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Hirudoterapi ve Cerrahide Kullanımı

Year 2019, GETAT Special Issue, 47 - 54, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.527435

Abstract

Sülükler ile
tedavi (Hirudoterapi), yüzyıllar boyunca hastalar tarafından kullanılmış,
enflamatuar
hastalıklar, osteoartrit veya cerrahi sonrası gelişen komplikasyonlar
üzerindeki muhtemel etkileri birçok araştırmacı tarafından da incelenmiş ve
denenmiştir. Sülük tedavisinin kullanılabileceği
endikasyonların başında plastik ve rekonstrüktif cerrahi operasyonlarında
serbest ve pediküllü flep uygulamalarında post operatif gelişen venöz
yetersizlikler gelir. Özellikle serbest flep uygulamalarında venöz problemler
arteryel problemlere oranla çok daha sık görülmektedir. Hirudoterapi, venöz
yetersizlik tedavisinde cerrahi eksplorasyona iyi bir alternatif
oluşturmaktadır. Avrupa tıbbi sülük türlerinden olan Hirudo medicinalis, birçok
hekim tarafından, daha küçük, yüzeysel kesik meydana getirmesi ve daha az kan
emmesi nedeni ile özellikle tercih edilmektedir. Sülüklerin tükrük bezlerindeki
salgılarında 100’ün üzerinde farklı özelliklere sahip biyoaktif maddeler
vardır. Bu salgılar vazodilatasyona, analjeziye, antienflamasyona, kanda
antikoagülasyonun arttırılmasına, bakteriyel çoğalımın engellenmesine, ödemin
çözülmesine, mikrosirkülasyonun hızlanmasına, organ ve dokuların hasarlı vasküler
yapılardaki permeabilitenin ve canlılığın tekrar artmasına, hipoksinin
düzeltilmesine, kan basıncının düşürülmesine, ağrının azaltılmasına ve
immünitenin tekrar arttırmasına etkili oldukları gösterilmiştir. Tekniği ucuz,
etkili ve kullanımı kolaydır. ABD İlaç ve Gıda Dairesi (Food and Drug
Administration of USA-FDA) sülüklerin satışına, genel amaçlı ve plastik
cerrahi ve mikrocerrahide kullanımına 2004 yılında izin vermiştir. Türkiye’de
de sülük uygulaması ile beraber onaltı uygulamayı kapsayan “Geleneksel ve
Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamaları Yönetmeliği” 2014’de yürürlüğe girmiştir. Geleneksel
tıpta uzun bir geçmişi olan sülük tedavisini uygulaması kolay, yan etkileri
az ve uygun maliyettedir. Son yıllarda hem ülkemizde hem de dünyada modern tıp
alanında yerini almaya başladığı görülmekte ve tedavilerde etkinliği
arttırdığı görüldükçe kullanım alanları genişleyecektir.

References

  • 1. Houschyar KS, Momeni A, Maan ZN, Pyles MN, Jew OS, Strathe M, et al. Medical leech therapy in plastic reconstructive surgery: Wien Med Wochen- schr 2015;165:419-25.
  • 2. Abdullah S, Dar LM, Rashid A, Tewari A. Hirudotherapy/Leech therapy: Applications and indications in surgery: Arch Clin Exp Surg 2012; 1(3): 172-180.
  • 3. Mumcuoglu KY. Recommendations for the use of leeches in reconstructive plastic surgery: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014; 2014:205929.
  • 4. Green PA, Shafritz AB. Medicinal leech use in microsurgery: J Hand Surg Am. 2010;35(6):1019–21.
  • 5. Whitaker IS, Izadi D, Oliver DW, et al. Hirudo medicinalis and the plastic surgeon: Br J Plast Surg. 2004;57(4):348–53.
  • 6. Medipol Üniversitesi, Hirudoterapi Sertifikalı Eğitim Programı, Ders Notları, 2008
  • 7. Abdualkader AM, Ghawi AM, Alaama M, et al. Leech Therapeutic Applications: Indian. J Pharm Sci. 2013;75(2):127–37.
  • 8. Hayden RE, Phillips JG, McLear PW. Leeches. Objective monitoring of altered perfusion in congested flaps: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 114(12):1395-9.
  • 9. Derganc M, Zdravic F (1960) Venous congestion of flaps treated by application of leeches: Br J Plast Surg; 13:187–192
  • 10. Butt AM, Ismail A, Lawson-Smith M, Shahid M, Webb J, Chester DL. Leech therapy for the treatment of venous congestion in flaps, digital re-plants and revascularizations - A two-year review from a regional centre: J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad; 2016;28:219-23.
  • 11. Durrant C, Townley WA, Ramkumar S, Khoo CT (2006) Forgotten digital tourniquet: salvage of an ischemic finger by application of medicinal leeches: Ann R Coll Surg Engl;88:462–464
  • 12. Tuncali D, Terzioglu A, Cigsar B, Aslan G. The value of medical leeches in the treatment of class IIC ring avulsion injuries: report of 2 cases: d Hand Surg Am 2004;29:943-946.
  • 13. de Chalain TM. Exploring the use of the medicinal leech: a clinical risk-benefit analysis: J Reconstr Microsurg 1996;12:165-172.
  • 14. Gilyova OS, Korobeinikova GA, Gilyova ES et al (1999) The achievements of modern medicine in systemic hirudotherapy: Russ J Biomech 3:68–77
  • 15. Mineo M, Jolley T, Rodriguez G. Leech therapy in penile replantation: A case of recurrent penile self-amputation: Urology. 2004;63:981–3.

Hirudotherapy and Use in Surgery

Year 2019, GETAT Special Issue, 47 - 54, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.527435

Abstract

Treatment with leeches (hirudotherapy), used by patients for
centuries, the possible effects on inflammatory diseases, osteoarthritis or
complications after surgery have been examined and tested by many researchers.
One of the indications that leech therapy can be used is the postoperative
venous insufficiency in free and pedicled flap applications in plastic and
reconstructive surgery operations. Especially in free flap applications, venous
problems are more common than arterial problems. Hirudotherapy is a good
alternative to surgical exploration in the treatment of venous insufficiency.
Hirudo medicinalis, one of the European medicinal leech species, is especially
preferred by many physicians because of its smaller, superficial cuts and less
blood sucking. There are over 100 different bioactive substances in salivary
glands of leeches. These secretions have been shown to be effective in
vasodilatation, analgesia, antiinflammation, increased anticoagulation in
blood, inhibition of bacterial growth, dissolution of edema, acceleration of
microcirculation, reorganization of organ and tissues in permeability and
viability of damaged vascular structures, correction of hypoxia, reduction of
blood pressure, reduction of pain and increase of immunity . The technique is
cheap, effective and easy to use. The US Food and Drug Administration of the
USA (FDA) in 2004, the sale of leeches, general-purpose and plastic surgery and
microsurgery use in 2004 allowed. Turkey also covers the application along with
sixteen leeches application "Regulation on Traditional and Complementary
Medicine Practice" was enacted in 2014.



Leech therapy with a long history in traditional medicine is easy
to apply, side effects are low and cost effective. In recent years, it is seen
that it has started to take its place in modern medicine both in our country
and in the world.

References

  • 1. Houschyar KS, Momeni A, Maan ZN, Pyles MN, Jew OS, Strathe M, et al. Medical leech therapy in plastic reconstructive surgery: Wien Med Wochen- schr 2015;165:419-25.
  • 2. Abdullah S, Dar LM, Rashid A, Tewari A. Hirudotherapy/Leech therapy: Applications and indications in surgery: Arch Clin Exp Surg 2012; 1(3): 172-180.
  • 3. Mumcuoglu KY. Recommendations for the use of leeches in reconstructive plastic surgery: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014; 2014:205929.
  • 4. Green PA, Shafritz AB. Medicinal leech use in microsurgery: J Hand Surg Am. 2010;35(6):1019–21.
  • 5. Whitaker IS, Izadi D, Oliver DW, et al. Hirudo medicinalis and the plastic surgeon: Br J Plast Surg. 2004;57(4):348–53.
  • 6. Medipol Üniversitesi, Hirudoterapi Sertifikalı Eğitim Programı, Ders Notları, 2008
  • 7. Abdualkader AM, Ghawi AM, Alaama M, et al. Leech Therapeutic Applications: Indian. J Pharm Sci. 2013;75(2):127–37.
  • 8. Hayden RE, Phillips JG, McLear PW. Leeches. Objective monitoring of altered perfusion in congested flaps: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 114(12):1395-9.
  • 9. Derganc M, Zdravic F (1960) Venous congestion of flaps treated by application of leeches: Br J Plast Surg; 13:187–192
  • 10. Butt AM, Ismail A, Lawson-Smith M, Shahid M, Webb J, Chester DL. Leech therapy for the treatment of venous congestion in flaps, digital re-plants and revascularizations - A two-year review from a regional centre: J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad; 2016;28:219-23.
  • 11. Durrant C, Townley WA, Ramkumar S, Khoo CT (2006) Forgotten digital tourniquet: salvage of an ischemic finger by application of medicinal leeches: Ann R Coll Surg Engl;88:462–464
  • 12. Tuncali D, Terzioglu A, Cigsar B, Aslan G. The value of medical leeches in the treatment of class IIC ring avulsion injuries: report of 2 cases: d Hand Surg Am 2004;29:943-946.
  • 13. de Chalain TM. Exploring the use of the medicinal leech: a clinical risk-benefit analysis: J Reconstr Microsurg 1996;12:165-172.
  • 14. Gilyova OS, Korobeinikova GA, Gilyova ES et al (1999) The achievements of modern medicine in systemic hirudotherapy: Russ J Biomech 3:68–77
  • 15. Mineo M, Jolley T, Rodriguez G. Leech therapy in penile replantation: A case of recurrent penile self-amputation: Urology. 2004;63:981–3.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Review
Authors

Gülay Trak This is me 0000-0002-4120-7249

Publication Date September 30, 2019
Acceptance Date April 28, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 GETAT Special Issue

Cite

AMA Trak G. Hirudoterapi ve Cerrahide Kullanımı. J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. September 2019;3:47-54. doi:10.34084/bshr.527435
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