Examining The Relationshıp Between Health Expenditures And Natural Resources For The E7 Countries

Abstract

This study aims to examine the relationships between natural resources, healthcare expenditures, economic growth, carbon emissions, and trade openness in E7 countries from 2000 to 2020. The findings indicate that natural resources in E7 countries contribute to an increase in healthcare expenditures, healthcare expenditures stimulate economic growth, carbon emissions affect healthcare expenditures, and healthcare expenditures influence trade openness. While natural resources increase healthcare expenditures in India and Turkey, in Mexico, natural resource income can shape the healthcare sector. In China, healthcare expenditures trigger economic growth, whereas in Brazil, Russia, and Turkey, economic growth increases healthcare expenditures. Healthcare expenditures promote economic growth in Indonesia and India. There is a relationship between healthcare expenditures and carbon emissions in Brazil and Mexico, while environmental factors increase healthcare expenditures in China and Russia. Trade openness increases healthcare expenditures in Brazil and Mexico; however, attention should be paid to service quality. These results suggest that countries need to effectively utilize natural resources, invest in the healthcare sector, strengthen environmental policies, and balance trade openness.

Keywords

• Natural Resources
• Health Expenditures
• Kónya Causality Test

E7 Ülkeleri için Sağlık Harcamaları ve Doğal Kaynaklar İlişkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 2000-2020 yılları arasında E7 ülkelerinde doğal kaynaklar, sağlık harcamaları, ekonomik büyüme, karbon emisyonları ve ticaret açıklığı arasındaki ilişkileri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bulgular, E7 ülkelerinde doğal kaynakların sağlık harcamalarını artırdığını, sağlık harcamalarının ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik ettiğini, karbon emisyonlarının sağlık harcamalarını etkilediğini ve sağlık harcamalarının ticaret açıklığını etkilediğini göstermektedir. Hindistan ve Türkiye'de doğal kaynaklar sağlık harcamalarını artırırken, Meksika'da doğal kaynak geliri sağlık sektörünü yönlendirebilmektedir. Çin'de sağlık harcamaları ekonomik büyümeyi tetiklerken, Brezilya, Rusya ve Türkiye'de ekonomik büyüme sağlık harcamalarını artırmaktadır. Endonezya ve Hindistan'da sağlık harcamaları ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik etmektedir. Brezilya ve Meksika'da sağlık harcamaları ile karbon emisyonu arasında ilişki bulunurken, Çin ve Rusya'da çevresel faktörler sağlık harcamalarını artırmaktadır. Ticaret açıklığı ise Brezilya ve Meksika'da sağlık harcamalarını artırmaktadır, ancak hizmet kalitesine dikkat edilmelidir. Bu sonuçlar, ülkelerin doğal kaynakları etkili kullanmaları, sağlık sektörüne yatırım yapmaları, çevresel politikaları güçlendirmeleri ve ticaret açıklığını dengelemeleri gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Doğal Kaynaklar
• Sağlık Harcamaları
• Kónya Nedensellik Testi

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