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COVID-19 SÜRECİNDE KALABALIK ve KİŞİSEL ALAN ALGISI: MARKET ALIŞVERİŞİ ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 11 - 22, 06.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.20854/bujse.1001630

Abstract

Covid-19 salgını, dünyanın her yerinde insanların günlük yaşamlarını yeniden şekillendirmiştir. Yetkililer tarafından virüsün bulaşma riskini azaltmak için birçok düzenleme ve değişiklik yapılmıştır. Dünya Sağlık örgütü tarafından yapılan uyarılar ve merkezi otoritelerce yapılan düzenlemeler kapalı alanlarda metrekareye düşen kişi sayısını azaltmayı ve insanlar arasındaki sosyal mesafeyi artırmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu düzenlemeler yeni kişisel alan ve kalabalık algılarını beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu bağlamda toplu taşımadan market alışverişine kadar birçok kamusal alanda insanların davranışları yeni bir doku kazanmıştır. Bu değişim bireylerin sadece mekana bakış açılarını değiştirmekle kalmamış, aynı mekanda bulunduğu diğer insanlara bakış açılarının da değişmesine neden olmuştur. Bu araştırmada, Covid-19 nedeniyle insanların davranışlarını sosyal mesafeye uyarlamayı amaçlayan çevre düzenlemeler, kişisel alan ve kalabalık kavramları açısından incelenmektedir. Amaç, içinden geçilen değişim sürecinin bireyin kişisel alan ve kalabalık algıları üzerindeki etkisini market alışverişi örneği üzerinden ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada katılımcıların pandemi öncesi ve sonrasında kişisel alan ve kalabalık kavramlarına ilişkin algılarını belirlemek için retrospektif bir yaklaşımla çevrimiçi görüşmeler yapılarak veri toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri QRS Nvivo nitel veri analiz programında içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarında market alışverişi örneği üzerinden Covid-19 salgını süresince insanların kapalı alanlarda kişisel alan ihtiyacının arttığı, kalabalık algısının psikolojik nedenlerle pandemi öncesine göre farklılaştığı ortaya koyulmuştur.

References

  • Aiello, J. R., & Thompson, D. E. (1980). Personal space, crowding, and spatial behavior in a cultural context. In Environment and culture (pp. 107-178). Springer, Boston, MA.
  • Bazeley, P. Ve Jackson, K. (2019). Nvivo ile Nitel Veri Analizi, (t. Bakla, A., Demir, S. B.) Anı Yayıncılık, Ankara. (Original publication date, 2013)
  • Chang, H. H., & Meyerhoefer, C. D. (2020). COVID‐19 and the Demand for Online Food Shopping Services: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan. American Journal of Agricultural Economics.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  • Corbin, J. and Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, SAGE Publications, Washington DC.
  • Dosey, M. A., & Meisels, M. (1969). Personal space and self-protection. Journal of personality and social psychology, 11(2), 93.
  • Epstein, Y. M. (1981). Crowding stress and human behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 37(1), 126-144.
  • Freedman, J. L. (1975). Crowding and behavior. San Francisco, CA: W. H. Freeman.
  • Goffman E. (2020). Günlük Yaşamda Benliğin Sunumu. (t. B. Cezar). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. (Original publication date, 1959)
  • Grashuis, J., Skevas, T., & Segovia, M. S. (2020). Grocery shopping preferences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 12(13), 5369.
  • Hall, E. T. (1959). The silent language. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hall, E. T. (1966). The hidden dimension. New York: Doubleday.
  • Li, J., Hallsworth, A. G., & Coca‐Stefaniak, J. A. (2020). Changing grocery shopping behaviours among Chinese consumers at the outset of the COVID‐19 outbreak. Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 111(3), 574-583.
  • Little, K. B. (1965). Personal space. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.
  • Morgan, B. (2020, December 14) 3 Lasting Changes to Grocery Shopping After Covid-19, Forbes. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/blakemorgan/2020/12/14/3-lasting-changes-to-grocery-shopping-after-covid-19/?sh=5cafbe8454e7
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, (2020), Covid-19 Salgın Yönetimi Ve Çalışma Rehberi Retrieved from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39265/0/covid-19salginyonetimivecalismarehberipdf.pdf
  • Sabri Ulker Vakfi. (2020). Salgin Hastaliklara Karsi Saglikli Yasam Rehberi, Retrieved from: https://sabriulkerfoundation.org/tr/pdf/salgin_hastaliklara_karsi_saglikli_yasam_rehberi.pdf
  • Shields, R., Schillmeier, M., Lloyd, J., & Van Loon, J. (2020). 6 feet apart: spaces and cultures of quarantine.
  • Sommer, R. (1974). Looking back at personal space. In Jon Lang et al. eds., 202-309.
  • Sommer, R. (2002). Personal space in a digital age. Handbook of environmental psychology, 647-660.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2018). Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Zlutnick, S., & Altman, I. (1972). Crowding and human behavior.

THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 11 - 22, 06.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.20854/bujse.1001630

Abstract

Covid-19 has reshaped the daily lives of people all around the world. Many regulations and changes have been made by the authorities in order to reduce the risk of transmission of the virus. Significantly, the regulations made by the government aim to reduce the number of people per square meter in closed areas and to increase the social distance between people. These regulations bring along new personal space and crowding perceptions. In this context, people's behaviors in many public spaces, from public transportation to grocery shopping, have gained a new texture. This change not only changed the perspective of the place but also caused a change in the perspective of people for one another. In this paper, environmental regulations aiming to adapt people's behaviors to social distance due to Covid-19 are examined in terms of personal space and crowding concepts. The purpose is to conduct an online interview with a retrospective approach and present the data as a narrative to determine the participants' perceptions of the random sampling method about personal space and crowding concepts before and after the pandemic. The research data were analyzed using the content analysis method in the QRS Nvivo qualitative data analysis program. In the results of the study, it was revealed that people's need for personal space in closed areas increased, and the crowding perception differed from the pre-pandemic due to psychological reasons through the example of grocery shopping.

References

  • Aiello, J. R., & Thompson, D. E. (1980). Personal space, crowding, and spatial behavior in a cultural context. In Environment and culture (pp. 107-178). Springer, Boston, MA.
  • Bazeley, P. Ve Jackson, K. (2019). Nvivo ile Nitel Veri Analizi, (t. Bakla, A., Demir, S. B.) Anı Yayıncılık, Ankara. (Original publication date, 2013)
  • Chang, H. H., & Meyerhoefer, C. D. (2020). COVID‐19 and the Demand for Online Food Shopping Services: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan. American Journal of Agricultural Economics.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  • Corbin, J. and Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, SAGE Publications, Washington DC.
  • Dosey, M. A., & Meisels, M. (1969). Personal space and self-protection. Journal of personality and social psychology, 11(2), 93.
  • Epstein, Y. M. (1981). Crowding stress and human behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 37(1), 126-144.
  • Freedman, J. L. (1975). Crowding and behavior. San Francisco, CA: W. H. Freeman.
  • Goffman E. (2020). Günlük Yaşamda Benliğin Sunumu. (t. B. Cezar). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. (Original publication date, 1959)
  • Grashuis, J., Skevas, T., & Segovia, M. S. (2020). Grocery shopping preferences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 12(13), 5369.
  • Hall, E. T. (1959). The silent language. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hall, E. T. (1966). The hidden dimension. New York: Doubleday.
  • Li, J., Hallsworth, A. G., & Coca‐Stefaniak, J. A. (2020). Changing grocery shopping behaviours among Chinese consumers at the outset of the COVID‐19 outbreak. Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 111(3), 574-583.
  • Little, K. B. (1965). Personal space. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.
  • Morgan, B. (2020, December 14) 3 Lasting Changes to Grocery Shopping After Covid-19, Forbes. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/blakemorgan/2020/12/14/3-lasting-changes-to-grocery-shopping-after-covid-19/?sh=5cafbe8454e7
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, (2020), Covid-19 Salgın Yönetimi Ve Çalışma Rehberi Retrieved from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39265/0/covid-19salginyonetimivecalismarehberipdf.pdf
  • Sabri Ulker Vakfi. (2020). Salgin Hastaliklara Karsi Saglikli Yasam Rehberi, Retrieved from: https://sabriulkerfoundation.org/tr/pdf/salgin_hastaliklara_karsi_saglikli_yasam_rehberi.pdf
  • Shields, R., Schillmeier, M., Lloyd, J., & Van Loon, J. (2020). 6 feet apart: spaces and cultures of quarantine.
  • Sommer, R. (1974). Looking back at personal space. In Jon Lang et al. eds., 202-309.
  • Sommer, R. (2002). Personal space in a digital age. Handbook of environmental psychology, 647-660.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2018). Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Zlutnick, S., & Altman, I. (1972). Crowding and human behavior.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Betül Şahin 0000-0001-6653-3246

Publication Date July 6, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Şahin, B. (2022). THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING. Beykent Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.20854/bujse.1001630
AMA Şahin B. THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING. BUJSE. July 2022;15(1):11-22. doi:10.20854/bujse.1001630
Chicago Şahin, Betül. “THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING”. Beykent Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 15, no. 1 (July 2022): 11-22. https://doi.org/10.20854/bujse.1001630.
EndNote Şahin B (July 1, 2022) THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING. Beykent Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 15 1 11–22.
IEEE B. Şahin, “THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING”, BUJSE, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 11–22, 2022, doi: 10.20854/bujse.1001630.
ISNAD Şahin, Betül. “THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING”. Beykent Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 15/1 (July 2022), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.20854/bujse.1001630.
JAMA Şahin B. THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING. BUJSE. 2022;15:11–22.
MLA Şahin, Betül. “THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING”. Beykent Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 1, 2022, pp. 11-22, doi:10.20854/bujse.1001630.
Vancouver Şahin B. THE PERCEPTION OF CROWDING AND PERSONAL SPACE DURING COVID-19: AN EXAMPLE OF GROCERY SHOPPING. BUJSE. 2022;15(1):11-22.