Research Article

'Spotlights on set workers': Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry

Number: 70 July 8, 2026
EN TR

'Spotlights on set workers': Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry

Abstract

This article examines the working conditions of set workers in Türkiye’s film and television industry through the lenses of labour law and media policy. In creative industries, flexible employment has transformed precarity into a structural fixture, driven by a legal framework that fails to regulate sector-specific dynamics. Based on a large-scale survey of 1,181 participants, the study reveals how precarity has become institutionalized. Key findings highlight that most workers operate without written contracts, engage in short-term project-based tasks, face delayed payments, and endure excessive hours. Consequently, these workers are often excluded from the legal definition of ‘employee’ under Turkish Labour Law, stripping them of essential social protections. The study proposes adopting the ‘dependent contractor’ status as an intermediate legal category to address these gaps. Ultimately, the article argues that solving these issues requires more than just legal reform; it necessitates a fundamental structural transformation in the political economy and organization of creative labour.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Media Technologies, New Media

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

July 8, 2026

Submission Date

March 19, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 27, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 70

APA
Erol, A., & Usta, E. K. (2026). ’Spotlights on set workers’: Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, 70, 103-120. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2026-1661060
AMA
1.Erol A, Usta EK. ’Spotlights on set workers’: Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2026;(70):103-120. doi:10.26650/CONNECTIST2026-1661060
Chicago
Erol, Abdullah, and Emine Kübra Usta. 2026. “’Spotlights on Set Workers’: Working Conditions in the Turkish Film and TV Industry”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, nos. 70: 103-20. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2026-1661060.
EndNote
Erol A, Usta EK (July 1, 2026) ’Spotlights on set workers’: Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences 70 103–120.
IEEE
[1]A. Erol and E. K. Usta, “’Spotlights on set workers’: Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry”, Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 70, pp. 103–120, July 2026, doi: 10.26650/CONNECTIST2026-1661060.
ISNAD
Erol, Abdullah - Usta, Emine Kübra. “’Spotlights on Set Workers’: Working Conditions in the Turkish Film and TV Industry”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 70 (July 1, 2026): 103-120. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2026-1661060.
JAMA
1.Erol A, Usta EK. ’Spotlights on set workers’: Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2026;:103–120.
MLA
Erol, Abdullah, and Emine Kübra Usta. “’Spotlights on Set Workers’: Working Conditions in the Turkish Film and TV Industry”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 70, July 2026, pp. 103-20, doi:10.26650/CONNECTIST2026-1661060.
Vancouver
1.Abdullah Erol, Emine Kübra Usta. ’Spotlights on set workers’: Working conditions in the Turkish film and TV industry. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2026 Jul. 1;(70):103-20. doi:10.26650/CONNECTIST2026-1661060