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TÜRK HALK ŞİİRİNDE TOPLUMSAL DOĞALARIN TRAJEDİSİ: ‘ÇİTLEME AĞITLARI’

Year 2018, Volume: 16 Issue: 1/2, 47 - 92, 16.05.2018

Abstract

İnsan-doğa
ilişkilerinin temel yönlerinden biri insanların sosyoekololojik kayıplara
verdikleri duygusal ve şiirsel tepkilerdir. Bu çalışma Türk halk çevreciliğinde
toprak ve su gibi müşterek varlıkları bir yandan devletin veya özel şirketlerin
çitlemesi sonucu, diğer yandan da küresel endüstriyel kapitalizmin yayılmasının
dayattığı ekolojik talan ve yıkıma karşı, yok edilen toplumsal doğalar için
yazılan ekoşiirle, ‘çitleme ağıtlarıyla’ ilgilidir. Edebiyatta, acının evrensel
dili ağıt, bir ölümün ardından duyulan hüznü ifade etmek için yazılan kayıp ve
yas şiiridir. Çitleme ağıtları ise, belli bir mekânın-doğanın ve insanının
üzerinde çitlemelerin yarattığı sosyoekolojik yıkımlara yönelik öfke ve
tesellisi olmayan bir kayıp hissinin birleştiği bir ağıt tarzı, bir grup
toplumsal protesto ve matem şiirileridir. Çitleme, hem topluma hem de doğaya
yönelik özel bir tehdidi temsil eder ve çitleme ağıtları, türünün özelliği gereği
halk şiirinde sosyoekolojik duyarlılığı en fazla ve farkındalığı en güçlü olan
şiir tarzıdır.



Doğa yazınının her
türünde doğanın kaybedilişine ve yıkımına ilişkin bir yakınma ve öfke varsa da
ekolojik elemin ve yasın isyanının, şiirde ve özellikle çitleme ağıtlarında
zirvesine ulaştığı görülür. Her ağıt bölgesel bir sosyoekolojik kriz ve
trajedinin, endüstriyel müdahalenin doğal, insan ve insan dışı dünyamızda
yarattığı acıların dökümünü yapar. Bu şiirler toplumun kenarındaki ıstırap
çeken doğaya ve insan yaşamına ilişkin çarpıcı imgeler içerir, toplumsal
eleştiri ve insan ve ekoloji, eşitsizlik ve adaletsizlik arasındaki ilişkilere
farklı anlayışlar getirir. Toplumsal ve ekolojik kaygılar tüm ağıtların içkin
ve belirgin özellikleri olarak öne çıkar.
Şair hem belli bir
yerin ve hem de halkının nasıl yıkıma uğratıldığını, çevresel çöküşten önceki
ve sonraki yaşamı, çitlemelerin sebep olduğu yıkımı belgeler.    



Amacı, edebȋ bir tür
olarak Türk halk şiirinde ağıtların şimdiye kadar incelenmemiş yeni bir tarzı,
çitleme ağıtları üzerinden ekolojik boyutunun sistematik bir analizini yapmak
olan bu çalışmada sanal kartopu tekniği ile Türkiye’nin farklı yerelliklerinden
toplanan şiirler arasından seçilmiş ağıt tarzındaki yedi tane yerel doğa ve
ekoloji şiirinin ekopolitik, ekoeleştirel ve yeni halk bilimsel bir
perspektiften değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.

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Year 2018, Volume: 16 Issue: 1/2, 47 - 92, 16.05.2018

Abstract

References

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Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nejdet Özberk

Publication Date May 16, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 16 Issue: 1/2

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APA Özberk, N. (2018). TÜRK HALK ŞİİRİNDE TOPLUMSAL DOĞALARIN TRAJEDİSİ: ‘ÇİTLEME AĞITLARI’. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(1/2), 47-92. https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.424058