Erken Demir Çağı Karia Maddi Kültürü: Fibula Üretiminin Başlangıcı

Year 2024, Issue: 23, 207 - 226, 29.12.2024

Bekir Özer

https://doi.org/10.58488/collan.1474085

https://izlik.org/JA42JE76XB

Abstract

2019 yılında Keramos Kırsalı Belentepe / Kavaklı’da ortaya çıkarılan dikdörtgen planlı bir oda mezarın metal buluntuları arasında yer alan fibulalardan bir tanesinin, bölgede şimdiye kadar benzerine rastlama- dığımız “yeni” bir tip fibula olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Mezar odasından ele geçen buluntular, mezarın neredeyse Erken Demir Çağı boyunca kullanıldığına işaret eder. Fibulalar, mö 11. yüzyıl içlerinden mö 7. yüzyılın ilk yarısına değin sürekli ve düzenli olarak Karia mezar kontekstlerinin karakteristik buluntuları olarak karşımıza çıkar. İki farklı boyutta üretilmiş olan Caner tip II d erken seri fibulaları, Karia’da fibula kulla- nımının yaygınlaştığına ve yerel formların üretilmekte olduğunun tartışmasız kanıtları olarak görülmelidir. Sub-Miken mezar kontekstlerinden bilinen asimetrik twisted bow fibulalarla kurulan ilişki ve Caner tip II d fibulalarının öncüsü olduğuna işaret eden yeterli benzerlikleri ile Belentepe / Kavaklı Mezar 78 fibulası, mö 11. yüzyılın ilk yarısına, muhtemelen başlarına ait olmalıdır. Fibulalar, Nau II tipi kılıçlar ve diğer metal buluntular, Akdeniz dünyası metal buluntularında gözlenen ortaklığa Karia bölgesinin de dahil olduğuna işaret eder.

Keywords

Erken Demir Çağı , Karia , Keramos Kırsalı , mezar , fibula

Early Iron Age Carian Material Culture: The Beginning of Fibula Production in the Region

https://izlik.org/JA42JE76XB

Abstract

In 2019, one of the fibulae among the metal finds in a rectangular chamber tomb unearthed in Belentepe / Kavaklı in the Keramos Chora drew attention as a “new” type of fibula not previously encountered in the region. The artifacts recovered from the burial chamber indicate that the tomb was used almost throughout the Early Iron Age. Fibulae consistently and regularly appear as characteristic finds in Carian burial contexts from the middle of 11th century bc to the first half of the seventh century bc. The early series fibulae of Caner Type II d, produced in two different sizes, should be seen as indisputable evidence of the widespread use of fibulae in Caria and the production of local forms. Establishing a connection with the asymmetrical twisted bow fibulae known from Sub-Mycenaean burial contexts and exhibiting sufficient similarities that indicate it as a precursor to Caner Type II d fibulae, the fibula from Grave 78 in Belentepe/Kavaklı should be dated to the first half of the 11th century BC, likely its early years. Fibulae, along with Naue II type swords and other metal artifacts, indicate the inclusion of the Carian region in the commonality observed in metal objects across the Mediterranean world.

Keywords

Early Iron Age , Caria , Keramos Chora , grave , fibula

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