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HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER

Yıl 1967, Cilt: 68 Sayı: 68, 1 - 26, 01.09.1967

Bülent Ağralı Erol Akyol

Öz

Hazro'daki iki gölsel horizonun muhtelif seviyelerinden alınan yirmibeş adet kömür numunesinin palinolojik incelenmesi, Permien yaşlı zengin bir mikrofloranın tanınmasını ve Palinoloji literatürü için yeni birçok formun tarif edilmesini sağlamıştır. Şimdiye kadar Karbonifere ithal edilen «alt gölsel horizon» un yaşı Alt Artinskien ( = Autunien), Üst Permien olarak kabul edilen «üst gölsel horizon» un yaşı ise Üst Artinskien veya Kungurienin tabanı olarak tespit edilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

HAZRO KÖMÜRLER PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ PERMO-KARBONİFER

Kaynakça

  • AĞRALI, B. (1964) : Etude des microspores du Namurien â Tarla-Ağzı (Bassin houiller d'Amasra, Turguie). Ann. Soc. geol. Nord. t. 83, Lille.
  • (1964) : Nouveau genre et especes nouvelles de sporomorphes du bassin houiller d'Amasra, Turquie. C. R. Acad. Sci, t. 258, pp. 5023-5026, Paris.
  • (1964) : Contribution â l'etude palynologique des bassins houillers turcs. Etude des microspores du bassin d'Amasra (secteur Nord). Applications. These de r Univ. de Lille.
  • ; AKYOL, E. & KONYALI, Y. (1965) : Preuves palynologiques de l'existcnce du Dogger dans la region de Bayburt. M.T.A. Bull no. 65, Ankara.
  • ; AKYOL, E.; KONYALI, Y.; CORSİN, P. M. & LAVEINE, J.-P. (1965) : Nouvelles formes de spores et pollens provenant de charbons primaires et tertiaires de divers gisements turcs. Ann. Soc. geol. Nord, t. 85, Lille.
  • AKYOL, E. (1963) : Etude palynologique de cinq veines de houille de Gelik et de deux veines de lignite de Soma. These de 3e cycle, Lille.
  • ALPERN, E. (1958) : Description de quelques microspores du Permo-Carbonifere français. Revue de Micropal., v. l, no. 2, Paris.
  • (1959) : Contribution â l etude palynologique et petrographique des charbons français. These Fac. Sci. Univ. Paris.
  • ALTINLI, İ. E. (1963) : 1:500 000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritası, Erzurum Paftası izahnamesi. M.T.A. Yayınl, Ankara.
  • ARTÜZ, S. (1957): Die Sporae dispersae der Türkischen Steinkohle von Zonguldak-Gebiet (Mit besonderer Beachtung der neuen Arten und Genera). Rev. Fac. Sci. Univ. İstanbul, ser. B, v. 22, fasc. 4.
  • BALME, B. E. (1952) : On some specimens from British Upper Carboniferous coals. Geol. Mag., v. 89.
  • & HENNELLY, J. P. F. (1955) : Bisaccate sporomorphs from Australian Permian coals. Austr. Jour. Bot., v. 3, no. 1.
  • & (1956) : Monolete, monocolpate alete sporomorphs from Australian Permian sediments. Austr. Jour. Bot., v. 4, no. 1.
  • BHARDWAJ, D. C. (1955) : The Spore genera from the Upper Carboniferous coals of the Saar and their value in Stratigraphical Studies. The Palaeobotanist, v. 4, Lucknow.
  • (1957) : The palynological investigations of the Saar coals. Part I. Morphography of Sporae dispersae. Palaeontographica, B. 101, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • (1957) : The spore flora of Velener Schichten (Lower Westphalian D) in the Ruhr coal measures. Palaeontographica. B. 102, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • & KREMP, G. O. W. (1955) : Die Sporenführung der Velener Schichten des Ruhrkarbons. Geol. Jb., B. 71, Hannover.
  • & VENKATACHALA, B. S. (1957) : Microfloristic evindence on the boundary betvveen the Carboniferous and Permian systems in Pfalz (W. Germany). The Palaeobotanist, v. 6, no. l, Lucknovv.
  • BUTTERWORTH, M. A. & WILLIAMS, R. W. (1958) : The small spore floras of coals in the Limestone coal group and Upper Limestone group of the Lovver Carboniferous of Scotland. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, v. 63, pt. 2, no. 17.
  • CHAZAN, W. (1948) : Hazru-Eğil bölgesinde jeolojik müşahedeler, Türk. Jeol. Kur. Bült. cilt L, sayı l, Ankara.
  • CHITALEY, S. D. (1951) : Fossil microflora from the Lovver Gondwanas of India and Australia. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India, v. 17, no. 5, Delhi.
  • CORSİN, P.; CARETTE, J.; DANZE, J. & LAVEINE, J.-P. (1962) : dassification des spores ct des polleni du Carbonifere au Lias. C. R. Acad. Sci., t. 254, p. 3062-3065, Paris.
  • COUPER, R. A. (1958) : Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains. A Systematic and Stratigraphic study. Palaeontographica, B. 103, Abt. B. Stuttgart.
  • DANZE, J. & LAVEINE, J.-P. (1962) : Etude de quelqucs sporomorphes du Stephanien de Grand-Croix. C. R. Acad. Sci., t. 254, p. 3735-3736, Paris.
  • & (1963) : Etude palynologique d'une argile provenant de la limite Lias-Dogger, dans un sondage â Boulogne-sur-Mer. Ann. Soc. geol. Nord, t. 83, Lille.
  • DAUGHERTY, L. H. (1941) : The Upper Triassic flora of Arizona. Carnegie Inst. Washington, Contr. Paleont., publ. 526.
  • DOUBINGER, J. (1957) : Presence de pollens «monocolpates» dans un charbon du bassin de Decazeville (Aveyron). Ann. Soc. geol. Nord, t. 67, Lille.
  • (1959) : Palynologie et paleobotanique. Pollen et Spores, v. l, no. 2, Paris.
  • DOUBINGER, J. (1964) : Palynologische Untersuchungen an Stefan-Kohlen von Decazeville. Fort. Geol. Rheinl. u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • DULHUNTY, J. A. (1945) : Principal microspore types in the Permian coals of New South Wales. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., v. 70, Sidney.
  • (1949) : Notes on microspore-types in Tasmanian Permian coals. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. v. 74, Sidney.
  • (1947) : Distribution of microspore types in New South Wales. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.t v. 71. Sidney.
  • DYBOVA, S. & JACHOWICZ, A. (1957) : Microspores of the Upper Silesian coal measure». Inst. Geol. Prace, v 23, Varsovie.
  • EGERAN, N. & LAHN, E. (1948) : Türkiye Jeolojisi. Ankara.
  • ERENTÖZ, C. (1956) : Türkiye jeolojisi üzerine genel bir bakış. M.T.A. Derg. no. 48, Ankara.
  • FLORİN, R. (1940) : Die Koniferen des Oberkarbons und des Unteren Perms. Palaeontographica, B. 85, Stuttgart.
  • GOSH, A.K. & SEN, J. (1948) : A study of the microfossils and the Correlation of some productive coal seams of the Raniganj Coalfield, Bengal, India. Trans. Min. Geol. Met. Inst. India, v. 43, Calcutta.
  • GREBE, H. (1957) : Zur Mikroflora des niederrheinischen Zechsteins. Geol. Jb., B. 73, Hannover.
  • & SCHWEITZER, H.-J. (1964) : Die Sporae dispersae des niederrheinischen Zechsteins. Fort. Geol. Rheinld, u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • HOEG, O. A. & BOSE, M.N. (1960) : The Glossopteris flora of the Belgian Congo, with a note on some fossil plants from Zambesi basin (Mozambique). Ann. Musee Royal Congo Belge; Sci. geol., ser. 8, v. 32, Tervuren.
  • İBRAHİM-OKAY, A.C. & ARTÜZ, S. (1964) : Die Mikrosporen der Steinkohlenflöze Domuzcu und Çay. Fort. Geol. Rheinld. u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • IMGRUND, R. (1960) : Sporae dispersae des Kaipingbeckens. Geol. Jb., B. 77, Hannover.
  • JACHOWICZ, A. (1958) : Stratigraphical problems in the Upper Silesian productive Carboniferous in view of microspore investigations. Kwart. Geol., t. 2, no. 3, Varsovie.
  • JANSONIUS, J. (1962) : Palynology of Permian and Triassic sediments, Peace River Area, Western Canada. Palaeontographica, B. 110, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • KLAUS, W. (1955) : Über die Sporendiagnose des deutschen Zechsteinsalzes und des alpinen Salzgebirges. Deutsche geol. Gesell. Ztsch. B. 105.
  • KONYALI, Y. (1963) : Contribution â l'etude des microspores du bassin houiller d'Amasra (Secteur Sud). Thise de 3e cycle, Lille.
  • KOSANKE, R.M. (1943) : The characteristic plant microfossils of the Pittsburgh and Pomeroy coals of Ohio. Amer. Midl. Natur., v. 29, no. 1.
  • (1950) : Pennsylvanian spores of lllinois and their use in Correlation, lllinois State Geol. Surv. Bull., 74, Urbana.
  • KRAEUSEL, R. & LESCHIK, G. (1955) : Die Keuperflora von Neuewelt bei Basel, II. Die Isound Mikrosporen. Schw. Palaeont. Abh., B. 72.
  • KRUTZSCH, W. (1959) : Mikropalâontologische (Sporenpalâontologische) Untersuchungen in der Braunkohle des Geiseltales. Geologie, Jahrgang 8, Bht. 21/22, Berlin.
  • LEBKÜCHNER, R.F. (1961) : Bericht über die detailgeologischen und lagerstâttenkundlichen Untersuchungen im kohlenhöffigen Gebiet der Antiklinale von Hazro-Diyarbakır. M.T.A. Rep. (unpublished) Ankara.
  • (1965) : Bericht über die detailgeologischen und lagerstâttenkundlichen Untersuchungen im engeren Steinkohlengebiet von Diyarbakır-Hazro nebst Bohrvorschlâgen. M.T.A. Rep. (unpublished). Ankara.
  • LESCHIK, G. (1956) : Sporen aus dem Salzton des Zechsteins von Neuhof (bei Fulda). Palaeontographica, B. 100, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • LUBER, A. A. (1955) : Atlas des spores et des pollens des sediments paleozoîques du Kazakhstan. Acad. Sci. SSR Kazakh., Alma-Ata.
  • & WALTZ, J.E. (1938) : dassification and Stratigraphical value of some Carboniferous coal deposits in the USSR. Trans. Centr. Geol. Prosp. Inst., v. 105, Moscou.
  • & (1941) : Atlas of microspores and pollen grains of the Paleozoic of the USSR. V.S.E.G.E.I., fasc. 139.
  • MADLER, K. (1964) : Sporenformen aus dem Keuper und Unteren Lias. Fort. Geol. Rheinld. u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • NAUMOVA, S.N. (1937) : Spores and pollen of the coals of the USSR. Rep. XVII. Internat. Geol. Congr., t. l, Moscou.
  • PANT, D.D. (1955) : On two new disaccate spores from the Bacchus Marsh Tillite, Victoria, Australia. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 12, v. 8, no. 94.
  • POCOCK, S.A.J. (1962) : Microfloral analysis and age determination of Strata at the JurassicCretaceous boundary in the Western Canada plains. Palaeontographica, B. 111, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • POTONIE, R. : Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae. I. Beih. Geol. Jb., no. 23, Hannover 1956; II. İbid, no. 31, Hannover 1958; III. İbid, no. 39, Hannover 1960.
  • & KLAUS, W. (1954) : Einige Sporengattungen des alpinen Salzgebirges. Geol. Jb., B. 64, Hannover.
  • & KREMP, G. (1954) : Die Gattungen des palâozoischen Sporae dispersae und ihre Stratigraphie. Geol. Jb., B. 69, Hannover.
  • 64 & KREMP, G. : Die Sporae dispersae des Ruhrkarbons, ihre Morphographie und Stratigraphie mit Ausblicken auf Arten anderer Gebiete und Zeitabschnitte. I. Palaeontographica, B. 98, Abt. B, Stuttgart 1955; II. İbid, B. 99, Abt. B, Stuttgart 1956; III. İbid, B. 100, Abt. B, Stuttgart 1956.
  • & LELE, K.M. (1959) : Sporae dispersae from the Talchir beds of South Rewa Gondvvana basin. The Palaeobotanist, v. 8, no. 1-2, Lucknow.
  • SAMOİLOVİCH, S.R. (1953) : Pollen and Sporesfrom Permian deposits of Cherdyn and Aktyubinsk, Ural region. V.N.I.G.R.I., v. 75.
  • (1961) : Pollen and spores from the Permian of the Cis-Urals. Oklahoma Geol. Sury. Bull., 49.
  • STAPLIN, F.L. (1961) : New plant spores similar to Torispora Balme. Jour. Paleontology, v. 35, no. 6.
  • SUKH DEV (1959) : Fossil flora of the Jabalpur series : 3. Spores and pollen grains. Birbal Sahnt Inst. Palaeobotany, v. 8, no. 1-2, Lucknow.
  • TOLUN, N. (1949) : Silvan ve Hazru mıntakası hakkında jeolojik notlar. Türk. Jeol Kur. Bült., cilt II, sayı, l, Ankara.
  • VIRKKI, G. (1937) : On the occurrence of winged spores in the Lower Gondvvana rocks of India and Australia. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., sec. B, v. 6.
  • (1946) : Spores from the Lovver Gondwanas of India and Australia. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India, v. 15.
  • WAGNER, R.H. (1959) : Une flöre permienne d'affinites Gathaysiennes et Gondwaniennes en Anatolie sud-orientale. C.R. Acad. Sci.t p. 1379-1381, Paris.
  • WILSON, L.R. (1962) : Permian plant microfossils from the Flowerpot formation, Greer County, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geol Surv. Bull., 49.
  • YAHŞIMAN, K. & ERGÖNÜL, Y. (1959) : Hazru'nun Permien Megasporları. M.T.A. Derg. no. 53. Ankara,

ETUDE PALYNOLOGIQUE DES CHARBONS DE HAZRO ET CONSIDERATIONS SUR L'AGE DES HORIZONS LACUSTRES DU PERMO-CARBONIFERE

Yıl 1967, Cilt: 68 Sayı: 68, 1 - 26, 01.09.1967

Bülent Ağralı Erol Akyol

Öz

L'etude palynologique de vingt-cinq échantillons de charbon prélevés dans les divers niveaux des deux horizons lacustres de Hazro, a permis la connaissance d'une riche microflore d'age Permien. Un grand nombre de formes nouvelles pour la littérature palynologique ont été decrites. L'horizon lacustre inferieur, autrefois considere comme Carbonifere, a ete daté comme Artinskien (Autunien) inferieur et, l'horizon lacustre superieur, naguere rapporte au Permien superieur, comme Artinsk en superieur ou Koungourien inferieur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ETUDE PALYNOLOGIQUE DES CHARBONS DE HAZRO ET CONSIDERATIONS

Kaynakça

  • AĞRALI, B. (1964) : Etude des microspores du Namurien â Tarla-Ağzı (Bassin houiller d'Amasra, Turguie). Ann. Soc. geol. Nord. t. 83, Lille.
  • (1964) : Nouveau genre et especes nouvelles de sporomorphes du bassin houiller d'Amasra, Turquie. C. R. Acad. Sci, t. 258, pp. 5023-5026, Paris.
  • (1964) : Contribution â l'etude palynologique des bassins houillers turcs. Etude des microspores du bassin d'Amasra (secteur Nord). Applications. These de r Univ. de Lille.
  • ; AKYOL, E. & KONYALI, Y. (1965) : Preuves palynologiques de l'existcnce du Dogger dans la region de Bayburt. M.T.A. Bull no. 65, Ankara.
  • ; AKYOL, E.; KONYALI, Y.; CORSİN, P. M. & LAVEINE, J.-P. (1965) : Nouvelles formes de spores et pollens provenant de charbons primaires et tertiaires de divers gisements turcs. Ann. Soc. geol. Nord, t. 85, Lille.
  • AKYOL, E. (1963) : Etude palynologique de cinq veines de houille de Gelik et de deux veines de lignite de Soma. These de 3e cycle, Lille.
  • ALPERN, E. (1958) : Description de quelques microspores du Permo-Carbonifere français. Revue de Micropal., v. l, no. 2, Paris.
  • (1959) : Contribution â l etude palynologique et petrographique des charbons français. These Fac. Sci. Univ. Paris.
  • ALTINLI, İ. E. (1963) : 1:500 000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritası, Erzurum Paftası izahnamesi. M.T.A. Yayınl, Ankara.
  • ARTÜZ, S. (1957): Die Sporae dispersae der Türkischen Steinkohle von Zonguldak-Gebiet (Mit besonderer Beachtung der neuen Arten und Genera). Rev. Fac. Sci. Univ. İstanbul, ser. B, v. 22, fasc. 4.
  • BALME, B. E. (1952) : On some specimens from British Upper Carboniferous coals. Geol. Mag., v. 89.
  • & HENNELLY, J. P. F. (1955) : Bisaccate sporomorphs from Australian Permian coals. Austr. Jour. Bot., v. 3, no. 1.
  • & (1956) : Monolete, monocolpate alete sporomorphs from Australian Permian sediments. Austr. Jour. Bot., v. 4, no. 1.
  • BHARDWAJ, D. C. (1955) : The Spore genera from the Upper Carboniferous coals of the Saar and their value in Stratigraphical Studies. The Palaeobotanist, v. 4, Lucknow.
  • (1957) : The palynological investigations of the Saar coals. Part I. Morphography of Sporae dispersae. Palaeontographica, B. 101, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • (1957) : The spore flora of Velener Schichten (Lower Westphalian D) in the Ruhr coal measures. Palaeontographica. B. 102, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • & KREMP, G. O. W. (1955) : Die Sporenführung der Velener Schichten des Ruhrkarbons. Geol. Jb., B. 71, Hannover.
  • & VENKATACHALA, B. S. (1957) : Microfloristic evindence on the boundary betvveen the Carboniferous and Permian systems in Pfalz (W. Germany). The Palaeobotanist, v. 6, no. l, Lucknovv.
  • BUTTERWORTH, M. A. & WILLIAMS, R. W. (1958) : The small spore floras of coals in the Limestone coal group and Upper Limestone group of the Lovver Carboniferous of Scotland. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, v. 63, pt. 2, no. 17.
  • CHAZAN, W. (1948) : Hazru-Eğil bölgesinde jeolojik müşahedeler, Türk. Jeol. Kur. Bült. cilt L, sayı l, Ankara.
  • CHITALEY, S. D. (1951) : Fossil microflora from the Lovver Gondwanas of India and Australia. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India, v. 17, no. 5, Delhi.
  • CORSİN, P.; CARETTE, J.; DANZE, J. & LAVEINE, J.-P. (1962) : dassification des spores ct des polleni du Carbonifere au Lias. C. R. Acad. Sci., t. 254, p. 3062-3065, Paris.
  • COUPER, R. A. (1958) : Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains. A Systematic and Stratigraphic study. Palaeontographica, B. 103, Abt. B. Stuttgart.
  • DANZE, J. & LAVEINE, J.-P. (1962) : Etude de quelqucs sporomorphes du Stephanien de Grand-Croix. C. R. Acad. Sci., t. 254, p. 3735-3736, Paris.
  • & (1963) : Etude palynologique d'une argile provenant de la limite Lias-Dogger, dans un sondage â Boulogne-sur-Mer. Ann. Soc. geol. Nord, t. 83, Lille.
  • DAUGHERTY, L. H. (1941) : The Upper Triassic flora of Arizona. Carnegie Inst. Washington, Contr. Paleont., publ. 526.
  • DOUBINGER, J. (1957) : Presence de pollens «monocolpates» dans un charbon du bassin de Decazeville (Aveyron). Ann. Soc. geol. Nord, t. 67, Lille.
  • (1959) : Palynologie et paleobotanique. Pollen et Spores, v. l, no. 2, Paris.
  • DOUBINGER, J. (1964) : Palynologische Untersuchungen an Stefan-Kohlen von Decazeville. Fort. Geol. Rheinl. u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • DULHUNTY, J. A. (1945) : Principal microspore types in the Permian coals of New South Wales. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., v. 70, Sidney.
  • (1949) : Notes on microspore-types in Tasmanian Permian coals. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. v. 74, Sidney.
  • (1947) : Distribution of microspore types in New South Wales. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.t v. 71. Sidney.
  • DYBOVA, S. & JACHOWICZ, A. (1957) : Microspores of the Upper Silesian coal measure». Inst. Geol. Prace, v 23, Varsovie.
  • EGERAN, N. & LAHN, E. (1948) : Türkiye Jeolojisi. Ankara.
  • ERENTÖZ, C. (1956) : Türkiye jeolojisi üzerine genel bir bakış. M.T.A. Derg. no. 48, Ankara.
  • FLORİN, R. (1940) : Die Koniferen des Oberkarbons und des Unteren Perms. Palaeontographica, B. 85, Stuttgart.
  • GOSH, A.K. & SEN, J. (1948) : A study of the microfossils and the Correlation of some productive coal seams of the Raniganj Coalfield, Bengal, India. Trans. Min. Geol. Met. Inst. India, v. 43, Calcutta.
  • GREBE, H. (1957) : Zur Mikroflora des niederrheinischen Zechsteins. Geol. Jb., B. 73, Hannover.
  • & SCHWEITZER, H.-J. (1964) : Die Sporae dispersae des niederrheinischen Zechsteins. Fort. Geol. Rheinld, u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • HOEG, O. A. & BOSE, M.N. (1960) : The Glossopteris flora of the Belgian Congo, with a note on some fossil plants from Zambesi basin (Mozambique). Ann. Musee Royal Congo Belge; Sci. geol., ser. 8, v. 32, Tervuren.
  • İBRAHİM-OKAY, A.C. & ARTÜZ, S. (1964) : Die Mikrosporen der Steinkohlenflöze Domuzcu und Çay. Fort. Geol. Rheinld. u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • IMGRUND, R. (1960) : Sporae dispersae des Kaipingbeckens. Geol. Jb., B. 77, Hannover.
  • JACHOWICZ, A. (1958) : Stratigraphical problems in the Upper Silesian productive Carboniferous in view of microspore investigations. Kwart. Geol., t. 2, no. 3, Varsovie.
  • JANSONIUS, J. (1962) : Palynology of Permian and Triassic sediments, Peace River Area, Western Canada. Palaeontographica, B. 110, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • KLAUS, W. (1955) : Über die Sporendiagnose des deutschen Zechsteinsalzes und des alpinen Salzgebirges. Deutsche geol. Gesell. Ztsch. B. 105.
  • KONYALI, Y. (1963) : Contribution â l'etude des microspores du bassin houiller d'Amasra (Secteur Sud). Thise de 3e cycle, Lille.
  • KOSANKE, R.M. (1943) : The characteristic plant microfossils of the Pittsburgh and Pomeroy coals of Ohio. Amer. Midl. Natur., v. 29, no. 1.
  • (1950) : Pennsylvanian spores of lllinois and their use in Correlation, lllinois State Geol. Surv. Bull., 74, Urbana.
  • KRAEUSEL, R. & LESCHIK, G. (1955) : Die Keuperflora von Neuewelt bei Basel, II. Die Isound Mikrosporen. Schw. Palaeont. Abh., B. 72.
  • KRUTZSCH, W. (1959) : Mikropalâontologische (Sporenpalâontologische) Untersuchungen in der Braunkohle des Geiseltales. Geologie, Jahrgang 8, Bht. 21/22, Berlin.
  • LEBKÜCHNER, R.F. (1961) : Bericht über die detailgeologischen und lagerstâttenkundlichen Untersuchungen im kohlenhöffigen Gebiet der Antiklinale von Hazro-Diyarbakır. M.T.A. Rep. (unpublished) Ankara.
  • (1965) : Bericht über die detailgeologischen und lagerstâttenkundlichen Untersuchungen im engeren Steinkohlengebiet von Diyarbakır-Hazro nebst Bohrvorschlâgen. M.T.A. Rep. (unpublished). Ankara.
  • LESCHIK, G. (1956) : Sporen aus dem Salzton des Zechsteins von Neuhof (bei Fulda). Palaeontographica, B. 100, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • LUBER, A. A. (1955) : Atlas des spores et des pollens des sediments paleozoîques du Kazakhstan. Acad. Sci. SSR Kazakh., Alma-Ata.
  • & WALTZ, J.E. (1938) : dassification and Stratigraphical value of some Carboniferous coal deposits in the USSR. Trans. Centr. Geol. Prosp. Inst., v. 105, Moscou.
  • & (1941) : Atlas of microspores and pollen grains of the Paleozoic of the USSR. V.S.E.G.E.I., fasc. 139.
  • MADLER, K. (1964) : Sporenformen aus dem Keuper und Unteren Lias. Fort. Geol. Rheinld. u. Westf., B. 12, Krefeld.
  • NAUMOVA, S.N. (1937) : Spores and pollen of the coals of the USSR. Rep. XVII. Internat. Geol. Congr., t. l, Moscou.
  • PANT, D.D. (1955) : On two new disaccate spores from the Bacchus Marsh Tillite, Victoria, Australia. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 12, v. 8, no. 94.
  • POCOCK, S.A.J. (1962) : Microfloral analysis and age determination of Strata at the JurassicCretaceous boundary in the Western Canada plains. Palaeontographica, B. 111, Abt. B, Stuttgart.
  • POTONIE, R. : Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae. I. Beih. Geol. Jb., no. 23, Hannover 1956; II. İbid, no. 31, Hannover 1958; III. İbid, no. 39, Hannover 1960.
  • & KLAUS, W. (1954) : Einige Sporengattungen des alpinen Salzgebirges. Geol. Jb., B. 64, Hannover.
  • & KREMP, G. (1954) : Die Gattungen des palâozoischen Sporae dispersae und ihre Stratigraphie. Geol. Jb., B. 69, Hannover.
  • 64 & KREMP, G. : Die Sporae dispersae des Ruhrkarbons, ihre Morphographie und Stratigraphie mit Ausblicken auf Arten anderer Gebiete und Zeitabschnitte. I. Palaeontographica, B. 98, Abt. B, Stuttgart 1955; II. İbid, B. 99, Abt. B, Stuttgart 1956; III. İbid, B. 100, Abt. B, Stuttgart 1956.
  • & LELE, K.M. (1959) : Sporae dispersae from the Talchir beds of South Rewa Gondvvana basin. The Palaeobotanist, v. 8, no. 1-2, Lucknow.
  • SAMOİLOVİCH, S.R. (1953) : Pollen and Sporesfrom Permian deposits of Cherdyn and Aktyubinsk, Ural region. V.N.I.G.R.I., v. 75.
  • (1961) : Pollen and spores from the Permian of the Cis-Urals. Oklahoma Geol. Sury. Bull., 49.
  • STAPLIN, F.L. (1961) : New plant spores similar to Torispora Balme. Jour. Paleontology, v. 35, no. 6.
  • SUKH DEV (1959) : Fossil flora of the Jabalpur series : 3. Spores and pollen grains. Birbal Sahnt Inst. Palaeobotany, v. 8, no. 1-2, Lucknow.
  • TOLUN, N. (1949) : Silvan ve Hazru mıntakası hakkında jeolojik notlar. Türk. Jeol Kur. Bült., cilt II, sayı, l, Ankara.
  • VIRKKI, G. (1937) : On the occurrence of winged spores in the Lower Gondvvana rocks of India and Australia. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., sec. B, v. 6.
  • (1946) : Spores from the Lovver Gondwanas of India and Australia. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India, v. 15.
  • WAGNER, R.H. (1959) : Une flöre permienne d'affinites Gathaysiennes et Gondwaniennes en Anatolie sud-orientale. C.R. Acad. Sci.t p. 1379-1381, Paris.
  • WILSON, L.R. (1962) : Permian plant microfossils from the Flowerpot formation, Greer County, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geol Surv. Bull., 49.
  • YAHŞIMAN, K. & ERGÖNÜL, Y. (1959) : Hazru'nun Permien Megasporları. M.T.A. Derg. no. 53. Ankara,
Toplam 75 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Bülent Ağralı Bu kişi benim

Erol Akyol Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 1967
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 1967 Cilt: 68 Sayı: 68

Kaynak Göster

APA Ağralı, B., & Akyol, E. (1967). HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 68(68), 1-26.
AMA Ağralı B, Akyol E. HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. Eylül 1967;68(68):1-26.
Chicago Ağralı, Bülent, ve Erol Akyol. “HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 68, sy. 68 (Eylül 1967): 1-26.
EndNote Ağralı B, Akyol E (01 Eylül 1967) HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 68 68 1–26.
IEEE B. Ağralı ve E. Akyol, “HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., c. 68, sy. 68, ss. 1–26, 1967.
ISNAD Ağralı, Bülent - Akyol, Erol. “HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 68/68 (Eylül 1967), 1-26.
JAMA Ağralı B, Akyol E. HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 1967;68:1–26.
MLA Ağralı, Bülent ve Erol Akyol. “HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, c. 68, sy. 68, 1967, ss. 1-26.
Vancouver Ağralı B, Akyol E. HAZRO KÖMÜRLERİNİN PALİNOLOJİK İNCELENMESİ VE PERMO-KARBONİFERDEKİ GÖLSEL HORİZONLARIN YAŞI HAKKINDA DÜŞÜNCELER. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 1967;68(68):1-26.

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