Automatic Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease by Applying ICA Methods to TQWT Features

Abstract

Parkinson is a disease caused by the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. There are many diagnostic methods of this disease, and the analysis of audio signals is one of them. For this purpose, the features obtained by using the tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT) method were used for the recorded audio signals of a total of 252 people including 188 Parkinson's disease and 64 healthy subjects. Three different feature reduction (dimensionality reduction) methods as fast ICA (FICA), max-kurtosis ICA (KICA) and reconstruction ICA (RICA) which are one of the independent component analysis (ICA) were applied to these properties. As a result of these processes, the maximum success rate was tried to be obtained with the minimum number of features. For this purpose, firstly k-fold cross validation method is applied to the data group created with new features and the data are divided into train-test. In the next step, the prepared data were classified by Random Forest (RO) algorithm and the results were interpreted by various statistical criteria. When the results are evaluated; the most successful method was the RICA with 82.01 classification accuracy and the ROC and PRC values of about 0.85. This situation has proved almost perfect separation of the patient and the healthy class. The performance results of this study which is suitable for real life applications and the high number of data used reveal the importance of the study in the literature. Moreover, the analysis of dimensionality reduction methods used in the study can lead to studies that can be done in this area. 

Keywords

• Parkinson's disease,audio signal analysis,dimensionality reduction methods,TQWT

AQDD Özelliklerine BBA Yöntemleri Uygulanarak Parkinson Hastalığının Otomatik Teşhisi

Abstract

Parkinson hastalığı dopamin üreten beyin hücrelerinin kaybı sonucunda oluşan bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalığın birçok teşhis yöntemi bulunmakta olup ses sinyallerinin analizi de bunlardan birisidir. Bu çalışmada daha önceden 188 Parkinson hastası ve 64 sağlıklı olmak üzere toplam 252 kişiye ait kaydedilmiş ses sinyallerinden ayarlanabilir Q-faktör dalgacık dönüşümü (AQDD) metodu kullanılarak elde edilen özellikler kullanılmıştır. Bu özelliklere bağımsız bileşen analizi (BBA) çeşitlerinden olan hızlı BBA (HBBA), max-kurtosis BBA (KBBA) ve yeniden yapılanma BBA (YBBA) olmak üzere üç farklı özellik azaltma (boyut indirgeme) yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bu işlemler sonucunda minimum özellik sayısıyla maksimum başarı oranı elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla, öncelikle yeni özellikler ile oluşturulan veri grubuna ayrı ayrı k-kat çapraz doğrulama yöntemi uygulanarak veriler eğitim-test olarak ayrılmıştır. Sonraki aşamada, hazırlanan veriler rastgele orman (RO) algoritması ile sınıflandırılmış ve sonuçlar çeşitli istatistiksel ölçütlerle yorumlanmıştır. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde; kullanılan boyut indirgeme yöntemleri içerisinde en başarılı yöntem %82.01 sınıflandırma doğruluk oranı ve yaklaşık 0.85 ROC ve PRC değerleri ile YBBA olmuştur. Bu durum hasta ve sağlıklı sınıf ayrışımının mükemmele yaklaştığını kanıtlamıştır. Gerçek yaşam uygulamalarına uygun olan bu çalışmanın performans sonuçları ve kullanılan veri sayısının yüksek oluşu çalışmanın literatürdeki önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, çalışma kapsamında kullanılan özellik indirgeme yöntemlerinin analizi, bu alanda yapılabilecek çalışmalara yol gösterebilecek niteliktedir.

Keywords

• Parkinson hastalığı,ses sinyali analizi,boyut indirgeme metodları,AQDD

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