AirBnB’nin Mahalle Dinamiklerine Sosyo-Ekonomik Etkisi: Beşiktaş, İstanbul

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 17, 71 - 81, 30.06.2020

İlkim Markoç

Öz

İnternet teknolojilerinin gelişmesiyle birlikte P2P paylaşım ekonomisi modelleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, P2P paylaşımlı ekonomi konut platformlarından biri olan Airbnb'nin sosyo-ekonomik etkilerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Airbnb kavramı ilk olarak literatür taraması ile incelenmiştir. Airbnb'nin İstanbul'daki hacmi Airbnb web sitesine erişilerek analiz edilmiş ve vaka çalışması için Airbnb'nin en yoğun kullanılan bölgelerinden biri olan Beşiktaş seçilmiştir. Vaka çalışması için üç grup aktör tanımlanmıştır: (i) mülk sahipleri, (ii) misafirler ve (iii) komşular. Bu aktörlerden oluşan bir örneklem (n= 40) ile yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Vaka çalışmasından elde edilen sonuçlara göre, mülk sahipleri ekonomik fayda sağlamakta ve genel olarak farklı kültürden misafirleriyle iyi vakit geçirmektedir. Misafirler, kendilerini daha yerel hissettikleri, ekonomik ve biricik bir konaklama deneyimi yaşamaktadır. Komşuların bazıları Airbnb'nin çevrede tanımadıkları insanlar kısa süreli konakladığı için güvenlik tehdidi oluşturduğunu düşünmektedir. Bazıları ise mahalleye Airbnb ile gelen canlılıktan memnundur. Aktörler arası ilişkiler bağlamında gelişen; ekonomik fayda, kültürler arası paylaşım, sosyalleşme, gürültü, hırsızlık, ırkçılık, güven, hijyen, güvenlik tehdidi gibi kodlar Airbnb’nin mahalle dinamiklerine etkisi bağlamında bu çalışma ile üretilmiştir.   

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uçtan Uca Paylaşım Ekonomisi Platformları, AirBnB, Sosyo-Ekonomik Etkiler, Mahalle, Beşiktaş

AirBnB’s Socio-Economic Effects to Neighborhood Dynamics: Besiktas, Istanbul

Öz

With the development of Internet technologies, P2P sharing economy models have emerged. This study aims to reveal the socio-economic effects of Airbnb, one of the P2P sharing economy housing platforms. In this study, the Airbnb concept was investigated first by the literature review. The volume of Airbnb in Istanbul was analyzed by accessing the Airbnb website. Besiktas district, which is one of the most used areas of Airbnb, was selected for the case study. For the case study, three groups of actors were identified: (i) the hosts, (ii) the guests and (iii) the neighbors. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample (n=40) of these actors. According to the results of the field study, the hosts derive economic benefits, and also they enjoy the time spent with guests from different cultural backgrounds. The guests benefit from affordable and unique accommodation options where they feel more like a local. Some of the neighbors are in the opinion that Airbnb poses security threats for the fact that they do not know the people who rent these short-term accommodations. On the other hand, some of the neighbors are pleased that Airbnb reinvigorates the economy in the neighborhoods. With this study, codes such as economic benefit, cross-cultural sharing, socialization, noise, robbery, racism, thrust, hygiene, security threat etc. developed within the context of the relationship of actors are generated in relation to Airbnb’s impact on dynamics of neighborhoods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

P2P Sharing Economy Platforms, AirBnB, Socio- Economic Effects, Neighborhood, Besiktas

Kaynakça

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