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Development of an Augmented Reality Attitude Scale for Teacher Candidates: A Validity and Reliability Study

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 3049 - 3071, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1487639

Abstract

Augmented reality, which emerged with the development of digital technologies, is also used in the field of education. Additionally, this technology has been the subject of recent educational research. However, it appears that there is no scale in the national literature to determine the teacher candidates’ augmented reality attitudes. It is believed that it is important to determine the augmented reality attitudes of teacher candidates who will use this technology in the near future. Therefore, this study aims to develop a scale to determine the augmented reality attitudes of teacher candidates. For this reason, a 31-item scale of five-point likert type was prepared. The scale was applied to a group of 490 participants for validity and reliability analysis. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis performed on the data obtained, a scale consisting of four factors and 23 items was obtained. These factors are named respectively as "Willing to use augmented reality" (nine items), "Augmented reality in the future" (four items), "Negative ideas towards augmented reality" (five items) and "Benefits of augmented reality applications" (five items). As a result of the reliability analysis, it was determined that the internal consistency coefficients of the entire scale and factors were high. In addition, the acceptability of this structure was tested by confirmatory factor analysis on another group of 270 participants. The fit indices obtained as a result of confirmatory factor analysis also showed that this scale is suitable for teacher candidates and can be used to determine their attitudes towards augmented reality.

References

  • Adabala, D., & Kaushik, S. (2016). Augmented reality: A review of applications. IJRAR- International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 3(3), 22-27. https://www.academia.edu/118573284/Augmented_Reality_A_Review_of_Applications?auto=download
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  • Anju, V., & Thiyagu, K. (2023). Pre-service teachers’ perceptions about augmented reality (AR) applications in science learning. Indian Journal of Educational Technology, 5(2), 115-132. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372985964_Pre-Service_Teachers'_Perceptions_about_Augmented_Reality_AR_Applications_in_Science_Learning
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  • Atasoy, B., Tosik-Gün, E., & Kocaman-Karaoğlu, A. (2017). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarına karşı tutumlarının ve güdülenme durumlarının belirlenmesi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2), 435-448. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kefad/issue/59416/853249
  • Belda-Medina, J., & Calvo-Ferrer, J. R. (2022). Integrating augmented reality in language learning: Pre-service teachers’ digital competence and attitudes through the TPACK framework. Education and Information Technologies, 27(9), 12123-12146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11123-3
  • Boboc, R. G., Chiriac, R.-L., & Antonya, C. (2021). How augmented reality could improve the student’s attraction to learn mechanisms. Electronics, 10(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020175
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  • Buchner, J. (2022). Generative learning strategies do not diminish primary students’ attitudes towards augmented reality. Education and Information Technologies, 27(1), 701-717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10445-y
  • Bursali, H., & Yilmaz, R. M. (2019). Effect of augmented reality applications on secondary school students' reading comprehension and learning permanency. Computers in Human Behavior, 95, 126-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.01.035
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  • Cabero-Almenara, J., Fernández-Batanero, J. M., & Barroso-Osuna, J. (2019). Adoption of augmented reality technology by university students. Heliyon, 5(5), e01597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01597
  • Carmigniani, J., Furht, B., Anisetti, M., Ceravolo, P., Damiani, E., & Ivkovic, M. (2011). Augmented reality technologies, systems and applications. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 51(1), 341-377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-010-0660-6
  • Çetin, H., & Türkan, A. (2022). The Effect of Augmented Reality based applications on achievement and attitude towards science course in distance education process. Education and Information Technologies, 27(2), 1397-1415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10625-w
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  • Díaz-Noguera, M. D., Toledo-Morales, P., & Hervás-Gómez, C. (2017). Augmented reality applications attitude scale (ARAAS): Diagnosing the attitudes of future teachers. The New Educational Review, 50, 215-226. https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.2017.50.4.17
  • Duarte, M. L., Santos, L. R., Júnior, J. G., & Peccin, M. S. (2020). Learning anatomy by virtual reality and augmented reality. A scope review. Morphologie, 104(347), 254-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2020.08.004
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Öğretmen Adayları için Artırılmış Gerçeklik Tutum Ölçeği Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 3049 - 3071, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1487639

Abstract

Dijital teknolojilerin gelişmesi ile ortaya çıkan artırılmış gerçeklik, eğitim alanında da kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu teknoloji son zamanlarda yapılan eğitim araştırmalarına da konu edilmektedir. Ancak ulusal alanyazında, öğretmen adaylarının artırılmış gerçeklik tutumlarını belirlemeye yönelik bir ölçeğin bulunmadığı görülmektedir. Yakın gelecekte bu teknolojiyi kullanacak olan öğretmen adaylarının artırılmış gerçeklik tutumlarının belirlenmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının artırılmış gerçeklik tutumlarının tespit edilmesi için bir ölçek geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla beşli likert tipinde 31 maddelik bir ölçek hazırlanmıştır. Ölçek, geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri için 490 kişilik bir gruba uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler üzerinde yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, dört faktör ve 23 maddeden oluşan bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Bu faktörler sırasıyla; “Artırılmış gerçeklik kullanma isteği” (dokuz madde), “Gelecekte artırılmış gerçeklik” (dört madde), “Artırılmış gerçekliğe karşı olumsuz fikirler” (beş madde) ve “Artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarının faydaları” (beş madde) şeklinde isimlendirilmiştir. Yapılan güvenirlik analizi sonucunda ölçeğin tamamının ve faktörlerinin iç tutarlılık katsayılarının yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, 270 kişilik başka bir grup üzerinde yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile ortaya konulan bu yapının kabul edilebilir olduğu test edilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda elde edilen uyum indeksleri de geliştirilen ölçeğin öğretmen adayları için uygun olduğunu ve artırılmış gerçekliğe dair tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Ethical Statement

Çalışma etik kurallar çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup etik izin belgesi sisteme yüklenmiştir.

References

  • Adabala, D., & Kaushik, S. (2016). Augmented reality: A review of applications. IJRAR- International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 3(3), 22-27. https://www.academia.edu/118573284/Augmented_Reality_A_Review_of_Applications?auto=download
  • Akçayır, M., Akçayır, G., Pektaş, H. M., & Ocak, M. A. (2016). Augmented reality in science laboratories: The effects of augmented reality on university students’ laboratory skills and attitudes toward science laboratories. Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 334-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.054
  • Alsadoon, H., & Alhussain, T. (2019). Faculty at Saudi Electronic University attitudes toward using augmented reality in education. Education and Information Technologies, 24(3), 1961-1972. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9826-z
  • Anju, V., & Thiyagu, K. (2023). Pre-service teachers’ perceptions about augmented reality (AR) applications in science learning. Indian Journal of Educational Technology, 5(2), 115-132. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372985964_Pre-Service_Teachers'_Perceptions_about_Augmented_Reality_AR_Applications_in_Science_Learning
  • Atalay, N. (2022). Augmented reality experiences of preservice classroom teachers in science teaching. International Technology and Education Journal, 6(1), 28-42. https://itejournal.com/en/augmented-reality-experiences-of-preservice-classroom-teachers-in-science-teaching.htm
  • Atasoy, B., Tosik-Gün, E., & Kocaman-Karaoğlu, A. (2017). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarına karşı tutumlarının ve güdülenme durumlarının belirlenmesi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2), 435-448. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kefad/issue/59416/853249
  • Belda-Medina, J., & Calvo-Ferrer, J. R. (2022). Integrating augmented reality in language learning: Pre-service teachers’ digital competence and attitudes through the TPACK framework. Education and Information Technologies, 27(9), 12123-12146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11123-3
  • Boboc, R. G., Chiriac, R.-L., & Antonya, C. (2021). How augmented reality could improve the student’s attraction to learn mechanisms. Electronics, 10(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020175
  • Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (First edition). Guilford Publications, Inc.
  • Buchner, J. (2022). Generative learning strategies do not diminish primary students’ attitudes towards augmented reality. Education and Information Technologies, 27(1), 701-717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10445-y
  • Bursali, H., & Yilmaz, R. M. (2019). Effect of augmented reality applications on secondary school students' reading comprehension and learning permanency. Computers in Human Behavior, 95, 126-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.01.035
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2014). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum (Genişletilmiş 20. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Cabero-Almenara, J., Fernández-Batanero, J. M., & Barroso-Osuna, J. (2019). Adoption of augmented reality technology by university students. Heliyon, 5(5), e01597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01597
  • Carmigniani, J., Furht, B., Anisetti, M., Ceravolo, P., Damiani, E., & Ivkovic, M. (2011). Augmented reality technologies, systems and applications. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 51(1), 341-377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-010-0660-6
  • Çetin, H., & Türkan, A. (2022). The Effect of Augmented Reality based applications on achievement and attitude towards science course in distance education process. Education and Information Technologies, 27(2), 1397-1415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10625-w
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik. Pegem Akademi.
  • Diegmann, P., Schmidt-Kraepelin, M., Eynden, S., & Basten, D. (2015). Benefits of augmented reality in educational environments - A systematic literature review. Wirtschaftsinformatik Proceedings 2015. 103. http://aisel.aisnet.org/wi2015/103
  • Díaz-Noguera, M. D., Toledo-Morales, P., & Hervás-Gómez, C. (2017). Augmented reality applications attitude scale (ARAAS): Diagnosing the attitudes of future teachers. The New Educational Review, 50, 215-226. https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.2017.50.4.17
  • Duarte, M. L., Santos, L. R., Júnior, J. G., & Peccin, M. S. (2020). Learning anatomy by virtual reality and augmented reality. A scope review. Morphologie, 104(347), 254-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2020.08.004
  • Erkuş, A. (2016). Psikolojide ölçme ve ölçek geliştirme-I: Temel kavramlar ve işlemler (3. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Fabrigar, L. R., Krosnick, J. A., & MacDougall, B. L. (2005). Attitude measurement: Techniques for measuring the unobservable. İçinde T. Brock, & M. Green (Eds.), Persuasion: psychological insights and perspectives (ss. 17-40). Sage, Thousand Oaks.
  • Fidan, M., & Tuncel, M. (2019). Integrating augmented reality into problem based learning: The effects on learning achievement and attitude in physics education. Computers & Education, 142, 103635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103635
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There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Scale Development, Instructional Technologies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Handan Ürek 0000-0002-3593-8547

Vahide Nilay Kırtak Ad 0000-0002-9904-1261

Publication Date December 30, 2024
Submission Date May 21, 2024
Acceptance Date October 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 62

Cite

APA Ürek, H., & Kırtak Ad, V. N. (2024). Öğretmen Adayları için Artırılmış Gerçeklik Tutum Ölçeği Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(62), 3049-3071. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1487639