A SURVEY OF IRAN'S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE

Ali Aarab

doi:10.13113/CEDRUS/201620

EN TR

A SURVEY OF IRAN'S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE

Abstract

Iran’s social structure in the transition period from Sassanid rule to early Islam is of great importance. The social structure of the Sassanid period was of a hierarchical kind that placed too many social and economic burdens on society’s lower classes. This paper examines through the use of historical texts the role of the Sassanid social structure and its pressure on the process of conversion to Islam by Iranians. The related literature shows this was one of the main reasons that Iranians accepted Islam, due to the modification of the social structure by the Muslims of early Islam who exerted effort to this end and this case can be investigated through the use of historical manuscripts and archaeological finds. However, the modified conditions in the following period took a different form that brought about the formation of other social classes which included classes formed on the basis of race and religion. Nevertheless, the landowner class obtained much power during this period which increased the pressure upon the lower classes who were mostly farmers. Thus, in the era of early Islam the same pressure from the upper class remained over the farmers who were a class having a most significant population.

Keywords

Social Structure • Sassanid Era • Early Islamic Period • Manuscripts • Archaeological Evidence

TARİHÎ YAZMALAR VE ARKEOLOJİK BULUNTULAR IŞIĞINDA SASANÎ DÖNEMİ’NDEN ERKEN İSLAM DÖNEMİ’NE GEÇİŞ SÜRECİNDE İRAN’IN SOSYAL YAPISI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Abstract

Sasanî egemenliğinden erken İslam Dönemi’ne geçiş sürecinde İran’ın sosyal yapısı büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Sasanî Dönemi’ndeki sosyal yapı toplumun alt sınıfı üzerinde çok fazla sosyal ve ekonomik baskı uygulayan hiyerarşik bir düzendedir. Bu makale, Sasanî Dönemi’nin sosyal yapısındaki rolü ve tarihî metinleri temel alarak İranlılar nezdinde İslam’ın kabulü hususundaki baskıyı incelemektedir. İlgili literatür, İranlıların İslam’ı kabul etmesinin ana nedenlerinden birisinin, bu durumun sonlandırılması için efor sarf eden erken İslam Dönemi Müslümanları tarafından sosyal yapının değiştirilmesi nedeniyle meydana geldiğini ve bu durumun tarihî el yazmaları ve arkeolojik buluntular vasıtasıyla incelenebilir olduğunu ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Lâkin ilerleyen dönemde değişen şartlar farklı bir hâl alarak diğer sosyal sınıfların oluşumuna sebebiyet vermiştir, buna ırk ve din tabanlı sınıflar da dâhildir. Bununla birlikte, çoğunluğu çiftçi olan alt sınıflar üzerindeki baskıyı artıran bu süreç içinde toprak sahibi olan sınıf güç kazanmıştır. Böylece, İran’ın erken İslam Dönemi’nde üst sınıflarca yapılan aynı baskı, kayda değer bir nüfusu barındıran çiftçiler sınıfı üzerinde bâki kalmıştır.

Keywords

Sosyal Yapı • Sasani Dönemi • Erken İslam Dönemi • Tarihsel Yazmalar • Arkeolojik Buluntular

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

-

Authors

Ali Aarab This is me

Publication Date

June 1, 2016

Submission Date

-

Acceptance Date

-

Published in Issue

Year 2016 Volume: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201620

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA36XA38UC

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Aarab, A. (2016). A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE. Cedrus, 4, 341-352. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201620

AMA

1.Aarab A. A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE. Cedrus. 2016;4:341-352. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS/201620

Chicago

Aarab, Ali. 2016. “A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE”. Cedrus 4 (June): 341-52. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201620.

EndNote

Aarab A (June 1, 2016) A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE. Cedrus 4 341–352.

IEEE

[1]A. Aarab, “A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE”, Cedrus, vol. 4, pp. 341–352, June 2016, doi: 10.13113/CEDRUS/201620.

ISNAD

Aarab, Ali. “A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE”. Cedrus 4 (June 1, 2016): 341-352. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS/201620.

JAMA

1.Aarab A. A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE. Cedrus. 2016;4:341–352.

MLA

Aarab, Ali. “A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE”. Cedrus, vol. 4, June 2016, pp. 341-52, doi:10.13113/CEDRUS/201620.

Vancouver

1.Ali Aarab. A SURVEY OF IRAN’S SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSITION FROM THE SASSANID TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA FROM THE MANUSCRIPT AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE. Cedrus. 2016 Jun. 1;4:341-52. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS/201620