Acute Effects of Morning and Evening Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (Level 1) on Hematological Parameters in Soccer Players

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the acute effect of the morning and evening Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test on level 1 (YIRT1) hematological parameters. Eighteen male soccer player volunteers from Serinhisar soccer team who played in the Denizli Super Amateur league participated voluntarily. YIRT1 was applied to the athletes on two different days, morning and evening. Blood samples were collected before, during and 2 hours after the test. During the test, the total distance was recorded. At the end of the test, lactate values were measured. Leukocyte (WBC), Neutrophil (NEU), Neutrophil percent (NEU %), Lymphocyte (LYM), Lymphocyte percent (LYM %), Erythrocyte (RBC), Hemoglobin (HGB), Hematocrit (HCT) and Platelet (PLT) values were examined for complete blood count. In the statistical analysis, the normality distribution of the data was examined with Shapiro-Wilk test. Since the data showed a normal distribution, t-test for dependent groups and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures were used to compare the differences between dependent groups. There was a statistically significant difference between morning and evening measurements in hematological parameters, blood lactate and distance traveled after the YIRT1 test (p<0.05). As a result, it can be suggested that the YIRT1 test to be applied to football players should be done in the evening. This test, which is used to determine the physical capacity of the players, has been found to affect the hematological values.

Keywords

• Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YIRT1)
• Hematological Parameters
• Soccer

Futbolcularda Sabah Akşam Yapılan Yo-Yo Aralıklı Toparlanma Testinin (Seviye 1) Hematolojik Parametreler Üzerine Akut Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sabah ve akşam yapılan Yo-Yo aralıklı toparlanma testinin seviye 1 (YIRT1) hematolojik parametreler üzerine akut etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya Süper Amatör liginde oynayan bir futbol takımından 18 erkek futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Sporculara 2 farklı günde, sabah ve akşam olmak üzere YIRT1 testi uygulanmıştır. Kan örnekleri testten önce, testten sonra ve testten 2 saat sonrasında alınmıştır. Test sırasında, deneklerin kat ettikleri mesafe kaydedilmiştir. Test bitiminde kan laktat değerleri ölçülmüştür. Tam kan sayımı için lökosit (WBC), Nötrofil (NEU), Nötrofil yüzde (NEU %), Lenfosit (LYM), Lenfosit yüzde (LYM %), Eritrosit (RBC), Hemoglobin (HGB), Hematokrit (HCT) ve Trombosit (PLT) değerleri incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel analizde verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Shapiro Wilk testi ile incelenmiştir. Veriler normal dağılım gösterdiğinden, bağımlı grup farklılıkların karşılaştırılmasında bağımlı gruplarda t test ve Tekrarlı ölçümlerde tek yönlü varyans analizi testi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. YIRT1 testi sonrasında hematolojik parametrelerde, kan laktat ve test sonu kat edilen mesafe değerlerinde sabah ve akşam ölçümleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardır (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak futbolculara uygulanacak YIRT1 testinin akşam saatlerinde yapılması önerilebilir. Oyuncuların fiziksel kapasitesini belirlemek için kullanılan bu testin hematolojik değerleri etkilediği bulunmuştur.

Keywords

• Yo-Yo Aralıklı Toparlanma Testi
• Hematolojik Parametre
• Futbol.
• Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YIRT1)
• Hematological Parameters
• Soccer

References

1. Alizadeh, R., Hovanloo, F., & Safania, A.M. (2010). The relationship between aerobic power and repeated sprint ability in youg soccer players with different levels of VO2max. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 27, 86-92. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002193
2. Aloui, A., Driss, T., Baklouti, H., Jaafar, H., Hammouda, O., Chamari, K., et al. (2017). Repeated-sprint training in the fasted state during Ramadan: morning or evening training? Journal Sports Medicine in Physical Fitness, 58, 990-997. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07090-6
3. Ammar, A., Chtourou, H., Trabelsi, K., Padulo, J., Turki, M., El Abed, K., Hoekelmann, A., & Hâkim, A. (2015). Temporal specificity of training: intra-day effects on biochemical responses and OlympicWeightlifting performances. Journal of Sports Science, 33(4), 358-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.944559
4. Anđelković, M., Baralić, I., Đorđević, B., Stevuljević, J.K., Radivojević, N., Dikić, N., et al. (2015). Hematological and biochemical parameters in elite soccer players during a competitive half season. Journal of Medical Biochemistry, 34, 460-466. https://doi.org/10.2478/jomb-2014-0057
5. Bekris, E., Gioldasis, A., Gissis, I., Anagnostakos, K., & Eleftherios, M. (2015). From preparation to competitive period in soccer: hematological changes. Sport Science Review, 24, 103-14. https://doi.org/10.1515/ssr-2015-0011
6. Belviranli, M., Okudan, N., & Kabak, B. (2017). The effects of acute high-intensity interval training on hematological parameters in sedentary subjects. Medical Sciences, 5(3), Article 15, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci5030015
7. Boussetta, N., Abedelmalek, S., Aloui, K., & Souissi, N. (2017). The effect of air pollution on diurnal variation of performance in anaerobic tests, cardiovascular and hematological parameters, and blood gases on soccer players following the Yo-yo intermittent recovery test level-1. Chronobiology International, 35,1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2017.1325896
8. Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F.M., Chamari, K., Carlomagno, D., & Rampinini, E. (2006). Aerobic fitness and yo-yo contionus and intermittent tests performances in soccer players: A correlation study. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20, 320-325. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-18065.1

9. Castagna, C., Manzi, V., Rampini, E., D’ottavio, S, & Manzi, V. (2008). The Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test in basketball players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 11, 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2007.02.013
10. Chaouachi, A., Manzi. V., Wong. D., Chaalali, A., Laurencelle, L., Chamari, K., & Castagna, C. (2010). Intermittent endurance and repeated sprint ability in soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24, 2663-2669. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e347f4
11. Chtourou, H., Hammouda, O., Aloui, A., & Souissi. N. (2013). Effect of time-of-day on muscle fatigue: A Review. Novel Physiotherapies, 3(3),1-10. https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7025.1000160
12. Coelho, D.B., Morandi, R.F., Anunciação deMelo, M.A, & Silami-Garcia, E. (2011). Creatine kinase kinetics in professional soccer players during a competitive season. A Revista Brasileira Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 13,189-194. https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2011v13n3p189
13. Demiriz, M., Erdemir, İ., & Kayhan, R.F. (2015). Farklı dinlenme aralıklarında yapılan anaerobik interval antrenmanın, aerobik kapasite, anaerobik eşik ve kan parametreleri üzerine etkileri. Uluslararası Spor, Egzersiz ve Antrenman Bilimi Dergisi, 1(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.233120
14. Erdemir, İ. (2013). The comparison of blood parameters between morning and evening exercise. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(1), 559-563. https://doi.org/10.42384/2278-6302.104561
15. Fernandes, A.L., Lopes-Silva, J.P., Bertuzzi, R., Casarini, D.E., Arita, D.Y., Bishop, D.J., & Lima-Silva, A.E. (2014). Effect of time of day on performance, hormonal and metabolic response during a 1000-M cycling time trial. PLoS One, 9(10), e109954. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109954
16. Gerosa-Neto, J., Rossi, F.E, Silva, C.B., Campos, E.Z., Fernandes, R.A., & Freitas Júnior, I.F. (2014). Body composition analysis of athletes from the elite of brazilian soccer players. Motricidade, 10(4),105-10. https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.10(4).3567
17. Gorla, J.I., Silva, A.A, Campos, L.F., Santos, C.F., Almeida, J.J., Duarte, E., et al. (2017). Composição corporal e perfil somatotípico de atletas da seleção brasileira de futebol de 5. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte, 39(1), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbce.2015.12.016
18. Hammouda, O., Chtourou, H., Chahed, H., Ferchichi, S., Kallel, C., Miled, A., Chamari, K., & Souissi, N. (2011). Diurnal variations of plasma homocysteine, total antioxidant status, and biological markers of muscle injury during repeated sprint: effect on performance and muscle fatigue-a pilot study. Chronobiology International, 28(10), 958-967. https://doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2011.613683
19. Hammouda, O., Chtourou, H., Chaouachi, A., Chahed, H., Ferchichi, S., Kallel, C., Chamari, K., & Souissi, N. (2012). Effect of short-term maximal exercise on biochemical markers of muscle damage, total antioxidant status, and homocysteine levels in football players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 3(4), 239-246. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34544
20. Hammouda, O., Chtourou, H., Aloui. A., Chahed, H., Kallel, C., Miled, A., Chamari, K., Chaouachi, A., & Souissi, N. (2013). Concomitant effects of Ramadan fasting and time-of-day on apolipoprotein AI, B, Lp-a and homocysteine responses during aerobic exercise in Tunisian soccer players. PLoS One, 8(11), e79873. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079873
21. Heidari, N., Dortaj, E., Karimi, M., Karami, S., & Kordi, N. (2016). The effects of acute high intensity interval exercise of judo on blood rheology factors. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 2, 6-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci5030015
22. Heisterberg, M.F., Fahrenkrug, J., Krustrup, P., Storskov, A., Kjær, M., & Andersen, J.L. (2013). Extensive monitoring through multiple blood samples in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 1260-1271. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182653d17
23. Hermassi, S., Schwesig, R., Aloui, G., Shephard, R.J., & Chelly, M.S. (2019). Effects of short-term in-season weightlifting training on the muscle strength, peak power, sprint performance, and ball throwing velocity of male handball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,33(12), 3309-3321. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003068
24. Krustrup, P., Mohr, M., Amstrup, T., Rysgaard, T., Johansen, J., Steensberg, A., et al. (2003). The yoyo intermittent recovery test: Physiological response, reliability, and validity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35, 697-705. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000058441.94520.32
25. Krustrup, P., Mohr, M., Steensberg, A., Bencke, J., Kjaer, M. & Bangsbo, J. (2006). Muscle and blood metabolites during a soccer game: Implications for sprint performance. Medicine Science Sports Exercise, 38, 1165-1174. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000222845.89262.cd
26. Lukaski, H.C. (2004). Vitamin and mineral status: Effects on physical performance. Nutrition, 20(7-8), 632-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.001
27. McLellan, C.P., Lovell, D.I., & Gass, G.C. (2011). Biochemical and endocrine response to impact and collision during elite rugby league match play. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 1553-1562. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181db9bdd
28. Meckel, Y., Geva, A., & Eliakim, A. (2012). The influence of dribbling on repeated sprints in young soccer players. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 7, 555-560. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.7.3.555
29. Meyer, T., & Meister, S. (2011). Routine blood parameters in elite soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 32, 875-81. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1280776
30. Nogueira, F.D.A., De Freitas, V.H., Nogueira, R.A., Miloski, B., Werneck, F.Z., & Bara-Filho, M.G. (2018). Improvement of physical performance, hormonal profile, recovery-stress balance and increase of muscle damage in a specific futsal preseason planning. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 11(2),63-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ramd.2015.11.008
31. Racinais, S., Perrey, S., Denis, R., & Bishop, D. (2010). Maximal power, but not fatigability, is greater during repeated sprints performed in the afternoon. Chronobiology International, 27(4), 855-864. https://doi.org/10.3109/07420521003668412
32. Saddam, A., Ali, B., & Abdelatif, H. (2017). Analysis of the evolution of some hematological parameters during the first preparatory period on young Algerian soccer players (U17). European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 3(10), 128-134. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.887967
33. Schumacher, Y.O., Schmid, A., Grathwohl, D., Bültermann, D., & Berg, A. (2002). Hematological indices and iron status in athletes of various sports and performances. Medicine Science Sports Exercise, 34(5), 869-75. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200205000-00022
34. Thirup, P. (2003). Haematocrit: Within-subject and seasonal variation. Sports Medicine, 33, 231-243. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333030-00005
35. Thompson, A., Jones, H., Marqueze, E., Gregson, W., & Atkinson, G. (2015). The effects of evening bright light exposure on subsequent morning exercise performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(2), 101-106. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1389970
36. Yapıcı, A., & Dündar, U. (2006). Mekik koşu testinin hemoreolojik parametreler üzerine etkisi. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi, 41, 87-94. https://doi.org/10.10211-1203-121854