COVID-19 pandemisi ve tükenmişlik: sağlık çalışanları arasında tükenmişlik düzeyleriyle ilişkili faktörler

Year 2023, Volume: 48 Issue: 2, 669 - 678, 02.07.2023

Nilgün Çukurova , Perihan Çam Ray , Ayten Bölükbaşı , Gonca Çelik

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1273743

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 pandemisinde sağlık çalışanlarının tükenmişlik düzeylerini etkileyen psikososyal ve demografik faktörler araştırılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Türkiye'de Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Balcalı Hastanesi'nde görev yapan toplam 418 sağlık çalışanı üzerinde kesitsel ve betimsel bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar rastgele seçilirken 33 açık ve kapalı uçlu sorudan oluşan sosyodemografik kişisel bilgi formu, Koronavirüs Kaygı Ölçeği, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ve Beck Tükenmişlik Ölçeği uygulandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızın örneklemini Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi‘nde yaşları 19 ile 63 (ort= 35.51±9.38) arasında değişen, 284‘ü (% 61.8) kadın, 132‘si (% 31.7) erkek ve 2‘si (% 0.5) cinsiyetini belirtmeyen olmak üzere 418 sağlık çalışanı oluşturmuştur. Sağlık çalışanlarında duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma puanlarının Beck anksiyete ve Covid-19 anksiyete punaları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu görülürken, kişisel başarı puanlarının ise söz konusu bu değişkenler ile anlamlı düzeyde, ancak negatif yönde ilişki görülmüştür. Ayrıca, Beck anksiyete ve Covid-19 ilişkili anksiyete kadın olmanın, genç olmanın, bekâr olmanın, çocuk sahibi olmanın, kronik rahatsızlığa sahip olmanın, Covid-19 hastalığı geçirmenin, haftalık çalışma saatindeki artışın tükenmişliği arttıran faktörler olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: COVID-19 salgını sırasında ve sonrasında, sağlık çalışanlarının tükenmişliğini etkileyebilecek faktörleri ele almak ve çeşitli psikolojik destek biçimleri sunmak için düzenlemeler yapmak çok önemlidir

Keywords

Tükenmişlik, Covid-19, pandemi, sağlık çalışanları

COVID-19 pandemic and burnout: factors associated with burnout levels among healthcare workers

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the psychosocial and demographic factors influencing burnout levels among healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed on a total of 418 healthcare workers from Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Balcalı Hospital in Turkey. While the participants were selected randomly, a personal information form consisting of 33 open- and close-ended questions, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the Maslach Burnout Scale and the Beck Burnout were applied.
Results: They were 418 healthcare workers aged 19-63 (mean= 35.51±9.38), 284 of whom were 61.8% female, 132 (31.7%) of whom were male, and 2 (0.5%) of whom refused to specify their gender. The study found that emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores were significantly positively correlated with COVID-19 anxiety scores and Beck anxiety scores in healthcare workers, while personal accomplishment scores were significantly negatively correlated with these variables. The study also revealed that COVID-19 anxiety, Beck anxiety, being female, being young, being unmarried, having children, being diagnosed with COVID-19, having a chronic illness, and working more hours per week were all contributing factors to burnout.
Conclusion: Both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is very important to provide various forms of psychological support and make arrangements to address factors that can impact the burnout of healthcare professionals.

Keywords

Burnout, Covid-19, pandemic, healthcare workers

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