Theoretical Foundations of Project Based Curricula in Higher Education

Abstract

Globalization of knowledge, development in society, culture, politics, economy, technology and industry, change in quality, national and international competition, and the knowledge, skills and competences demanded from the individuals in professional life lead to radical changes in education and instruction. This worldwide change requires the reconstruction of educational systems and development of new curricula. The educational level where the need for restructuring is felt most is higher education. Within this context, higher education curricula should align with the qualifications of the 21^st century, which is also called information age. The purpose of this literature review study is to explain the key characteristics of PBL (project-based learning) curricula as follows: the historical development of PBL, key characteristics of PBL, the characteristics of PBL curriculum components and PBL curriculum strategies in higher education. As PBL curricula, which support all the roles that universities should have (education, research, knowledge production and service to the community), are appropriate for the new generation universities, they should be analyzed through more research and within different aspects. 

Keywords

• Higher education,Higher education curriculum,University 4.0,Project-based learning approach,Project-based curriculum

Yükseköğretimde Proje Tabanlı Eğitim Programlarının Kuramsal Temelleri

Abstract

Bilginin küreselleşmesi, toplum, kültür, siyaset, ekonomi, teknoloji, endüstri alanlarında yaşanan gelişim, kalite anlayışındaki değişim, ulusal ve uluslararası rekabet ve yeni meslek alanlarının bireylerden talep ettiği bilgi, beceri ve yetkinlikler eğitim-öğretimde köklü değişmelere neden olmaktadır. Tüm dünyada yaşanan bu değişim, eğitim sistemlerinin ve eğitim programlarının yeniden yapılandırılmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Yeniden yapılandırılma ihtiyacının en çok hissedildiği eğitim kademesi ise yükseköğretimdir. Bu bağlamda, yükseköğretimde eğitim programlarının bilgi çağı olarak adlandırılan 21. yy. niteliklerine uygun hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir. Yükseköğretimde proje tabanlı eğitim programlarının temel boyutlarıyla açıklanmasını amaçlayan bu derleme çalışması dört temel başlık altında yapılandırılmıştır: yükseköğretimde proje tabanlı eğitim programlarının tarihsel gelişimi, proje tabanlı eğitim programlarının temel özellikleri, proje tabanlı eğitim programlarında dört temel yapısal boyutun özellikleri, yükseköğretimde proje tabanlı eğitim programlarında tasarım stratejileri. Üniversitelerin sahip olması gereken eğitim-öğretim, araştırma, bilgi üretimi ve topluma fayda sağlama görevlerinin tümünü destekleyen proje tabanlı eğitim programlarının yeni nesil üniversitelere uygun nitelikler taşıması nedeniyle, bu programların farklı boyutlarıyla incelenmesi ve daha çok araştırmaya konu olması gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• Yükseköğretim,Yükseköğretimde eğitim programları,Üniversite 4.0,Proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımı,Proje tabanlı eğitim programı

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