Research Article
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Web 2.0 Supported Flipped Learning Model: EFL Students’ Perceptions and Motivation

Year 2021, Volume: 50 Issue: 2, 858 - 876, 29.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.14812/cuefd.944217

Abstract

This article presents an action research study examining the implementation of flipped classroom model supported with Web 2.0 technology to provide opportunities to use the target language and to motivate learners. Our participants were 12th grade language class students who were learning English as foreign language in a state school in Turkey. Our data came from a variety of sources including pre-and post-treatment questionnaires, teacher journals, lesson evaluation forms, observation tasks, and semi-structured interviews. Our findings revealed that participating students held positive perceptions and a high level of motivation towards the integration of Web 2.0 technology to Flipped Classroom in their English language learning process. Additionally, they reported a number of advantages associated with flipped learning model and Web 2.0 tools such as increased readiness to the lesson, improvement in variety of language and 4C (i.e., critical thinking, creative thinking, communicating and collaborating) skills, fostered teamwork and boosted creativity. In light of our findings, we propose pedagogical implications for EFL practices.

References

  • Abdelrahman, L. A. M., DeWitt, D., Alias, N., & Rahman, M. N. A. (2017). Flipped learning for ESL writing in a Sudanese school. TOJET, 16(3), 60-70.
  • Alghasab, M. B. (2020). Flipping the writing classroom: focusing on the pedagogical benefits and EFL learners’ perceptions. English Language Teaching, 13(4), 28-40. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n4p28
  • Alsowat, H. (2016). An EFL flipped classroom teaching model: Effects on English language higher-order thinking skills, student engagement and satisfaction. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(9), 108-121.
  • Bajurny, A. (2014). An investigation into the effects of flip teaching on student learning. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Toronto, Canada. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/67002/1/Bajurny_Amy_E_2014April_MT_MTRP.pdf
  • Bin-Hady, W.R.A., & Hazaea, A.N. (2021), "EFL students’ achievement and attitudes towards flipped pronunciation class: correlational study", PSU Research Review, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/PRR-09-2020-0029
  • Burns, A. (1999). Collaborative action research for English language teachers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bustamante, C., Hurlbut, S., & Moeller, A. K. (2012). Web 2.0 and language learners: moving from consumers to creators. Faculty Publications: Department of Teaching, Learning and Teacher Education. 180. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/teachlearnfacpub/180
  • Campillo-Ferrer, J.M., & Miralles-Martínez, P. (2021). Effectiveness of the flipped classroom model on students’ self-reported motivation and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00860-4
  • Cheng, L. (2003). Looking at the impact of a public examination change on secondary classroom teaching: A Hong Kong case study. Journal of Classroom Interaction, 38(1), 1-10.
  • Cheng, L. (2005). Changing language teaching through language testing: a washback study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chotimah, I., & Rafi, M. (2018). The effectiveness of using Kahoot as a media in teaching reading. E-Link Journal, 5(1), 19-29.
  • Cummings, L. (2015). Flipping the online classroom with web 2.0: the asynchronous workshop. Business & Professional Communication Quarterly, 79(1), 81-101. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329490615602250
  • Deghaidy, H. E., & Nouby, A. (2008). Effectiveness of a blend-ed e-learning cooperative approach in an Egyptian teacher education programme. Computers and Education, 51(3), 988-1006.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2007.10.001
  • Delozier, S. (2017). Flipped classrooms: a review of key ideas and recommendations for practice. Educational Psychology Review, 29(1), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-015-9356-9
  • Ekmekçi, E. (2021). The flipped writing classroom in Turkish EFL context: A comparative study on a new model. TOJET, 18(2), 151-167. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.306566
  • Fethi, K., & Marshall, H. W. (2018). Flipping movies for dynamic engagement. In J. Mehring & A. Leis (Eds.), Innovations in flipping the language classroom: Theories and Practices. (pp. 185-202). Singapore: Springer.
  • Fulton, K. (2012). Upside down and inside out: flip your classroom to improve student learning. Learning & Leading with Technology, 39(8), 12-17.
  • Girgin, E. G. (2011). A web 2.0 tool for language teaching with flash content. Procedia Computer Science, 3, 627–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.105
  • Ghufron, M. A., & Nurdianingsih, F. (2021). Flipped classroom method with computer-assisted language Learning (CALL) in EFL writing class. IJLTER, 20(1), 120-141. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.1.7
  • Hahighi, H., Jafarigohar, M., Khoshsima, H., & Vahdany, F. (2019). Impact of flipped classroom on EFL learners' appropriate use of refusal: achievement, participation, perception. CALL, 32(3), 261-293. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1504083
  • Hien, T. T. T. (2009). Why is action research suitable for education?. VNU Journal of Science, Foreign Languages, 25, 97-106.
  • Horzum, M. B. (2007). Web based new instructional technologies: web 2.0 tools. Eğitim Bilimleri ve Uygulama [Educational Sciences and Practice], 6(12), 99-121.
  • Hoy, C. (2016). Using Edmodo to build personal learning networks and develop digital literacies. In A. Burns & N. Kurtoğlu-Hooton (Eds.), Using Action Research to Explore Technology in Language Teaching: International Perspectives. (ELT research papers 16.06), (pp. 46–48). London: British Council.
  • İlter, B. G. (2009). Effect of technology on motivation in EFL classrooms. TOJDE, 10(4), 136-158.
  • Johnson, G. B. (2013). Student perceptions of the flipped classroom. Unpublished master’s thesis, The University of British Columbia, Canada. https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0073641
  • Kang, N. (2015). The comparison between regular and flipped classrooms for EFL Korean adult learners. Multimedia-Assisted Language Learning, 18(3), 41- 72. https://doi.org/10.15702/mall.2015.18.3.41
  • Karabulut, A. (2007). Micro level impacts of foreign language test (university entrance examination) in Turkey: a washback study. Unpublished master’s thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, USA. http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/14884/
  • Kemmis, S. and R. McTaggart. (2000). Participatory action research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (pp. 559-603). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • King, N. H. & Yunus, M. M. (2021). What do Malaysian ESL teachers think about flipped classroom? International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20(3), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.3.8
  • Köroğlu, Z. Ç., & Çakır, A. (2017). Implementation of flipped instruction in language classrooms: an alternative way to develop speaking skills of pre-service English language teachers. IJEDICT, 13(2), 42-55.
  • Knzevic, L., Zupanec, V., & Raduvolic, B. (2020). Flipping the classroom to enhance academic learning in an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) Course. SAGE Open, 10(3), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020957052
  • Kurniawati, N. (2020). Initiating flipped classroom informing the 4C skills among English education students. IJLECR, 6(1), 74-86. https:// doi.org/10.21009/IJLECR.061.11
  • Lee, Y. Y. & Martin, K. I. (2020). The flipped classroom in ESL teacher education: An example from CALL. Education and Information Technologies, 25(4), 2605-2633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10082-6
  • Lee, L., Park, T., & Davis, R. O. (2018). What affects learner engagement in flipped learning and what predicts its outcomes?: FL engagement and outcomes. British Journal of Educational Technology, 1(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12717
  • Leis, A. (2016). Flipped learning and EFL proficiency: an empirical study. TELES Journal, 36, 77-90.
  • Li, Z., & Zhou, X. (2021). Flipping a virtual public speaking class integrated with Moocs during the Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 3(1), 178-195. https://doi.org/10.46451/ijts.2021.03.05
  • Liu, X., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., & Tian, Y. (2020). The further study of the blended learning of the Video-aural-oral Course – the combination of web-based learning, flipped classroom and face-to-face instruction. Education Journal, 9(3), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20200903.12
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Mu, Z. (2017). Affordance-based mobile learning in a flipped classroom to enhance CFL learners’ oral proficiency: A comparative study. 2nd International Conference on Education, E-learning and Management Technology (EEMT), (pp. 106-11). Xi’an, China: DEStech Transactions on Social Science Education and Human Science. https://doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/eemt2017/14417
  • Nederveld, A., & Berge, Z. L. (2015). Flipped learning in the workplace. Journal of Workplace Learning, 27(2), 162-172.
  • Oktay, A. (2015). Foreign language teaching: a problem in Turkish education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 584-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.587
  • Ökmen, B. & Kılıç, A. (2021). The effect of layered flipped learning model on academic success. Participatory Educational Research, 8(3), 300-322. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.21.67.8.3
  • Öztürk, M., & Çakıroğlu, Ü. (2021). Flipped learning design in EFL classrooms: implementing self-regulated learning strategies to develop language skills. Smart Learning Environments, 8(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-021-00146-x
  • Pozo-Sanchez, S., Lopez-Belmonte, Fuentes-Cabrera, A., & Lopez-Nunez, J. (2021). Twitch as a techno-pedagogical resource to complement the flipped learning methodology in a time of academic uncertainty. Sustainability, 13(9), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094901
  • Ramirez, M. (2018). In-class flip: flipping a literature class for student-centered learning. In J. Mehring & A. Leis (Eds.), Innovations in flipping the language classroom: Theories and Practices (pp. 185-202). Singapore: Springer.
  • Safiyeh, H. A., & Farrah, M. (2020). Investigating the effectiveness of flipped learning on enhancing students’ English language skills. English Review: Journal of English Education, 9(1), 193-204. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v9i1.3799
  • Saif, S. (2006). Aiming for positive washback: a case study of international teaching assistants. Language Testing, 23(1), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1191/0265532206lt322oa
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Web 2.0 Destekli Ters-Yüz Öğrenme Modeli: İngilizceyi Yabancı Dil Olarak Öğrenen Öğrencilerin Algıları ve Motivasyonları

Year 2021, Volume: 50 Issue: 2, 858 - 876, 29.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.14812/cuefd.944217

Abstract

Bu çalışmada dil öğrenen öğrencilerin motivasyonlarını ve dil kullanımlarını arttırmak için web 2.0 teknolojisi ile desteklenen ters-yüz öğretme modelinin uygulanması incelenmiştir. Eylem araştırması modelinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmanın katılımcıları Türkiye’de bir devlet okulunda 12. sınıfa devam eden ve İngilizceyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen öğrencilerdir. Çalışmada hem nitel hem de nicel veri toplama araçları kullanılmıştır. Bu araçlar: uygulama öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan anketler, öğretmen günlükleri, ders değerlendirme formları, gözlem görevleri ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerdir. Araştırma sonucunda elde ettiğimiz bulgular, katılımcı öğrencilerin İngilizce öğrenme süreçlerinde web 2.0 teknolojisinin ters-yüz sınıf modeline entegrasyonuna yönelik olumlu algılara ve yüksek düzeyde motivasyona sahip olduklarını ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgulara ilaveten katılımcılar, ters yüz öğrenme modeli ve Web 2.0 araçlarına ilişkin olarak derse daha fazla hazır olma, çeşitli dil ve 4C (iletişim kurma, iş birliği, yaratıcılık, eleştirel düşünme) becerilerinde gelişme, ekip çalışmasını teşvik etme ve yaratıcılıklarında artış gibi bir dizi avantaj bildirdiler. Araştırma bulguları ışığında, İngilizceyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenme uygulamaları açısından pedagojik çıkarımlar yapılmıştır.

References

  • Abdelrahman, L. A. M., DeWitt, D., Alias, N., & Rahman, M. N. A. (2017). Flipped learning for ESL writing in a Sudanese school. TOJET, 16(3), 60-70.
  • Alghasab, M. B. (2020). Flipping the writing classroom: focusing on the pedagogical benefits and EFL learners’ perceptions. English Language Teaching, 13(4), 28-40. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n4p28
  • Alsowat, H. (2016). An EFL flipped classroom teaching model: Effects on English language higher-order thinking skills, student engagement and satisfaction. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(9), 108-121.
  • Bajurny, A. (2014). An investigation into the effects of flip teaching on student learning. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Toronto, Canada. https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/67002/1/Bajurny_Amy_E_2014April_MT_MTRP.pdf
  • Bin-Hady, W.R.A., & Hazaea, A.N. (2021), "EFL students’ achievement and attitudes towards flipped pronunciation class: correlational study", PSU Research Review, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/PRR-09-2020-0029
  • Burns, A. (1999). Collaborative action research for English language teachers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bustamante, C., Hurlbut, S., & Moeller, A. K. (2012). Web 2.0 and language learners: moving from consumers to creators. Faculty Publications: Department of Teaching, Learning and Teacher Education. 180. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/teachlearnfacpub/180
  • Campillo-Ferrer, J.M., & Miralles-Martínez, P. (2021). Effectiveness of the flipped classroom model on students’ self-reported motivation and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00860-4
  • Cheng, L. (2003). Looking at the impact of a public examination change on secondary classroom teaching: A Hong Kong case study. Journal of Classroom Interaction, 38(1), 1-10.
  • Cheng, L. (2005). Changing language teaching through language testing: a washback study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Chotimah, I., & Rafi, M. (2018). The effectiveness of using Kahoot as a media in teaching reading. E-Link Journal, 5(1), 19-29.
  • Cummings, L. (2015). Flipping the online classroom with web 2.0: the asynchronous workshop. Business & Professional Communication Quarterly, 79(1), 81-101. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329490615602250
  • Deghaidy, H. E., & Nouby, A. (2008). Effectiveness of a blend-ed e-learning cooperative approach in an Egyptian teacher education programme. Computers and Education, 51(3), 988-1006.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2007.10.001
  • Delozier, S. (2017). Flipped classrooms: a review of key ideas and recommendations for practice. Educational Psychology Review, 29(1), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-015-9356-9
  • Ekmekçi, E. (2021). The flipped writing classroom in Turkish EFL context: A comparative study on a new model. TOJET, 18(2), 151-167. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.306566
  • Fethi, K., & Marshall, H. W. (2018). Flipping movies for dynamic engagement. In J. Mehring & A. Leis (Eds.), Innovations in flipping the language classroom: Theories and Practices. (pp. 185-202). Singapore: Springer.
  • Fulton, K. (2012). Upside down and inside out: flip your classroom to improve student learning. Learning & Leading with Technology, 39(8), 12-17.
  • Girgin, E. G. (2011). A web 2.0 tool for language teaching with flash content. Procedia Computer Science, 3, 627–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.105
  • Ghufron, M. A., & Nurdianingsih, F. (2021). Flipped classroom method with computer-assisted language Learning (CALL) in EFL writing class. IJLTER, 20(1), 120-141. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.1.7
  • Hahighi, H., Jafarigohar, M., Khoshsima, H., & Vahdany, F. (2019). Impact of flipped classroom on EFL learners' appropriate use of refusal: achievement, participation, perception. CALL, 32(3), 261-293. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1504083
  • Hien, T. T. T. (2009). Why is action research suitable for education?. VNU Journal of Science, Foreign Languages, 25, 97-106.
  • Horzum, M. B. (2007). Web based new instructional technologies: web 2.0 tools. Eğitim Bilimleri ve Uygulama [Educational Sciences and Practice], 6(12), 99-121.
  • Hoy, C. (2016). Using Edmodo to build personal learning networks and develop digital literacies. In A. Burns & N. Kurtoğlu-Hooton (Eds.), Using Action Research to Explore Technology in Language Teaching: International Perspectives. (ELT research papers 16.06), (pp. 46–48). London: British Council.
  • İlter, B. G. (2009). Effect of technology on motivation in EFL classrooms. TOJDE, 10(4), 136-158.
  • Johnson, G. B. (2013). Student perceptions of the flipped classroom. Unpublished master’s thesis, The University of British Columbia, Canada. https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0073641
  • Kang, N. (2015). The comparison between regular and flipped classrooms for EFL Korean adult learners. Multimedia-Assisted Language Learning, 18(3), 41- 72. https://doi.org/10.15702/mall.2015.18.3.41
  • Karabulut, A. (2007). Micro level impacts of foreign language test (university entrance examination) in Turkey: a washback study. Unpublished master’s thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, USA. http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/14884/
  • Kemmis, S. and R. McTaggart. (2000). Participatory action research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (pp. 559-603). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • King, N. H. & Yunus, M. M. (2021). What do Malaysian ESL teachers think about flipped classroom? International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20(3), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.3.8
  • Köroğlu, Z. Ç., & Çakır, A. (2017). Implementation of flipped instruction in language classrooms: an alternative way to develop speaking skills of pre-service English language teachers. IJEDICT, 13(2), 42-55.
  • Knzevic, L., Zupanec, V., & Raduvolic, B. (2020). Flipping the classroom to enhance academic learning in an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) Course. SAGE Open, 10(3), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020957052
  • Kurniawati, N. (2020). Initiating flipped classroom informing the 4C skills among English education students. IJLECR, 6(1), 74-86. https:// doi.org/10.21009/IJLECR.061.11
  • Lee, Y. Y. & Martin, K. I. (2020). The flipped classroom in ESL teacher education: An example from CALL. Education and Information Technologies, 25(4), 2605-2633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10082-6
  • Lee, L., Park, T., & Davis, R. O. (2018). What affects learner engagement in flipped learning and what predicts its outcomes?: FL engagement and outcomes. British Journal of Educational Technology, 1(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12717
  • Leis, A. (2016). Flipped learning and EFL proficiency: an empirical study. TELES Journal, 36, 77-90.
  • Li, Z., & Zhou, X. (2021). Flipping a virtual public speaking class integrated with Moocs during the Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 3(1), 178-195. https://doi.org/10.46451/ijts.2021.03.05
  • Liu, X., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., & Tian, Y. (2020). The further study of the blended learning of the Video-aural-oral Course – the combination of web-based learning, flipped classroom and face-to-face instruction. Education Journal, 9(3), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20200903.12
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Mu, Z. (2017). Affordance-based mobile learning in a flipped classroom to enhance CFL learners’ oral proficiency: A comparative study. 2nd International Conference on Education, E-learning and Management Technology (EEMT), (pp. 106-11). Xi’an, China: DEStech Transactions on Social Science Education and Human Science. https://doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/eemt2017/14417
  • Nederveld, A., & Berge, Z. L. (2015). Flipped learning in the workplace. Journal of Workplace Learning, 27(2), 162-172.
  • Oktay, A. (2015). Foreign language teaching: a problem in Turkish education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 584-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.587
  • Ökmen, B. & Kılıç, A. (2021). The effect of layered flipped learning model on academic success. Participatory Educational Research, 8(3), 300-322. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.21.67.8.3
  • Öztürk, M., & Çakıroğlu, Ü. (2021). Flipped learning design in EFL classrooms: implementing self-regulated learning strategies to develop language skills. Smart Learning Environments, 8(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-021-00146-x
  • Pozo-Sanchez, S., Lopez-Belmonte, Fuentes-Cabrera, A., & Lopez-Nunez, J. (2021). Twitch as a techno-pedagogical resource to complement the flipped learning methodology in a time of academic uncertainty. Sustainability, 13(9), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094901
  • Ramirez, M. (2018). In-class flip: flipping a literature class for student-centered learning. In J. Mehring & A. Leis (Eds.), Innovations in flipping the language classroom: Theories and Practices (pp. 185-202). Singapore: Springer.
  • Safiyeh, H. A., & Farrah, M. (2020). Investigating the effectiveness of flipped learning on enhancing students’ English language skills. English Review: Journal of English Education, 9(1), 193-204. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v9i1.3799
  • Saif, S. (2006). Aiming for positive washback: a case study of international teaching assistants. Language Testing, 23(1), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1191/0265532206lt322oa
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There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Article
Authors

Pınar Girgin 0000-0002-6611-8154

Neşe Cabaroğlu 0000-0002-2174-5410

Publication Date October 29, 2021
Submission Date May 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 50 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Girgin, P., & Cabaroğlu, N. (2021). Web 2.0 Supported Flipped Learning Model: EFL Students’ Perceptions and Motivation. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 50(2), 858-876. https://doi.org/10.14812/cuefd.944217

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