Japon Yeni Dinî Hareketi Ōmoto’nun Dinî-Fenomenolojik Tarihi

Öz

Ōmoto, Japon dinî tarihi içerisinde adından en çok söz ettiren, Şinto temelli bir Japon Yeni Dinî Hareketi (YDH)’dir. Japon tarihinde Meiji Dönemi itibariyle başlatılan hareket inanç ve ibadetleriyle dünyevi-politik düşüncelerini birleştirerek Taishō ve Shōwa dönemlerinde öne çıkmıştır. Modern dönemle birlikte pasifize olan hareket, içerisinde farklı eğilimlerin etkisiyle bölünme sürecine girmiştir. Günümüzde üç ayrı dinî grup olarak faaliyetlerini devam ettirmektedir. Ōmoto’nun dinî-fenomenolojik tarihini dikkate aldığımız araştırmamız Kuruluş Dönemi (1892-1918), Kurumsallaşma Dönemi (1918-1948) ve Yeniden Doğuş, Bölünme ve Pasiflik Dönemi (1948’den Günümüze) olmak üzere üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmamız ülkemiz ve dünya literatüründe Ōmoto’nun dinî-fenomenolojik tarihi açısından kapsayıcı nitelikte bir araştırma olup bu çalışmamızla literatüre katkı sağlanarak yeni araştırmalara fayda sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dinler Tarihi
• Yeni Dinî Hareketler
• Japon Yeni Dinî Hareketleri
• Japon Dinî Tarihi
• Ōmoto

Japanese New Religious Movement Ōmoto’s Religious-Phenomenological History

Abstract

Ōmoto is a Shinto-based Japanese New Religious Movement (NRM) that is the most popular in Japanese Religious History. The movement, initiated in the Meiji Period in Japanese History, came to the fore in the Taishō and Shōwa periods by combining their beliefs and practices with worldly-political thoughts. The movement, pacified with the Modern Period, entered the division process with the influence of different tendencies. Today, they continue their activities as three separate religious groups. Our research, in which we consider the religious-phenomenological history of Ōmoto, consists of three parts: The Establishment Period (1892-1918), The Institutionalization Period (1918-1948), and The Period of Rebirth, Division, and Passivity (1948-Present). Our study is comprehensive regarding the religious-phenomenological history of Ōmoto in our country and in world literature. It aims to contribute to new research by donating to the literature with this study.

Keywords

• History of Religions
• New Religious Movements
• Japanese New Religious Movements
• Japanese Religious History
• Ōmoto

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