Мозг и язык: полтора века исследований

Year 2010, , 22 - 39, 01.03.2010

Olena Kozan Gamze Öksüz

https://doi.org/10.1501/Dilder_0000000124

Abstract

В данной работе профессор Санкт-Петербургского Университета Т.В.Черниговская подводит итог исследованиям в области мозга и языка, касаясь их основных этапов в историческом аспекте. В статье говорится о модулярном и холистическом подходах к проблеме, предложенных в рамках нейронаук. Исследования взаимоотношений мозга и языка начались в XIX веке и получили новый импульс во второй половине XX века с развитием новых технологий и методов исследования. В настоящее время, несмотря на огромный накопленный за эти годы надежный фактический материал, ситуация мало прояснилась, и вышеупомянутые парадигмы продолжают чередоваться. Кроме того, в статье поднимается вопрос о происхождении языка. Также, говорится о моделях, примиряющих локализационистский и холистический подходы к языковым функциям.

Keywords

мозг, язык, нейролингвистика, модулярный подход, динамический подход

BEYİN VE DİL: ARAŞTIRMALARIN 150 YILI

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Sankt-Peterburg Üniversitesinden Prof. Dr. T. V.Çernigovskaya,dünyada beyin ve dil üzerine yapılan çalışmaların tarihçesine değinerek günümüzekadar yapılan araştırmaları bir bütün olarak ele almıştır. Makalede beyni inceleyenbilim dallarında geliştirilen dinamik ve modüler yaklaşımlardan söz edilmektedir.Beyin ve dil arasındaki ilişkiler üzerine yapılan araştırmalar 19. yüzyılda başlamış,21. yüzyılda ise teknolojinin ve yeni yöntemlerin gelişmesiyle ivme kazanmıştır.Bugüne gelinceye kadar pek çok somut bulgu sağlanmış olmasına rağmen,günümüzde, beyin ve dil etkileşimi sorunu tam anlamıyla aydınlanmış değildir. Bunedenle lokal ve dinamik paradigmalar birbirleriyle yer değiştirmeye devam etmektedir. Makalede ayrıca dilin ortaya çıkışıyla ilgili konular da ele alınmaktadır.Bunun dışında dilsel işlevlere yönelik lokal ve holistik yaklaşımları barıştıran modellerden söz edilmektedir

Keywords

beyin, dil, nörodilbilim, modüler yaklaşım, dinamik yaklaşım

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