Çocukluk Döneminde Maruz Kalınan İstismar Nedeniyle Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu Yaşayan Bireylere Özgü Etkili Psikolojik Tedaviler

Abstract

Çocukluk döneminde yaşanan duygusal, fiziksel, cinsel ve ekonomik istismar kişiyi ruhsal yönde olumsuz olarak etkilemektedir. Bu istismarları yaşayan kişiler birden fazla psikopatolojiyi aynı anda geliştirebilirken bu kişilerde en sık rastlanan psikopatoloji Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu (TSSB)’dur. Özellikle fiziksel ve cinsel istismar yaşayan çocukların bu bozukluğu geliştirme riski daha yüksektir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çocukluk döneminde maruz kalınan istismardan dolayı TSSB geliştiren bireyler için etkili, kanıtlanmış, güncel psikolojik tedavileri araştırmaktır. Cinsel istismardan dolayı TSSB geliştiren bireyler için kanıtlanmış müdahale teknikleri: Travma Odaklı Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi (BDT), Diyalektik Davranış Terapi (DDT), Duygu ve Kişilerarası İlişkiyi Düzenleme Becerisi Eğitimi (STAIR), Travma için Duygu Odaklı Terapi (DOT), Göz Hareketleriyle Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşlemleme (EMDR), Yeniden Senaryolaştırma (Imagery Rescripting, IR)’dır.

Keywords

• Cinsel İstismar
• Toplum Ruh Sağlığı
• BDT
• DDT
• EMDR
• Fiziksel İstismar
• STAIR
• Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu.

EFFECTIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENTS SPECIFIC TO INDIVIDUALS SUFFERING FROM POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER DUE TO CHILDHOOD ABUSE

Abstract

Abuse experienced during childhood, whether it is emotional, physical, sexual, or economic, has an impact on an individual’s mental well-being. Those who experience these abuses may develop multiple psychopathologies simultaneously, with the most common psychopathology observed being Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Particularly, children who experience physical and sexual abuse are at a higher risk of developing this disorder. The aim of this study is to explore effective, evidence-based, and up-to-date psychological treatments for individuals who develop PTSD due to the abuse endured during childhood. Proven intervention techniques for individuals developing PTSD as a result of sexual abuse are Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Skills Training in Affect and Interpersonal Regulation (STAIR), Emotion-Focused Therapy for Trauma (EFT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and Imagery Rescripting (IR).

Keywords

• Sexual Abuse
• Community Mental Health
• CBT
• DBT
• EMDR
• Physical Abuse
• STAIR
• PTSD.

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