Hastanede yatan hastalarda antibiyotikle ilişkili advers olaylar ve risk faktörleri: prospektif kohort çalışması

Year 2023, Volume: 48 Issue: 3, 1024 - 1032, 30.09.2023

Orcun Soysal , İrfan Şencan , Nesibe Korkmaz

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1311112

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastanede yatan hastalarda antibiyotikle ilişkili advers olayları ve risk faktörlerini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu prospektif kohort çalışma, Ocak 2019 ile Aralık 2020 arasında antibiyotik tedavisi alan 776 yatan hastayı içermektedir. "kesin" veya "muhtemel" advers olay (AO) saptanan hastalar, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü-Uppsala İzleme Merkezi (DSÖ-UMC) kriterlerine göre incelenmiştir. Antibiyotikle ilişkili olumsuz olayların tanım ve ciddiyet kriterleri, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) kriterlerine göre belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Antibiyotikle ilişkili AO’ın genel oranı 1000 hasta günü başına 7.9 (95% CI, 6.8-9.1) idi. Çalışmada, AO yaşayan 125 hastada toplam 152 advers olayı tespit edildi. Bu 152 advers olayın 63'ü (%41.4) ciddi ve 89'u (%58.6) hafif advers olaylardı. AO için bağımsız risk faktörleri, komorbiditelerin sayısı (4 kat daha yüksek artmış risk), kullanılan ilaçların sayısı ve antibiyotik tedavisinin süresini (12.3 kat daha yüksek ve her ek gün için %8 artmış risk) içeriyordu. En yaygın yan etkiler hematolojikti ve hematolojik sistemde 45 (%29.6) olgu bildirilmişti.
Sonuç: Antibiyotik sürelerinin yönetimi, antibiyotikle ilişkili olumsuz olayların gelişiminde kontrol edilebilir bir faktör olduğu için kritiktir. Antibiyotiklerin rasyonel kullanımı, sadece direnç gelişimini önlemek açısından değil, aynı zamanda hayati risk taşıyabilecek olumsuz olayların sıklığını azaltmak açısından da önemlidir.

Keywords

Advers olaylar, antibiyotikler, risk faktörleri.

Antibiotic-related adverse events and risk factors in hospitalized patients: a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify antibiotic-related adverse events and risk factors in hospitalized patients.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 776 inpatients who received antibiotic treatment between January 2019 and December 2020. Patients who experienced "definite" or "probable" adverse drug events (ADE) were examined using the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Center (WHO-UMC) criteria. The definition and severity criteria for antibiotic-related adverse events were determined according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).
Results: The overall rate of antibiotic-associated ADE was 7.9 (95%CI, 6.8-9.1) per 1000 person-days. The study identified a total of 152 adverse events in 125 patients who experienced ADE. Among the 152 adverse events, 63 (41.4%) were severe, and 89 (58.6%) were non-severe. Independent risk factors for ADE included the number of comorbidities (up to 4 times higher increased risk), number of drugs used, and duration of antibiotic administration (up to 12.3 times higher and 8% increased risk for each additional day). The most common side effects were hematological, with 45 (29.6%) cases reported in the hematological system advers events.
Conclusion: The management of antibiotic durations, which is a controllable factor in the development of antibiotic-related adverse events, is crucial. Rational use of antibiotics is essential, not only in terms of preventing the development of resistance but also in terms of reducing the frequency of adverse events that may become life-threatening.

Keywords

Adverse event, Risk factors, Antibiotics

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