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Investigation of Properties of Glass Fiber and Rubber Filled PA6 Polymer

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 15 - 23, 21.12.2017

Abstract

In this study, the effects of glass fiber and rubber
were investigated on the mechanical, thermal and tribological properties of PA
polymer. Mechanical and physical properties of PA6 polymers were determined by
tensile and hardness tests, and thermal properties by DSC analysis.
Tribological properties were determined using a pin-on-disc device. Wear tests
were carried out at a sliding speed of 0.5m/s and 1.0m/s, and a load of 20-40N.
As a result, the glass fiber added to the PA6 polymer increased the tensile
strength by 33% while the rubber addition decreased by 18%. Addition of glass
fiber and rubber reduced the crystallization rate. The wear rate increased with
increasing sliding speed, while the wear rate decreased with applied load.
Coefficient of friction increased with increase load and sliding speed.

References

  • [1]. Jiang, Z., Gyurova, L., Zhang, Z., Friedrich, K., Schlarb, A.K., "Neural network based prediction on mechanical and wear properties of short fibers reinforced polyamide composites," Materials Design, vol. 29-3, pp. 628–637, 2008.
  • [2]. Yousif, B.F., El-Tayeb, N.S.M., "Wear and friction characteristics of CGRP composite under wet contact condition using two different test techniques," Wear, vol. 265-(5–6), pp. 856–864, 2008.
  • [3]. Kumar, S.S., Kanagaraj, G., "Investigation on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of PA6 and Graphite-Reinforced PA6 Polymer Composites," Arab J. Sci. Engineering, vol. 41, pp. 4347–4357, 2016.
  • [4]. Mihaly, K., "Effect of Incorporated Lubrication on the Tribological Properties of Polyamides," Tribology, pp. 65-69, 2005.
  • [5]. Gang, T., Wangjuan, H., Daofang, C., Wenzhong, N., Weijian, M., Wei, Y., "The Friction and Wear of Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide 6 Composites Filled with Nano-MoS2," Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, vol. 50, pp. 1537–1540, 2011.
  • [6]. Li, J., Xia, Y.C., "The Reinforcement Effect of Carbon Fiber on the Friction and Wear Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PA6 Composites," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 10, pp. 4, 2009.
  • [7]. Palabiyik, M., Bahadur, S., "Tribological studies of polyamide 6 and high-density polyethylene blends filled with PTFE and copper oxide and reinforced with short glass fibers," Wear, vol. 253, pp. 369–376, 2002.
  • [8]. Stokes, V.K., Inzinna, L.P., Liang, E.W., Trantina, G.G., Woods J.,T., "A phenomenological study of the mechanical properties of long fiber filled injection-molded thermoplastic composites," Polymer Composites, vol. 21 (5), pp. 696–710. 2000.
  • [9]. Zhaobin, C., Xujun, L., Renguo, L., Tongsheng, L., "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PA66/PPS Blend. III. Reinforced with GF," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 102, pp. 523–529, 2006.
  • [10]. Palabiyik, M., Bahadur, S., "Mechanical and tribological properties of polyamide 6 and high density polyethylene polyblends with and without compatibilizer," Wear, vol. 246/1, pp. 149–158. 2000.
  • [11]. Li, D.X., Yi-Lan, Y., Xin, D., Wen-Juan, L., Ying, X., "Tribological properties of solid lubricants filled glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites," Materials and Design, vol. 46, pp. 809–815, 2013.
  • [12]. Bahadur, S., Polineni, V.K., "Tribological studies of glass fabric-reinforced polyamide composites filled with CuO and PTFE," Wear, vol. 200, pp. 95-104, 1996.
  • [13]. Duxin, L., Ying, X., Wenjuan, L., Yilan, Y., Xin, D., "Tribological and Mechanical Behaviors of Polyamide 6/Glass Fiber Composite Filled with Various Solid Lubricants," The Scientific World Journal, vol. 2013, pp. 1-9, 2013.
  • [14]. Unal, H., Mimaroglu, A., "Friction abd wear performance of polyamide 6 and graphite and wax polyamide 6 composites under dry sliding conditions," Wear, vol. 289, pp. 132–137, 2012.
  • [15]. Gordon, D.H., Kukureka, S.N., "The wear and friction of polyamşde 46 and polyamide 46/aramid-fibre composites in sliding-rolling contact," Wear, vol. 267, pp. 669–678, 2009.
  • [16]. Yi-Lan, Y., Du-Xin, L., Gao-Jie, S., Ruo-Yun, L., Xin, D., 2016. Improvement in the tribological properties of polyamide 6: Talc, glass fiber, graphite, and ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 29/4, 494–507.
  • [17]. Krıstıına, O., Craıg, C., "Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Impact Modified Polypropylene-Wood Flour Composites," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 67, pp. 1503-1513, 1998.
  • [18]. Friedrich, K., Flock, J., Varadi, V., Neder, Z., "Experimental and numerical evaluation of the machanical properties of compacted wear debris layers formed between composites and steel surfaces in sliding contact," Wear, vol. 251, pp. 1202-1212, 2001.
  • [19]. Hanmin, Z., Guoren, H., Guicheng, Y., "Friction and wear of poly(phenylene sulphide) and its carbon fibre composites. 1. Unlubricated," Wear, vol. 116, pp. 59–68, 1987.
  • [20]. Lancaster, J.K., in: A.D. Jenkins (Ed.), Polymer Science: A Material Science Handbook, p. 959, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1972.
  • [21]. Colak, M., Gürhan, D., Fehim, F., Yetgin, S.H., "Investıgatıon of the Effect of Addıng Cu on Al Alloys For Wear And Frıctıon Propertıes," IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, vol. 5/7, pp. 448-453, 2016.

Cam Elyaf ve Kauçuk Katkılı PA6 Polimerinin Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 15 - 23, 21.12.2017

Abstract


8/PA6 polimerinin mekanik, termal ve tribolojik özellikleri üzerine cam elyaf ve kauçuk katkıların etkisi incelenmiştir. Mekaniksel ve fiziksel özellikleri belirlemek için çekme ve sertlik testleri ile termal özellikleri belirlemek için DSC analizi yapılmıştır. Tribolojik özelliklerin belirlenmesi için pin-disk cihazı kullanılmıştır. Aşınma testleri 0.5m/s ve 1.0m/s kayma hızları ile 20-40N yük aralıklarında yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, PA6 polimerine ilave edilen cam elyaf çekme dayanımını %33 oranında artırırken kauçuk ilavesi %18 oranında azaltmıştır. Cam elyaf ve kauçuk ilavesi kristallenme oranını azaltmıştır. Kayma hızının artması ile spesifik aşınma oranı artarken uygulanan yük ile birlikte azalmıştır. Artan kayma hızı ve yüke bağlı olarak sürtünme katsayısı artmıştır.

References

  • [1]. Jiang, Z., Gyurova, L., Zhang, Z., Friedrich, K., Schlarb, A.K., "Neural network based prediction on mechanical and wear properties of short fibers reinforced polyamide composites," Materials Design, vol. 29-3, pp. 628–637, 2008.
  • [2]. Yousif, B.F., El-Tayeb, N.S.M., "Wear and friction characteristics of CGRP composite under wet contact condition using two different test techniques," Wear, vol. 265-(5–6), pp. 856–864, 2008.
  • [3]. Kumar, S.S., Kanagaraj, G., "Investigation on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of PA6 and Graphite-Reinforced PA6 Polymer Composites," Arab J. Sci. Engineering, vol. 41, pp. 4347–4357, 2016.
  • [4]. Mihaly, K., "Effect of Incorporated Lubrication on the Tribological Properties of Polyamides," Tribology, pp. 65-69, 2005.
  • [5]. Gang, T., Wangjuan, H., Daofang, C., Wenzhong, N., Weijian, M., Wei, Y., "The Friction and Wear of Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide 6 Composites Filled with Nano-MoS2," Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, vol. 50, pp. 1537–1540, 2011.
  • [6]. Li, J., Xia, Y.C., "The Reinforcement Effect of Carbon Fiber on the Friction and Wear Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PA6 Composites," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 10, pp. 4, 2009.
  • [7]. Palabiyik, M., Bahadur, S., "Tribological studies of polyamide 6 and high-density polyethylene blends filled with PTFE and copper oxide and reinforced with short glass fibers," Wear, vol. 253, pp. 369–376, 2002.
  • [8]. Stokes, V.K., Inzinna, L.P., Liang, E.W., Trantina, G.G., Woods J.,T., "A phenomenological study of the mechanical properties of long fiber filled injection-molded thermoplastic composites," Polymer Composites, vol. 21 (5), pp. 696–710. 2000.
  • [9]. Zhaobin, C., Xujun, L., Renguo, L., Tongsheng, L., "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PA66/PPS Blend. III. Reinforced with GF," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 102, pp. 523–529, 2006.
  • [10]. Palabiyik, M., Bahadur, S., "Mechanical and tribological properties of polyamide 6 and high density polyethylene polyblends with and without compatibilizer," Wear, vol. 246/1, pp. 149–158. 2000.
  • [11]. Li, D.X., Yi-Lan, Y., Xin, D., Wen-Juan, L., Ying, X., "Tribological properties of solid lubricants filled glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites," Materials and Design, vol. 46, pp. 809–815, 2013.
  • [12]. Bahadur, S., Polineni, V.K., "Tribological studies of glass fabric-reinforced polyamide composites filled with CuO and PTFE," Wear, vol. 200, pp. 95-104, 1996.
  • [13]. Duxin, L., Ying, X., Wenjuan, L., Yilan, Y., Xin, D., "Tribological and Mechanical Behaviors of Polyamide 6/Glass Fiber Composite Filled with Various Solid Lubricants," The Scientific World Journal, vol. 2013, pp. 1-9, 2013.
  • [14]. Unal, H., Mimaroglu, A., "Friction abd wear performance of polyamide 6 and graphite and wax polyamide 6 composites under dry sliding conditions," Wear, vol. 289, pp. 132–137, 2012.
  • [15]. Gordon, D.H., Kukureka, S.N., "The wear and friction of polyamşde 46 and polyamide 46/aramid-fibre composites in sliding-rolling contact," Wear, vol. 267, pp. 669–678, 2009.
  • [16]. Yi-Lan, Y., Du-Xin, L., Gao-Jie, S., Ruo-Yun, L., Xin, D., 2016. Improvement in the tribological properties of polyamide 6: Talc, glass fiber, graphite, and ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 29/4, 494–507.
  • [17]. Krıstıına, O., Craıg, C., "Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Impact Modified Polypropylene-Wood Flour Composites," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 67, pp. 1503-1513, 1998.
  • [18]. Friedrich, K., Flock, J., Varadi, V., Neder, Z., "Experimental and numerical evaluation of the machanical properties of compacted wear debris layers formed between composites and steel surfaces in sliding contact," Wear, vol. 251, pp. 1202-1212, 2001.
  • [19]. Hanmin, Z., Guoren, H., Guicheng, Y., "Friction and wear of poly(phenylene sulphide) and its carbon fibre composites. 1. Unlubricated," Wear, vol. 116, pp. 59–68, 1987.
  • [20]. Lancaster, J.K., in: A.D. Jenkins (Ed.), Polymer Science: A Material Science Handbook, p. 959, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1972.
  • [21]. Colak, M., Gürhan, D., Fehim, F., Yetgin, S.H., "Investıgatıon of the Effect of Addıng Cu on Al Alloys For Wear And Frıctıon Propertıes," IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, vol. 5/7, pp. 448-453, 2016.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Salih Hakan Yetgin

Elif Türkmen This is me

Mustafa Güleşen

Publication Date December 21, 2017
Submission Date October 27, 2017
Acceptance Date November 19, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yetgin, S. H., Türkmen, E., & Güleşen, M. (2017). Cam Elyaf ve Kauçuk Katkılı PA6 Polimerinin Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 15-23.