Kültürel Mirasa İlişkin Farkındalık, Algı ve Yaya Yoğunluğu: İzmir’de Bir Vaka Çalışması

Abstract

"Gezmesek de görmesek de o köy bizim köyümüzdür" sözünden yola çıkarak, bu çalışmada sıkça ziyaret edilen ve yürünebilir alanlardaki tarihi yapılara ilişkin farkındalığımız daha mı yüksektir yoksa tarihi yapıların yanından geçmesek de görmesek de onların farkında olur, tanır, değerini bilir korur muyuz gibi sorulara cevap aranmıştır. Daha somut ifade etmek gerekirse; bu çalışmada İzmir'in tarihi bölgesindeki tarihi yapıların (ve yapıların yer aldığı sokakların) kullanıcılar tarafından ne derece estetik bulunduğu ve ne derece fark edildiği ile bu sokakların yayalar tarafından ne derece tercih edildiği arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Seçilen tarihi binaların çevresindeki yaya yoğunluğunun yürünebilirliğin bir göstergesi olduğu varsayılmıştır. Tarihi yapıların çevresindeki yaya yoğunluğu (ve yürünebilirlik) hem nesnel hem öznel yöntemlerle ölçülmüştür. Gerçek yaya yoğunluğunu ölçmek için belirli yerlerden geçen insan sayısı belirli aralıklarda gözlem yoluyla ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca anketler aracılığı ile rapor edilen yaya yoğunluğu bilgisi elde edilmiştir. Bu tarihi yapıları (Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi'ne ait kültürel mirasları) ne kadar tanıdığı / bildiği ve ne derece estetik bulduğu ise 138 katılımcının dahil olduğu anketlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, iyi korunmuş ve estetik açıdan öne çıkan binaların çevresindeki sokakların yayalar tarafından daha sık tercih edildiğini; diğer bir deyişle, artan yaya yoğunluğunun kültürel miras alanlarına yönelik farkındalık ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, sonuçlar estetik açıdan çekici sokakların, rekreasyon amaçlı yürüyüşler için daha uygun bulunduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu bulgular, yürünebilir alanların kentsel planlama ve kültürel mirasın korunmasındaki değerini vurgulamakta; yaya deneyiminin, kültürel miras farkındalığını artırabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Kültürel Miras Farkındalığı
• İzmir
• Yaya Yoğunluğu
• Yürünebilirlik.

Cultural Heritage Perception, Awareness and Pedestrian Density: A Case Study in İzmir

Abstract

Inspired by the well-known Turkish proverb "Even if we don't visit or see it, that village is still ours", this study explored whether historical buildings in frequently visited and walkable areas are more widely recognized, or if it is possible to identify, appreciate, and preserve historically significant buildings without seeing or passing by them. Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between pedestrian density and cultural heritage perception and awareness in Izmir’s historic district. Surveys were conducted with 138 residents to evaluate their knowledge of historical buildings from the Early Republican Period (or their cultural heritage awareness) and how they perceived the aesthetic quality of both the buildings and the streets where they are located. As a walkability indicator, pedestrian density around selected historical buildings was measured via objective and subjective methods. Unobtrusive observations, such as counting the number of people at specific locations during designated time intervals were used to evaluate the actual behaviour (objective measure). Additionally, surveys were employed to understand people's tendency to walk through the streets where these buildings are located (reported behaviour / subjective measure). The results show that streets surrounding well-preserved and aesthetically prominent buildings are preferred more often by pedestrians; or vice a versa. Results also confirm that increased pedestrian density is associated with a greater awareness of cultural heritage sites. Furthermore, aesthetically appealing streets are considered more suitable for recreational walking. These findings highlight the value of walkable spaces in urban planning and cultural heritage conservation, as pedestrian experience can boost awareness of cultural heritage.

Keywords

• Cultural Heritage Awareness
• İzmir
• Pedestrian Density
• Walkability.

Ethical Statement

In this research, the necessary permissions were obtained from the relevant participants (individuals, institutions and organizations) during the survey, in-depth interview, focus group interview, observation or experiment.

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