: The new economy. New Statesman.
  • Russo, A.P. and Quaglieri Domínguez, A. (2014). The spatial logic of home exchanges: Towards a new geography of the quotidian in contemporary tourism. Scripta Nova XVIII (483).
  • Schor, J. (2014). Debating the sharing economy. Great transition initiative. (Accessed on 12.09.2016), http:// www.greattransition.org/publication/debating-thesharing-economy
  • Sheppard, S., & Udell, A. (2016). Do Airbnb properties affect house prices?. Working paper Williams College Department of Economics. Retrieved from http://web.williams.edu/Economics/wp/SheppardUdellAirbnbAffectHousePrices.pdf
  • Steylaerts, S., & O’Dubhghaill, S. (2011) CouchSurfing and authenticity: Notes towards an understanding of an emerging phenomenon. Hospitality & Society, 1 (3), 261–278
  • Tussyadiah, I. P., & Pesonen, J. (2018). Drivers and barriers of peer-to-peer accommodation stay: An exploratory study with American and Finnish travellers. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(6), 703–720. doi:10.1080/ 13683500.2016.1141180
  • Van Der Zee, R. (2016). The 'Airbnb effect': is it real, and what is it doing to a city like Amsterdam?. The Guardian, 6 Oct 2016. (Accessed on 25.06.2019), https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/oct/06/the-airbnb-effect-amsterdam-fairbnb-property-prices-communities
  • Zervas, G., Proserpio D., & Byers, J. (2015). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of Airbnb on the hotel industry, Boston University School of Management Research Paper.

AirBnB’s Socio-Economic Effects to Neighborhood Dynamics: Besiktas, Istanbul

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 17, 71 - 81, 30.06.2020

Abstract

With the development of Internet technologies, P2P sharing economy models have emerged. This study aims to reveal the socio-economic effects of Airbnb, one of the P2P sharing economy housing platforms. In this study, the Airbnb concept was investigated first by the literature review. The volume of Airbnb in Istanbul was analyzed by accessing the Airbnb website. Besiktas district, which is one of the most used areas of Airbnb, was selected for the case study. For the case study, three groups of actors were identified: (i) the hosts, (ii) the guests and (iii) the neighbors. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample (n=40) of these actors. According to the results of the field study, the hosts derive economic benefits, and also they enjoy the time spent with guests from different cultural backgrounds. The guests benefit from affordable and unique accommodation options where they feel more like a local. Some of the neighbors are in the opinion that Airbnb poses security threats for the fact that they do not know the people who rent these short-term accommodations. On the other hand, some of the neighbors are pleased that Airbnb reinvigorates the economy in the neighborhoods. With this study, codes such as economic benefit, cross-cultural sharing, socialization, noise, robbery, racism, thrust, hygiene, security threat etc. developed within the context of the relationship of actors are generated in relation to Airbnb’s impact on dynamics of neighborhoods.

References

  • Belarmino, A., Whalen, E., Koh, Y., & Bowen, J. T. (2017). Comparing guests’ key attributes of peer-to-peer accommodation and hotels: Mixed-methods approach. Current Issues in Tourism. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/13683500. 2017.1293623
  • Benjaafar, S., Kong, G., Li, X., & Courcoubetis, C. (2018). Peer-to-peer product sharing: Implications for ownership, usage, and social welfare in the sharing economy. Management Science, 65(2), 477-493.
  • Bialski, P. (2012) Becoming Intimately Mobile. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Botsman, R., & Rogers, R. (2010) What’s Mine is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business.
  • Cócola Gant, A. (2015). Tourism and commercial gentrification. In: RC21 international conference, Urbino, Italy.
  • Cócola Gant, A. (2016). Holiday rentals: The new gentrification battlefront. Sociological Research Online, 21(3), 1–9.
  • Edelman, B. G., & Geradin, D. (2016). Efficiencies and regulatory shortcuts: How should we regulate companies like Airbnb and Uber? Stanford Technology Law Review, 19(2), 293–328.
  • Espinosa, T. P. (2016). The cost of sharing and the common law: How to address the negative externalities of home-sharing. Chapman Law Review, 19(1), 597–627.
  • Finck, M., & Ranchordás, S. (2016). Sharing and the City. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 49(5).
  • Füller, H., & Michel, B. (2014). ‘Stop being a tourist!’ New dynamics of urban tourism in Berlin- Kreuzberg. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38(4), 1304–1318.
  • Gallagher, L. (2017). The Airbnb story: How three ordinary guys disrupted an industry, made billions ... and created plenty of controversy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Germann Molz, J. (2011). CouchSurfing and network hospitality: ‘It’s not just about the furniture. Hospitality & Society, 1 (3), 215–225.
  • Geron, T. (2013). Airbnb and the unstoppable rise of the share economy. Forbes, 23 January. (Accessed on 10.10.2018), http://www.forbes.com/sites/tomiogeron/2013/01/23/airbnb-and-the- unstoppable-rise-of-the-share-economy/
  • Gottlieb, C. (2013). Residential short-term rentals: Should local governments regulate the ‘industry’? Planning & Environmental Law, 65(2), 4–9.
  • Gravari-Barbas, M., & Guinand, S. (eds.). (2017). Tourism and gentrification in contemporary metropolises: International perspectives. London: Routledge.
  • Gurran, N., & Phibbs, P. (2017). When tourists move in: How should urban planners respond to Airbnb? Journal of the American Planning Association, 83(1), 80–92.
  • Gutiérrez, J., Garcia-Palomares, J. C., Romanillos, G., & Salas-Olmedo, M. H. (2017). The eruption of Airbnb in tourist cities: Comparing spatial patterns of hotels and peer-to-peer accommodation in Barcelona. Tourism Management, 62, 278–291.
  • Guttentag, D. (2015). Airbnb: Disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(12), 1192–1217.
  • Ioannides, D., Röslmaier, M., & Van der Zee, E. (2018). Airbnb as an instigator of ‘tourism bubble’ expansion in Utrecht’s Lombok neighbourhood. Tourism Geographies, doi: 10.1080/14616688.2018.1454505
  • Jefferson-Jones, J. (2015). Airbnb and the Housing Segment of the Modern Sharing Economy: Are Short-Term Rental Restrictions an Unconstitutional Taking. Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly, 42(3), 557.
  • Killick, R. (2015). Sharing economy’companies like Uber and Airbnb aren’t really ‘sharing’anything. International Business Times.
  • Lines, G. E. (2015). Hej, not hej då: Regulating Airbnb in the new age of Arizona vacation rentals. Arizona Law Review, 57(4), 1163–1182.
  • Maitland, R. (2010). Everyday life as a creative experience in cities. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(3), 176–185.
  • Miller, S. R. (2014). Transferable sharing rights: A theoretical model for regulating Airbnb and the short-term rental market. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2514178
  • Mudallal, Z. (2015). Airbnb will soon be booking more rooms than the world’s largest hotel chains. Quartz. Retrieved from https://qz.com/329735/airbnb-will-soon-be-booking-more-rooms-than-the-worlds-largest-hotel-chains/
  • Oskam, J., & Boswijk, A. (2016). Airbnb: The future of networked hospitality businesses. Journal of Tourism Futures, 2(1), 22–42.
  • Riley, T. (2012). ‘Collaborative consumption’: The new economy. New Statesman.
  • Russo, A.P. and Quaglieri Domínguez, A. (2014). The spatial logic of home exchanges: Towards a new geography of the quotidian in contemporary tourism. Scripta Nova XVIII (483).
  • Schor, J. (2014). Debating the sharing economy. Great transition initiative. (Accessed on 12.09.2016), http:// www.greattransition.org/publication/debating-thesharing-economy
  • Sheppard, S., & Udell, A. (2016). Do Airbnb properties affect house prices?. Working paper Williams College Department of Economics. Retrieved from http://web.williams.edu/Economics/wp/SheppardUdellAirbnbAffectHousePrices.pdf
  • Steylaerts, S., & O’Dubhghaill, S. (2011) CouchSurfing and authenticity: Notes towards an understanding of an emerging phenomenon. Hospitality & Society, 1 (3), 261–278
  • Tussyadiah, I. P., & Pesonen, J. (2018). Drivers and barriers of peer-to-peer accommodation stay: An exploratory study with American and Finnish travellers. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(6), 703–720. doi:10.1080/ 13683500.2016.1141180
  • Van Der Zee, R. (2016). The 'Airbnb effect': is it real, and what is it doing to a city like Amsterdam?. The Guardian, 6 Oct 2016. (Accessed on 25.06.2019), https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/oct/06/the-airbnb-effect-amsterdam-fairbnb-property-prices-communities
  • Zervas, G., Proserpio D., & Byers, J. (2015). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of Airbnb on the hotel industry, Boston University School of Management Research Paper.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İlkim Markoç 0000-0002-7805-1153

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Acceptance Date November 19, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 17

Cite

APA Markoç, İ. (2020). AirBnB’s Socio-Economic Effects to Neighborhood Dynamics: Besiktas, Istanbul. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(17), 71-81.