Analysis of the Impact of TUBITAK Direct Supports for R&D and Innovation Activities on Sectoral Profitability with Heckman Selection Model

Abstract

Governments utilise various policy instruments to stimulate R&D and innovation activities, which are essential for increasing competitiveness and economic growth. In order to achieve the goal of technology-driven growth in Turkey, TUBITAK has been providing increasing amounts of direct supports to companies over the years. The fact that the amount and beneficiaries of these supports are determined by public institutions causes selection bias. In this study, the impact of direct supports on sectoral profitability is analysed using the Heckman Selection Model, which allows the impact of policy priorities and selection criteria in the incentive process to be taken into account. The findings show that incentives have an impact on profitability and that a “cherry-picking” strategy is adopted.

Keywords

• R&D
• Incentive
• TUBITAK
• Heckman selection model

AR-GE ve Yenilik Faaliyetlerine Yönelik TÜBİTAK Desteklerinin Sektörel Kârlılık Üzerindeki Etkisinin Heckman Seçim Modeli ile Analizi

Abstract

Devletler rekabet gücünü ve ekonomik büyümeyi artırmak için vazgeçilmez bir öneme sahip olan Ar-Ge ve yenilik faaliyetlerini teşvik etmeye yönelik çeşitli politika araçlarından faydalanmaktadır. Türkiye’de de teknoloji odaklı büyüme hedefine ulaşmak için TÜBİTAK tarafından firmalara yıllar itibariyle artan miktarda doğrudan destekler sunulmaktadır. Bu desteklerin miktar ve yararlanıcılarının kamu kurumları tarafından belirleniyor olması ise seçim yanlılığına neden olmaktadır. Doğrudan desteklerin sektörel kârlılığa olan etkisinin analiz edildiği bu çalışmada, politik önceliklerin ve seçim kriterlerinin teşvik süreci üzerindeki etkisini analize dahil etmeyi mümkün kılan Heckman Seçim Modeli kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, teşviklerin kârlılık üzerinde etkisi olduğunu ve “kazananları seçme” stratejisinin benimsendiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Ar-Ge
• Teşvik
• TÜBİTAK
• Heckman seçim modeli

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