İnek Sütünün Korunması İçin Nar (Punica granatum L.) Kabuğu Ekstraktının Biyokoruyucu Potansiyeli

Abstract

Doğal ve sürdürülebilir gıda koruma stratejilerine yönelik artan talep, bitki kaynaklı ekstraktların alternatif biyokoruyucular olarak kullanılmasına olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Biyaktif bileşikler bakımından zengin olan nar kabuğu, belirgin antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal özellikleri sayesinde önemli ölçüde dikkat çekmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, mevcut çalışmanın amacı, nar kabuğu ekstraktının ham inek sütünün raf ömrünü uzatma ve kalitesini koruma etkinliğini değerlendirmek olup bu amaçla ekstraktın biyokoruyucu özellikleri 4°C’de 10 gün depolama süresi boyunca mikrobiyolojik ve fiziko-kimyasal analizler ile incelenmiştir. Mevcut araştırmada, nar kabuğunun hidro-etanolik ekstraktı; HPLC-MS/MS yöntemi ile analiz edilmiş ve yedi bileşik tanımlanmıştır. Tanımlanan bileşikler farklı kimyasal sınıflara ait olup çoğunlukla flavonoidlerden oluşmaktadır. İlk olarak ekstraktın antioksidan potansiyeli DPPH antiradikal testi ile değerlendirilmiş ve IC50 değeri 8,74 ± 0,70 µg/ml olarak bulunmuştur. Daha sonra ekstraktın antibakteriyel aktiviteleri, beş gıda kaynaklı patojen mikroorganizma üzerinde test edilmiş ve MIC değerlerinin 1,53 ile 12,50 mg/ml arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, %2 oranında nar kabuğu ekstraktının depolama süresince kontrol gruplarına kıyasla mikrobiyal gelişim, pH ve asidite üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma (p < 0,05) sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, %2 oranındaki nar kabuğu ekstraktının ham inek sütünün kalitesinin korunmasında etkili olduğunu göstermekte ve bu ekstraktın sürdürülebilir beslenme için potansiyel bir koruyucu olarak değerlendirilebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• Nar kabuğu
• LC-MS/MS
• antimikrobiyal
• polifenoller
• gıda koruma

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma için etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir.

Biopreservative Potential of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract for the Preservation of Raw Cow’s Milk

Abstract

The increasing demand for natural and sustainable food preservation strategies has led to growing interest in plant-derived extracts as alternative biopreservatives. Pomegranate peel, known for its richness in bioactive compounds, has gained considerable attention due to its pronounced antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Accordingly, the present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of pomegranate peel extract in enhancing the shelf life and preserving the quality of raw cow’s milk by assessing its biopreservative properties through microbiological and physicochemical analyses during storage at 4°C for 10 days. In the current study, hydro-ethanolic extract of Pomegranate peel was analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS and seven compounds were identified. The identified compounds belong to different chemical classes, predominantly flavonoids. Initially, the antioxidant potential of the extract was evaluated through the DPPH antiradical test with an IC50=8.74±0.70 µg/ml. Subsequently, the antibacterial activities of this extract were assessed using five foodborne pathogenic microorganisms where MIC values were found to range from 1.53 to 12.50 mg/ml. Moreover, the extract from pomegranate peel at 2%showed a statistically significant impact (p<0.05) on the reduction of microbial growth, pH, and acidity during storage in comparison to the controls. The data suggest that extract of pomegranate peel at 2%demonstrates effectiveness in maintaining the quality of raw cow’s milk and it considers the extract as a potential preservative for sustainable nutrition.

Keywords

• Pomegranate peel
• LC-MS/MS
• antimicrobial
• polyphenols
• food preservation

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval is not required for this study.

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