Investigation of Team Cohesion and Self-Efficacy Levels of Volleyball Referees

Abstract

The aim of the study is to examine the team cohesion and self-efficacy levels of volleyball referees. The research group includes a total of 280 volleyball referees, 138 female and 142 male, affiliated with the Turkish Volleyball Federation for the 2022-2023 volleyball season. "Personal Information Form", "Referee Self-Efficacy Scale" and "Group Environment Questionnaire" were used to collect data in the study. SPSS 24.0 program was used in the analysis of the research data. Independent sample t test and anova test were applied as statistical methods and p<0,05 significance level was taken. According to the findings, a change was found in the sub-dimensions of task integrity and task attractiveness of the group in terms of gender variable. Again, a difference was found in the social integration of the group and task integration of the group according to the years of refereeing. There was a difference in the self-efficacy levels of the referees according to the year of refereeing. A difference was found in the task integration dimension of the group according to the refereeing level. As a result, it was determined that as the experience of volleyball referees increased, their self-efficacy levels increased and as their refereeing levels increased, their task integration levels increased.

Keywords

• Volleyball referees
• Team cohesion
• Self-efficacy

Voleybol Hakemlerinin Takım Sargınlığı ve Öz-Yeterlik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, voleybol hakemlerinin takım sargınlığı ve öz-yeterlik düzeylerini incelemektir. Araştırma grubu 2022-2023 voleybol sezonunda Türkiye Voleybol Federasyonu’na bağlı, 138’i kadın, 142’si erkek olmak üzere toplam 280 voleybol hakemi yer almaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Hakem Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği” ve “Grup Sargınlığı Envanteri” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde SPSS 24.0 programından yararlanılmıştır. İstatistiksel yöntem olarak Independent Sample T-Test ve ANOVA Testi uygulanmış, anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 alınmıştır. Bulgulara göre cinsiyet değişkeni açısından grubun görev bütünlüğü ve grubun görev çekiciliği alt boyutlarında değişiklik tespit edilmiştir. Yine hakemlik yılı değişkenine göre grubun sosyal bütünleşmesi ve grubun görev bütünleşmesinde farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Hakemlerin öz-yeterlik düzeylerinde hakemlik yılı değişkenine göre farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Hakemlik seviyesine göre grubun görev bütünleşmesi boyutunda farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak voleybol hakemlerinin deneyimleri arttıkça öz-yeterlik düzeylerinin arttığı, hakemlik seviyeleri yükseldikçe de görevde bütünleşme düzeylerinin arttığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Voleybol hakemleri
• Takım sargınlığı
• Öz yeterlik

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