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Gelişimsel Gerilik ve Risk Altındaki Çocukların Dil Becerilerini Desteklemede Yaşanan Zorluklar: Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Görüşleri

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 3148 - 3169, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1495486

Abstract

Çocuklar yaşamlarının ilk dört yılında dil becerilerinde önemli ilerlemeler gerçekleştirirler. Erken dönemde dil becerilerini desteklemek, çocukların ileriki dönem akademik ve sosyal anlamda daha başarılı olmalarına yönelik olumlu etkiler sağlamaktadır. Özellikle çocuklara okul öncesi dönemde sağlanan eğitimin içeriği bu anlamda zenginleştirilmeli dil becerileri desteklenmelidir. Bunun için okul öncesi dönem çocukların dil becerilerini destekleyecek olan öğretmenlerin gereksinimlerinin karşılanması ve yaşadıkları sorunların giderilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin gelişimsel risk grubunda olan çocukların dil becerilerini desteklenmede yaşadıkları sorunların, gereksinimlerin ve çözüm önerilerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması desenine göre desenlenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler, doküman incelemeleri ve araştırmacı günlüğü yoluyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda yedi tema elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenler gelişimsel risk altındaki çocukları eğitimsel ve bilişsel zorluklar, öğrenme becerilerindeki zayıflıklar ve yaşlarına göre beklenen gelişim aşamalarını tamamlayamama durumları ile tanımlamışlardır. Öğretmenler dil becerilerindeki güçlüklerin çocukların sosyal ilişkilerini, akademik başarılarını ve genel yaşam kalitelerini olumsuz etkileyebileceğine dikkat çekmişlerdir. Bu anlamda katılımcı öğretmenler, çocukların dil becerilerinin desteklenmesi için çeşitli yöntem ve etkinlikler kullanırken aynı zamanda aile ve uzmanlarla iş birliğinin önemine değinmişlerdir. Son olarak bilgi ve eğitim ihtiyaçlarına vurgu yaparak gereksinimlerine ve yaşadıkları sorunların çözümüne yönelik çeşitli önerilerde bulunmuşlardır. Çalışma bulguları ilgili alanyazın ile ilişkilendirilerek tartışılmış ve uygulama ve araştırmaya yönelik öneriler verilmiştir.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmanın planlanmasından, uygulanmasına, verilerin toplanmasından verilerin analizine kadar olan tüm süreçte “Yükseköğretim Kurumları Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Yönergesi” kapsamında uyulması belirtilen tüm kurallara uyulmuştur. Yönergenin ikinci bölümü olan “Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine Aykırı Eylemler” başlığı altında belirtilen eylemlerden hiçbiri gerçekleştirilmemiştir. Bu çalışmanın yazım sürecinde bilimsel, etik ve alıntı kurallarına uyulmuş; toplanan veriler üzerinde herhangi bir tahrifat yapılmamış ve bu çalışma herhangi başka bir akademik yayın ortamına değerlendirme için gönderilmemiştir.

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Difficulties in Supporting Language Skills of Children with Developmental Delays and Children at Risk: Preschool Teacher Opinions

Year 2024, Issue: 62, 3148 - 3169, 30.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1495486

Abstract

Children make signifigant progress in their language skills in the first four years their lifes. Supporting language skills in the early stages leads to positive impacts on children's future academic and social success.In this context especially enriching the educational content provided to children in the preschool period is necessary for supporting language skills. Therefore, meeting the needs of preschool teachers, who will support children's language skills, and addressing their challenges is essential. The aim of this research is to identify the problems, needs, and solution proposals of preschool teachers in supporting the language skills of children at developmental risk. This research was conducted according to the case study design among qualitative research methods. Data for the research were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and researcher's diary. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted through content analysis. Seven themes were obtained as a result of the analysis of the data obtained. According to the research findings, teachers have identified children at developmental risk with educational and cognitive difficulties, low learning abilities, and the inability to complete developmental stages expected for their age. Teachers pointed out that difficulties in language skills can negatively affect children's social relationships, academic success and overall quality of life. Teachers have emphasized the importance of collaboration with families and experts while using various methods and activities to support children's language and communication skills. They have made various suggestions for addressing their informational and educational needs and solving their problems. The research findings have been discussed in relation to the relevant literature, and recommendations for practice and further research have been provided.

References

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  • Cameron, C. E., Brock, L. L., Murrah, W. M., Bell, L. H., Worzalla, S. L., Grissmer, D., & Morrison, F. J. (2012). Fine motor skills and executive function both contribute to kindergarten achievement. Child Development, 83(4), 1229-1244. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01768.x
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). A concise introduction to mixed methods research (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6th ed.). Routledge.
  • Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Multilingual Matters.
  • Dayı, E., Ataman, S. & Kösretaş, B. (2022). Özel gereksinimli bireylerin eğitsel tanılama ve değerlendirme sürecinde iş birliği: Aile deneyimleri. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 42(3), 2663-2693. https://doi.org/10.17152/gefad.1150770
  • Dilbaz, M. (2020). Gelişimsel dil bozukluğu riski olan çocukların sosyal-duygusal ve dil gelişimleri arasındaki ilişkinin normal dil gelişimi gösteren akranları ile karşılaştırılması [Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
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  • Flowers, H., Girolametto, L., Weitzman, E., & Greenberg, J. (2007). Promoting early literacy skills: Effects of in-service education for early childhood educators. Canadian Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 31(1), 6-18.
  • Friedmann, N., & Rusou, D. (2015). Critical period for first language: the crucial role of language input during the first year of life. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 35, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2015.07.004
  • Gilkerson, J., Richards, J. A., Warren, S. F., Oller, D. K., Russo, R., & Vohr, B. (2018). Language experience in the second year of life and language outcomes in late childhood. Pediatrics, 142(4). e20174276.https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-4276
  • Glesne, C. (2015). Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. Pearson.
  • Gönen, M., Ünüvar, P., Bıçakçı, M., Koçyiğit, S., vd. (2010). Okul öncesi eğitim öğretmenlerinin dil etkinliklerini uygulama biçimlerinin incelenmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (19), 23-40.
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  • Güzel-Özmen, R. (2003). İfade edici dil becerileri sınırlı olan zihinsel engelli çocukların dil gelişimlerini desteklemek için öğretmenin sınıf ortamında yapacakları. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 205-218.
  • Huttenlocher, J., Waterfall, H., Vasilyeva, M., Vevea, J., & Hedges, L. V. (2010). Sources of variability in children’s language growth. Cognitive Psychology, 61(4), 343-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2010.08.002
  • Justice, L. M., & Pullen, P. C. (2003). Promising interventions for promoting emergent literacy skills: Three evidence-based approaches. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 23(3), 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/027112140302300301
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Early Childhood Education, Speech Handicapped Education, Special Education and Disability (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet İnce 0000-0003-0849-9101

Emine Özmen 0000-0002-0226-1672

Publication Date December 30, 2024
Submission Date June 4, 2024
Acceptance Date September 30, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 62

Cite

APA İnce, M., & Özmen, E. (2024). Gelişimsel Gerilik ve Risk Altındaki Çocukların Dil Becerilerini Desteklemede Yaşanan Zorluklar: Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(62), 3148-3169. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1495486