The Effect of Twelve-Week Karate and Salsa Dance Training on the Physical Fitness Performance of University Students

Year 2023, Volume: 52 Issue: 1, 160 - 179, 30.04.2023

Cenab Türkeri , Gonca Ince

https://doi.org/10.14812/cuefd.1194276

Cited By: 1

Abstract

This study was performed to determine the effect of 12-weeks Karate and Salsa Dance training on the physical fitness performances of university students. A total of 124 students (age: 21.35 ± 1.59 year; height: 1.70 ± 0.08 cm; body weight: 67.1 ± 10.78 kg) have voluntarily participated in the study. The participants were divided into three groups using a random coin toss. The numbers of Karate group (KG), the Salsa Dance Group (SDG) and Control Group (COG) are 43 people (20 female, 23 male), 40 people (17 female, 23 male) and 41 people (12 female, 29 male), respectively. Technical training programs including two days a week and 90 minutes a day for 12 weeks were applied to the KG and SDG members accepting to the study. Body weight, height measurement, BMI calculation, bass stick balance test, handgrip strength test in upper and lower extremity strength measurements, wall squat leg strength test and plate tapping test for movement speed were performed to all participants before and after 12 weeks training. Since the data did not show normal distribution, Kruskal Wallis test was used in more than two groups and Mann Whitney-U test was used in binary comparisons. Looking at the results of KG and SDG, it was found that the BMI and muscle strength values of KG were better than the SDG values (p= .00). It was determined that the static balance values of SDG were higher than KG (p= 0.00). However, there was no significant difference between the movement speed of both groups (p> .05). All physical fitness parameters of both groups were found to be better than COG. We can suggest that sedentary individuals can benefit from karate technique training in gaining muscle strength. In addition, we can emphasize that it may be more appropriate to use salsa dance training in the development of static balance.

Keywords

Sedentary, Static Balance, Salsa Dance, Karate, Body Mass Index

Supporting Institution

Funding: This research was supported by Çukurova University Scientific Research Projects Unit (BAP) with the project code TSA-2018-10550

Project Number

10550

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Uygunluk Performansları Üzerine On iki Haftalık Karate ve Salsa Dans Antrenmanlarının Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel uygunluk performansları üzerine 12 haftalık Karate ve Salsa Dans antrenmanlarının etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya, Çukurova Üniversitesi’nde farklı fakültelerde okuyan toplam 124 öğrenci (yaş: 21.35 ± 1.59 yıl; boy: 1.70 ± 0.08 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 67.1 ± 10.78 kg) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, tesadüfi yöntemle 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Gruplar; Karate Grubu (KG) 43 kişi (20 kadın, 23 erkek), Salsa Dans Grubu (SDG) 40 kişi (17 kadın, 23 erkek) ve Kontrol Grubu (COG) 41 kişiden (12 kadın, 29 erkek) oluşmuştur. Çalışmaya alınan KG ve SDG gruplarına 12 hafta boyunca haftada iki gün ve günde 90 dk teknik antrenman programları uygulanmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara 12 hafta öncesinde ve sonrasında vücut ağırlığı, boy ölçümü, Vücut Kütle İndeksi (BMI), Bass stick denge testi, üst ve alt extremite kuvvet ölçümlerinde el kavrama kuvveti testi ve wall squat bacak kuvveti testi, hareket hızı için disklere dokunma testi ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Veriler normal dağılım göstermediği için karşılaştırmalarda, ikiden fazla gruplarda Kruskal Wallis testi, ikili karşılaştırmalarda ise Mann Whitney-U testi kullanılmıştır. KG ve SDG grup sonuçlarına bakıldığında; KG grubunun BMI ve kas kuvveti (alt ve üst extremite) değerlerinin SDG grubunun değerlerinden daha iyi çıktığı tespit edilmiştir (p< .05). SDG grubunun statik denge değerlerinin ise KG grubundan daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p< .05). Ancak, her iki grubun hareket hızları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Her iki grubun tüm fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerinin ise COG grubundan daha iyi olduğu bulunmuştur. Sedanter bireylerin kas kuvveti kazanımında karate teknik antrenmanlarından yararlanabileceklerini önerebiliriz. Ayrıca, statik denge gelişiminde ise özellikle salsa türü dans antrenmanlarının kullanılmasının daha uygun olabileceğini vurgulayabiliriz.

Keywords

Sedanter, Statik Denge, Salsa Dans, Karate, Vücut Kütle İndeksi

Project Number

10550

References

• Akindutire, I. O., & Olanipekun, J. A. (2017). Sedentary life-style as inhibition to good quality of life and longevity. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(13), 39–43.
• Arslan, E., Ince, G., & Akyuz, M. (2020). Effects of a 12-week structured circuit exercise program on physical fitness levels of children with autism spectrum condition and typically developing children. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 68(4), 500–510, https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1819943
• Banio, A. (2020). The influence of Latin dance classes on the improvement of life quality of elderly people in Europe. Sustainability, 12(6), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062155
• Borba-Pinheiro, C. J., Dantas, E. H. M., De Jesus, F. P., Rocha-Júnior, O. R. B., Drigo, A. J., Carvalho, M. C. G. A., & De Figueiredo, N. M. A. (2016). Adapted karate training on functional autonomy, muscle strength and quality of life of elderly man with osteoporosis: A clinical case. Archives of Budo Science of Martial Arts and Extreme Sports, 12, 71–76.
• Chananie, J. (1999). The physics of karate strikes. Journal of How Things Work, 1, 1–4.
• Chyu, M. C., Zhang, Y., Brismée, J. M., Dagda, R. Y., Chaung, E., Von Bergen, V., Doctolero, S., & Shen, C. L. (2013). Effects of martial arts exercise on body composition, serum biomarkers and quality of life in overweight/obese premenopausal women: A pilot study. Clinical Medicine Insights: Women's Health, 6, 55–65. https://doi.org/10.4137/CMWH.S11997
• De Souza, F., Lanzendorf, F. N., de Souza, M. M. M., Schuelter-Trevisol, F., & Trevisol, D. J. (2020). Effectiveness of martial arts exercise on anthropometric and body composition parameters of overweight and obese subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09340-x
• Granacher, U., Muehlbauer, T., Bridenbaugh, S. A., Wolf, M., Roth, R., Gschwind, Y., Wolf, I., Mata, R., & Kressig, R. W. (2012). Effects of a salsa dance training on balance and strength performance in older adults. Gerontology, 58(4), 305–312. https://doi.org/10.1159/000334814
• Grubješić, M., & Stanković, O. (2020). Differences in motor abilities between competitive and recreational karate practitioners at adolescent age. SPORT - Science & Practice, 10(1), 39–46.
• España-Romero, V., Ortega, F. B., Vicente-Rodríguez, G., Artero, E. G., Rey, J. P., & Ruiz, J. R. (2010). Elbow position affects handgrip strength in adolescents: Validity and reliability of Jamar, DynEx, and TKK dynamometers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(1), 272–277. https://dx.doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013 e3181b296a5
• Ince, G. (2017). Effects of 8-week ballhandling traning program on upper-lower extremity strength of individuals with down syndrome. European Journal of Special Education Research, 2(3), 88–106. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.377029
• Karavarsamis, S., Ververidis, D., Chantas, G., Nikolopoulos, S., & Kompatsiaris, Y. (2016). Classifying Salsa dance steps from skeletal poses. 14th International Workshop on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMI.2016.7500244
• MacDonncha, C., Watson, A. S., McSweeney, T., & O’Donovan, D. (1999). Reliability of eurofit physical items for adolescent males with and without mental retardation. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 16, 86–95. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.16.1.86
• Mangeri, F., Montesi, L., Forlani, G., Dalle Grave, R., & Marchesini, G. (2014). A standard ballroom and Latin dance program to improve fitness and adherence to physical activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes and in obesity. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 6(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1758-5996-6-74
• Mayda, M. H., Karakoc, O., & Ozdal, M. (2016). The investigation of some physical, physiological and anthropometric parameters of visually impaired and non-impaired a National Male Judoka. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(6), 192–198. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v4i6.1444
• Monleón, C., Pablos, A., Carnide, F., Martín, M., & Pablos, C. (2014). Effects of a rhythmic and choreographic program in obese and overweight participants. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 30(3), 622–628. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2014.30.3.7365
• Moradi, A., & Esmaeilzadeh, S. (2015). Association between reaction time, speed and agility in schoollboys. Sport Sciences for Health, 11(3), 251–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-015-0230-4
• Nakayama, M. (1987). Best karate–unsu, sochin, nijushio (1st ed.). Kodansha International Ltd.
• Nowak, P. F., Bożek, A., & Blukacz, M. (2019). Physical activity, sedentary behavior and quality of life among university students. BioMed Research International, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9791281
• Ospina, H. C. (1996). Salsa Havana ateşi. (B. Toptaş, Çev.). Gökkuşağı Basın Yayın.
• Popović, R., Aleksić, A., Stojanović, D., Stefanović, M., Božić, S., & Popović, M. (2017). Evaluation of the physical fitness level in physical education female students using Eurofit-Test. International Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education, 2(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsspe.20170201.11
• Puciato, D., Rozpara, M., & Borysiuk, Z. (2018). Physical activity as a determinant of quality of life in working-age people in Wrocław. Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(4), 623. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040623
• Rolland, C. (2008). Le mambo et la salsa portoricaine. ROLLAND Editions.
• Safrit, M. J., & Wood, T. M. (1995). Introduction to measurement in physical education and ex̄ercise science (3rd ed.). CV Mosby Co.
• Turkish Karate Federation. (2017). TKF Regulation of Kyu Exemination. Turkish Karate Federation. https://www.karate.gov.tr/source/evrak/Evraklar2014/Kyu_Dan_Sinav_Sorulari.rar
• Turkeri, C. (2014). The effects of 12 weekly salsa training on BMI and static balance. The Journal of Cukurova University Education Faculty, 44(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.14812/cufej.2015.001
• Unson, Jr. C. J., & Lama, J. P. T. (2018). Applying Nietzsche’s ubermensch and Kant’s deontology in improving the attitude of karate tournament spectators. Suri, 7(1), 94–105.
• Wu, X. Y., Han, L. H., Zhang, J. H., Luo, S., Hu, J. W., & Sun, K. (2017). The influence of physical activity, sedentary behavior on health-related quality of life among the general population of children and adolescents: A systematic review. PloS one, 12(11), e0187668. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187668
• Zwierzchowska, A., Żebrowska, A., Gawlik, K., Smółka, W., Molik, B., Gomez, M. A., & Navia, J. A. (2020). Coordination motor abilities and somatic growth of children and adolescents with hearing impairments. European Journal of Human Movement, 44, 95–110. https://doi.org/10.21134/eurjhm.44.504