The Evaluation of Chronotropic Incompetence and Cardiac Functions in Patients Recovered from Covid-19 Disease

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 314 - 318, 30.06.2022

Sedat Taş Ümmü Taş

https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1084726

Abstract

Objective: Today, coronary bypass surgeries are still commonly performed with on-pump CABG and off-pump CABG techniques. In this retrospective clinical study, we investigated the short- and long-term complications of both surgical methods.
Materials and Methods: In this study, patients with isolated single-vessel coronary artery disease according to Syntax scoring in our clinic between 2011 and 2015. A total of 43 patients who underwent on-pump (Group 1) and off-pump (Group 2) coronary artery surgery were included. In these patients, early postoperative complications and one-year major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events were compared.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in terms of demographic values between the two groups. In terms of postoperative complications, atrial fibrillation was found to be significantly less in the off-pump surgery group. There was no significant difference in terms of length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital, pneumonia, sternal infection and the amount of postoperative drainage. There was no difference between the groups in terms of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) in the long term after the operation.
Conclusion: In conclusion, we suggest to determine the method to be applied in coronary bypass surgery according to the patient's risk scoring

Keywords

Chronotropic incompetence, Chronotropic index, Covid-19, Exercise stress test

Covid-19 Enfeksiyonu Geçirmiş ve İyileşmiş Hastalarda Kronotropik Yetersizliğin ve Kardiyak Fonksiyonların Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Giriş ve Amaç: Günümüzde koroner bypass ameliyatları hala yaygın olarak on-pump CABG ve off-pump CABG tekniği ile yapılmaktadır. Bu retrospektif klinik çalışmada her iki cerrahi yöntemin kısa ve uzun dönem komplikasyonlarını araştırdık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya 2011-2015 yılları arasında kliniğimizde Syntax skorlamasına göre izole tek damar koroner arter hastalığı olan; on-pump (Grup 1) ve off-pump (Grup 2) koroner arter cerrahisi geçiren toplam 43 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Bu hastalarda postoperatif erken dönem komplikasyonlar ve bir yıllık majör advers kardiyovasküler ve serebral olaylar karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Her iki grup arasında demografik verilerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Postoperatif komplikasyonlar açısından atrial fibrilasyon off-pump cerrahi yapılan grupta anlamlı olarak daha az saptanmıştır. Yoğun bakımda ve hastanede kalış süreleri, pnömoni, sternal enfeksiyon ve postoperatif drenaj miktarları açısından anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Operasyon sonrası uzun dönemde majör adverse kardiyovasküler ve serebral olaylar (MACCE) açısından gruplar arasında farklılık saptanmamıştır.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak koroner bypass cerrahisinde uygulanacak yöntemin hastanın risk skorlamasına göre belirlenmesini öneriyoruz.

Keywords

Kronotropik yetersizlik, Kronotropik indeks, Covid-19, Efor testi

References

• 1. World Health Organization. WHO Director- General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 30 March 2020. World Health Organization. Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-openingremarks- at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19-30- march-2020, accessed on March 30, 2020.
• 2. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Pandemic 2021 [updated 2022 January 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
• 3. Becker RC. Anticipating the long-term cardiovascular effects of COVID-19. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2020;50:512-524
• 4. Puntmann VO, Carerj ML, Wieters I, Fahim M, Arendt C, Hoffmann J, et al. Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiol. 2020;5:1265-1273
• 5. Huang L, Zhao P, Tang D, Zhu T, Han R, Zhan C, et al. Cardiac Involvement in Patients Recovered From COVID-2019 Identified Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020 ;13:2330-2339
• 6. Yancy CW, Fonarow GC. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the Heart-Is Heart Failure the Next Chapter? JAMA Cardiol. 2020;5:1216-1217
• 7. Tezcan Keleş G. , Bozkurt İ. COVID-19 Hastalığı Tanı ve Tedavisinde Kullanılan Laboratuvar Testleri. CBU-SBED. 2021; 8(2): 380-387.
• 8. Öztürk T. , Çavuşoğlu T. , İncir C. , Tunçok Y. Interactions between Cytokines and Drugs in COVID-19 Potential Interactions between Increased Cytokines in COVID-19 and Drugs used to Treat COVID-19. CBU-SBED. 2020; 8(1): 174-185.
• 9. Oudit GY, Kassiri Z, Jiang C, Liu PP, Poutanen SM, Penninger JM, et al. SARS-coronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS. Eur J Clin Invest. 2009;39:618-25
• 10. Becker RC. Toward understanding the 2019 Coronavirus and its impact on the heart. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2020;50:33-42
• 11. Engeseth K, Hodnesdal C, Grundvold I, et al. Temporal Reduction in Chronotropic Index Predicts Risk of Cardiovascular Death Among Healthy Middle-Aged Men: a 28-Year Follow-Up Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5(12):e004555
• 12. Lauer MS, Francis GS, Okin PM, Pashkow FJ, Snader CE, Marwick TH. Impaired chronotropic response to exercise stress testing as a predictor of mortality. JAMA. 1999;281(6):524-529
• 13. Topal D. , Uğuz B. , Zengin İ. , Coşar S. , Tiryakioğlu S. Heart Rate Variability in Hospitalized Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis in Comparison to Healthy Controls and in Relation to Proinflammatory Cytokines. CBU-SBED. 2021; 8(3): 516-523.
• 14. Öztürk D. , Çimen A. , Ural İ. Correlation Between Relative Handgrip Strength Index as well as Chronotropic Response Index and Heart Rate Recovery Index. Koşuyolu Heart Journal. 2020; 23(2): 128-133.
• 15. Jae SY, Heffernan K, Kurl S, et al. Chronotropic Response to Exercise Testing and the Risk of Stroke. Am J Cardiol. 2021;143:46-50
• 16. Lazzeri C, Bonizzoli M, Batacchi S, Peris A. Echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricle in COVID -related acute respiratory syndrome. Intern Emerg Med. 2021 ;16:1-5.