TECTONIC ZONES OF THE CAUCASUS AND THEIR CONTINUATIONS IN THE NORTH-EASTERN OF TURKEY : A CORRELATION

Year 1989, Volume: 109 Issue: 109, 64 - 64, 01.02.1989

Ali Yılmaz

Abstract

The study area covers the Caucasus and the northeastern Turkey. Tectonic zones of the Caucasus and their continuations
in the northeastern Turkey, and also the relationships, lateral variations, similarities and differences of the both district,
will be presented. On the basis of the main geologic characteristics, the rock units of the Caucasus are divided into the tectonic
zones. Each zone has pre-Liassic, Liassic and post Liassic units reflecting different geotectonic environment. The northern part
named as the Great Caucasus, the southern part as the Lesser Caucasus, median part as the Transcaucasus of the Caucasus was
bordered by the Scythian platform to the north and by the Iranian platform to the south. The tectonic zones of the Great Caucasus
lie from north to south are presented below: the Laba-Malka zone (the Bechasinian Subzone and the Forerange Subzone), the
Main Range zone, the Southern Slope zone. The Gagra-DJava zone and the Drizula massif and its covers are situated to the north,
the Somcheti-Kafan (Karabakh) zone to the south and the Adjara-Trialetian and Talysh zones which are the continuation of each
other are between the zones of the Transcaucasus. The ophiolitic belt (the Sevan-Akeran Ophiolitic zone to the north, the Vedi
Ophiolitic zone to the south) of the Lesser Caucasus and the Miskhan-Zangezur zone and the Araks zone of the northern part of
Iranian platform have been differentiated. The Caucasus tectonic zones are bordered by the overthurst planes dipping 70-80
degrees to the north. The Oligocene-Recent molasse showing enormous lateral and vertical facial changes, sits upon the rocks of
the tectonic zone conformably or unconformably, in places. The results, presented below, can be obtained by the correlation of
the Caucasus tectonic zones and tectonic zones of northeastern Turkey: 1- The tectonic zones of the Great Caucasus and northern
part of the Transcaucasus can not be followed in the northeastern Turkey. 2- The Adjara-Trialetian zone continues along the Black
Sea Shores. 3- The Somcheti-Kafan (Karabakh) zone, which is southern part of the Transcaucasus corresponds to the Pontian
zone. But, considerable differences on the basis of the stratigraphic sequence and facial changes are observed in the both sides of
the zone. 4- The Lesser Caucasus ophiolitic belt corresponds to the North Anatolian ophiolitic belt. There are two subzones, one
of them is to the north and another is to the south, showing similarities in both side of the belt. 5- Iranian platform of the Lesser
Caucasus corresponds to the Taurus platform, in general. Pre-Liassic Miskhan-Zangezur zone of Iranian platform corresponds to
the Central and East Anatolian massifs the Araks zone to the Taurus zone respectively. If the corresponding tectonic zones of the
Caucasus and northeastern Turkey are correlated, considerable facial changes as well as the similarities are observed. A lot of the
differences result in the lateral and vertical changes of the zones.

Keywords

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