THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE

Volume: 2 June 1, 2014
  • Halil İnalcık
EN TR

THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE

Abstract

Yorüks, are historically known as Türkmen Turcoman , or Al-Atrâk, being a branch of the Oguz group of peoples who invaded Asia Minor from the 1020's onwards. The Seljuk/Selcukid central government used to settle them on the East Roman borders-marches. Due to the nature of animal husbandry and seasonal migrations, conflict with the central government, Seljuk or Ottoman, was at times inevitable. Due to their activities against the East Roman Empire a heavy concentration of Türkmen formed in western Anatolia. In a census of 1520-1530 pastoral nomads in the provinces of Western Anatolia numbered 77,368 and those on military service 52.148. The regions where a sizeable Türkmen population formed were the mountainous areas with yaylak, summer pastures, along the Toros mountain chain from western Anatolia to the coasts of the Mediterranean and in the Lake District in the Isparta-Eğirdir region. Practising the heterodox doctrines of Shii’ite Islam, the Türkmen often came in conflict with the central government. The term yörük or yörük was the descriptive term preferred by the official chancery. The central government employed yörüks in military service. The contribution of the Yörüks to the economy of the Ottoman state was important for transportation as, before the railways, transport overland between the regions depended entirely upon yorük camel caravans. Main items of trade were yorük carpets and rugs: halı, kilim, seccade, örtü etc. Tribal and regional designs distinguished local productions. Turkmen carpets were very valuable and had been exported to the West and to Moslem countries from the XIIIth century onwards.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

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Journal Section

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Authors

Halil İnalcık This is me

Publication Date

June 1, 2014

Submission Date

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Acceptance Date

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Published in Issue

Year 2014 Volume: 2

APA
İnalcık, H. (2014). THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus, 2, 467-495. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472
AMA
1.İnalcık H. THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus. 2014;2:467-495. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472
Chicago
İnalcık, Halil. 2014. “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”. Cedrus 2 (June): 467-95. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
EndNote
İnalcık H (June 1, 2014) THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus 2 467–495.
IEEE
[1]H. İnalcık, “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”, Cedrus, vol. 2, pp. 467–495, June 2014, doi: 10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
ISNAD
İnalcık, Halil. “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”. Cedrus 2 (June 1, 2014): 467-495. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
JAMA
1.İnalcık H. THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus. 2014;2:467–495.
MLA
İnalcık, Halil. “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”. Cedrus, vol. 2, June 2014, pp. 467-95, doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
Vancouver
1.Halil İnalcık. THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus. 2014 Jun. 1;2:467-95. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472

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