INVESTIGATION OF 65+ INDIVIDUALS' DIGITAL SKILLS IN TERMS OF VARIOUS VARIABLES

Abstract

Aging is a period in which individuals experience changes in their physical, cognitive, and social abilities, and these changes affect their interactions with digital technologies. The digital competencies of individuals aged 65 and over are important in terms of their understanding of the role of technology in daily life and their effective use. This study aimed to determine the digital competencies of 142 individuals enrolled in Sinop 3rd Age University. In the mixed-method study, quantitative data were collected with the “Digital Competency Inventory” and qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used to analyze the data. In the study, it was found that problem-solving competency scores differed according to educational status; information literacy, communication, security, and problem-solving scores showed a significant relationship with social media use; and information literacy scores showed a significant relationship with negative experiences on the internet. In addition, a significant difference was found between digital competence scores and individuals' beliefs that daily tasks will be carried out over the internet in the future. Qualitative findings show that individuals use digital devices for purposes such as social media, communication, banking, shopping, reading news, and searching for information. Technical problems and security concerns are the main challenges in the usage process. The motivation sources of individuals over 65 years of age for using digital technologies are curiosity and convenience. Individuals have high expectations of using digital devices independently and adapting to new technologies in the future. Accordingly, digital literacy training should be designed by the characteristics of older individuals, and technologies for older adults should focus on accessibility and simplicity.

Keywords

• Digital Literacy
• Digital Skills
• Age 65 and over
• 3rd Age University
• Old Age

65 YAŞ ÜSTÜ BİREYLERİN DİJİTAL BECERİLERİNİN ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Yaşlılık, bireylerin fiziksel, bilişsel ve sosyal yeteneklerinde değişimlerin yaşandığı bir dönem olup, bu değişimler dijital teknolojilerle etkileşimlerini etkilemektedir. 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin dijital becerileri, teknolojinin günlük yaşamdaki rolünü anlamaları ve etkin kullanımları açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Sinop Üçüncü Yaş Üniversitesi’ne kayıtlı 142 bireyin dijital becerilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karma yöntemle tasarlanan araştırmada nicel veriler “Dijital Yetkinlik Envanteri” ile, nitel veriler ise yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerle toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis H testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, problem çözme beceri puanlarının eğitim durumlarına göre farklılık gösterdiği; bilgi okur-yazarlığı, iletişim, güvenlik ve problem çözme puanlarının sosyal medya kullanımıyla; bilgi okur-yazarlığı puanlarının ise internette olumsuz deneyimlerle anlamlı bir ilişki gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, dijital beceri puanları ile bireylerin gelecekte internet üzerinden günlük işlerin yürütüleceğine olan inançları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Nitel bulgular, bireylerin dijital cihazları sosyal medya, haberleşme, bankacılık, alışveriş, haber okuma ve bilgi arama gibi amaçlarla kullandığını göstermektedir. Teknik sorunlar ve güvenlik endişeleri, kullanım sürecindeki temel zorluklardır. 65 yaş üstü bireylerin dijital teknolojileri kullanmadaki motivasyon kaynakları ise merak ve kolaylık sağlamadır. Bireylerin gelecekte dijital cihazları bağımsız kullanma ve yeni teknolojilere uyum sağlama beklentisi yüksektir. Bu doğrultuda, dijital okuryazarlık eğitimleri yaşlı bireylerin özelliklerine uygun şekilde tasarlanmalı ve yaşlılara yönelik teknolojiler erişilebilirlik ve sadeliğe odaklanmalıdır.

Keywords

• Dijital Okuryazarlık
• Dijital Beceri
• 65 Yaş ve Üstü
• Üçüncü Yaş Üniversitesi
• Yaşlılık

Ethical Statement

ÇALIŞMANIN ETİK İZNİ Yapılan bu çalışmada “Yükseköğretim Kurumları Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Yönergesi” kapsamında uyulması belirtilen tüm kurallara uyulmuştur. Yönergenin ikinci bölümü olan “Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine Aykırı Eylemler” başlığı altında belirtilen eylemlerden hiçbiri gerçekleştirilmemiştir. Etik kurul izin bilgileri Etik değerlendirmeyi yapan kurul adı: Sinop Üniversitesi İnsan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulu Etik değerlendirme kararının tarihi: 28 Mart 2024 Etik değerlendirme belgesi sayı numarası: 2024/71 ARAŞTIRMACILARIN KATKI ORANI 1.yazarın araştırmaya katkı oranı %100 Yazar 1: Yazar çalışmanın literatür taraması, verilerinin toplanması, verilerin analiz edilmesi, çalışmanın bulgularının sunulması ve tartışılması gibi çalışmanın tüm sürecini tek başına gerçekleştirmiştir. ÇATIŞMA BEYANI Araştırmada herhangi bir kişi ya da kurum ile finansal ya da kişisel yönden bağlantı bulunmamaktadır. Araştırmada herhangi bir çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır.

Thanks

Çalışmanın veri toplama sürecinde desteklerini esirgemeyen Sinop Üniversitesi yönetimine ve 2023-2024 Eğitim Öğretim Yılında Sinop 3. Yaş Üniversitesine kayıtlı 65 yaş üstü öğrencilerine teşekkür ederim.

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