THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE

Cilt: 2 1 Haziran 2014
  • Halil İnalcık
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THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE

Öz

Yorüks, are historically known as Türkmen Turcoman , or Al-Atrâk, being a branch of the Oguz group of peoples who invaded Asia Minor from the 1020's onwards. The Seljuk/Selcukid central government used to settle them on the East Roman borders-marches. Due to the nature of animal husbandry and seasonal migrations, conflict with the central government, Seljuk or Ottoman, was at times inevitable. Due to their activities against the East Roman Empire a heavy concentration of Türkmen formed in western Anatolia. In a census of 1520-1530 pastoral nomads in the provinces of Western Anatolia numbered 77,368 and those on military service 52.148. The regions where a sizeable Türkmen population formed were the mountainous areas with yaylak, summer pastures, along the Toros mountain chain from western Anatolia to the coasts of the Mediterranean and in the Lake District in the Isparta-Eğirdir region. Practising the heterodox doctrines of Shii’ite Islam, the Türkmen often came in conflict with the central government. The term yörük or yörük was the descriptive term preferred by the official chancery. The central government employed yörüks in military service. The contribution of the Yörüks to the economy of the Ottoman state was important for transportation as, before the railways, transport overland between the regions depended entirely upon yorük camel caravans. Main items of trade were yorük carpets and rugs: halı, kilim, seccade, örtü etc. Tribal and regional designs distinguished local productions. Turkmen carpets were very valuable and had been exported to the West and to Moslem countries from the XIIIth century onwards.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Aksarâyî 1944 K. Aksarâyî, “Musâmeret al-Akhbar”. Ed. O. Turan, Ankara 1944.
  2. Aslanapa – Durul 1972 O. Aslanapa – Y. Durul, Türk Halı Sanatı. İstanbul 1972.
  3. Aswad 1971 B. C. Aswad, Property Control and Social Strategies: Settlers on a Middle Eastern Plain. Ann Arbor 1971.
  4. Atalay 1940 B. Atalay, Türkçemizde men, man Eki. Ankara 1940.
  5. Barkan 1943 Ö. L. Barkan, XV. ve XVI. Asırlarda Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Tarımsal Ekonominin Hukuki ve Mali Esasları’nın İçinden Fatih Kanunnamesi. İstanbul 1943.
  6. Barkan 1966 Ö. L. Barkan, “Edirne Askeri Kassamına ait Tereke Defterleri (1545- 1659)”. Belgeler III (1966) 1-479.
  7. Barkan 1980 Ö. L. Barkan, “Kulluklar ve Orkacı Kullar”. Ed. N. Şahin, Türkiye’de Toprak Meselesi. İstanbul (1980) 596-607.
  8. Batez 1983 D. Batez, Nomads and Farmers: A Study of the Yörüks of Southeastern Turkey. Ann Arbor 1983.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

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Bölüm

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Yazarlar

Halil İnalcık Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi

1 Haziran 2014

Gönderilme Tarihi

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Kabul Tarihi

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Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2014 Cilt: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
İnalcık, H. (2014). THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus, 2, 467-495. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472
AMA
1.İnalcık H. THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus. 2014;2:467-495. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472
Chicago
İnalcık, Halil. 2014. “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”. Cedrus 2 (Haziran): 467-95. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
EndNote
İnalcık H (01 Haziran 2014) THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus 2 467–495.
IEEE
[1]H. İnalcık, “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”, Cedrus, c. 2, ss. 467–495, Haz. 2014, doi: 10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
ISNAD
İnalcık, Halil. “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”. Cedrus 2 (01 Haziran 2014): 467-495. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
JAMA
1.İnalcık H. THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus. 2014;2:467–495.
MLA
İnalcık, Halil. “THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE”. Cedrus, c. 2, Haziran 2014, ss. 467-95, doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472.
Vancouver
1.Halil İnalcık. THE YÖRÜKS: THEIR ORIGINS, EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC ROLE. Cedrus. 01 Haziran 2014;2:467-95. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.201406472

Dergimiz 01.01.2026  tarihi itibariyle yayın hayatına Sürekli Yayın Modeli ile devam edecektir.  İlgili yılın sayısında en fazla 15 makale yayımlanacak olup  2024 yılı Ekim ayı itibariyle Cedrus sadece yabancı dilde makale kabul edecektir.