THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIGITALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE IN SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES: THE ROLE OF INNOVATION CAPABILITY

Öz

Enterprises need to increase their performance and gain competitive advantage in order to continue their existence. Digitalization is one of the tools used for this need and focuses on increasing efficiency, as well as causing a disruptive transformation that changes past practices. Innovation capability helps enterprises maintain their competitive advantage in times of rapid change. Development of new products and successful implementation of new systems can be achieved through innovation capability. In line with these explanations, it has been found useful to examine the performance, digitalization and innovation capability in enterprises together. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of digitalization on business performance and whether innovation capability has a mediating role in this effect. At the end of the quantitative research, data was collected from 380 manufacturing SMEs through a survey. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 27 and AMOS programs. Confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation model were used to obtain the findings. The correlation analysis results showed that there are significant and strong relationships between the variables of the study. There is a significant and positive relationship between the independent variable of the study, digitalization, and the dependent variable, business performance. It has been observed that the strongest relationship is between digitalization and innovation capability. There is a very strong relationship between innovation capability and business performance. Structural equation model results showed that digitalization has a positive effect on business performance in manufacturing SMEs and innovation capability has a mediating role in this effect. In other words, it has been observed that innovation capability can be increased by using digitalization in manufacturing SMEs, which will increase performance and contribute to a more competitive position in the market. As a result, it has been revealed that digitalization is an important competitive advantage tool due to its potential to increase innovation capability and businesses performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
• Digitalization
• Innovation Capability
• Performance

KÜÇÜK VE ORTA ÖLÇEKLİ İMALAT İŞLETMELERİNDE DİJİTALLEŞME VE PERFORMANS İLİŞKİSİ: İNOVASYON YETENEĞİNİN ROLÜ

Öz

İşletmeler varlıklarını devam ettirebilmek için performanslarını artırmaya ve rekabet avantajı elde etmeye ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Dijitalleşme bu ihtiyaç doğrultusunda kullanılan araçlardan biridir ve verimlilik artışına odaklanmasının yanında geçmiş uygulamaları değiştiren yıkıcı bir dönüşüme neden olmaktadır. İnovasyon yeteneği ise değişimin hızlı yaşandığı zamanlarda işletmelerin rekabet avantajlarını korumasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Yeni ürünlerin geliştirilmesi ve yeni sistemlerin başarılı bir şekilde uygulamaya alınması inovasyon yeteneği yoluyla yapılabilmektedir. Bu açıklamalar doğrultusunda, işletmelerde performans, dijitalleşme ve inovasyon yeteneği kavramlarının birlikte incelenmesinde yarar görülmüştür. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada işletmelerde dijitalleşmenin işletme performansı üzerindeki etkisinin ve bu etkide inovasyon yeteneğinin aracı rolü olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel olarak tasarlanan araştırma sonunda 380 imalatçı KOBİ’den anket aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS 27 ve AMOS programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulguların elde edilebilmesi için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, korelasyon analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonuçları, araştırmanın değişkenleri arasında anlamlı ve güçlü ilişkiler olduğunu göstermiştir. Araştırmanın bağımsız değişkeni dijitalleşme ile bağımlı değişkeni işletme performansı arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki vardır. En güçlü ilişkinin ise dijitalleşme ve inovasyon yeteneği arasında olduğu görülmüştür. İnovasyon yeteneği ile işletme performansı arasında da oldukça güçlü bir ilişki vardır. Yapısal eşitlik modeli sonuçları, imalat sanayinde faaliyet gösteren KOBİ’lerde dijitalleşmenin işletme performansı üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğunu ve bu etkide inovasyon yeteneğinin aracı rolü bulunduğu göstermiştir. Diğer bir ifadeyle, imalatçı KOBİ’lerde dijitalleşme kullanılarak inovasyon yeteneğinin artırılabileceği, bunun da performans artışına ve pazarda daha rekabetçi konuma ulaşılmasına katkı sağlayacağı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, dijitalleşmenin inovasyon yeteneğini ve işletme performansını artırma potansiyeli dikkate alındığında önemli bir rekabet avantajı aracı olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükte İşletme (KOBİ)
• Dijitalleşme
• İnovasyon Yeteneği
• Performans

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