Bir Güvenlikleştirme Pratiği Olarak Terörizm Söylemi ve Etiketi: Eleştirel Terörizm Çalışmaları Perspektifinden Kavramsal Bir Analitik Çerçeve

Year 2023, Issue: 1, 96 - 146, 29.06.2023

Ömer Çona

https://doi.org/10.58685/dsd.1252666

Abstract

Bu çalışmada söylemsel bir pratik olarak “teröristleştirme” retoriğinin, politik muhaliflerin meşruiyetini baltalamak amacıyla iktidarlar tarafından bir güvenlikleştirme stratejisi olarak kullanıldığı tartışması yapılmıştır. Makalenin teorik çerçevesi, siyasi liderlerin güvenlik konularını nasıl çerçevelediğini açıklamaya matuf bir kuramsallaştırma biçimi olan güvenlikleştirme teorisidir. Terörizmin nesnel bir gerçeklik fakat sosyal bir inşa olduğunu vurgulayan makale, terörizmin ontolojik güvenliğe bir tehdit oluşundan ötürü kamuoyunda etiketi alan kişilerin ne şekilde ve hangi amaçlar için itibarsızlaştırıldığına dikkat çekmeye çalışmaktadır. Terör teriminin istikrarsız doğası ve belirli tarihsel süreçlerdeki farklılaşan anlam dünyasına Eleştirel Terörizm Çalışmaları’nın yaklaşımlarına dayanarak vurgu yapan makale, politik elitlerin terörist etiketini kullanmasının arkasında yatan çıkarları ortaya koymak için okuyucuya kavramsal bir analitik çerçeve çizmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Makale, terörizmin politik olarak muhalifleri şeytanlaştırmak ve halk nazarında itibarsızlaştırmak amacıyla kullanılan aşağılayıcı bir etiket olduğunu öne sürerek, okuyucuya siyasal şiddet literatüründe kullanılan terimlere daima şüpheyle yaklaşarak eleştirel akıl süzgecinden geçirmesini teklif etmektedir.

Keywords

Terörizm, Güvenlikleştirme, Eleştirel Terörizm Çalışmaları, Terörizm Söylemi, Eleştirel Söylem Analizi.

Terrorism Discourse and Label as a Securitization Practice: A Conceptual Analytical Framework From The Perspective of Critical Terrorism Studies

Abstract

In this study, it is claimed that the rhetoric of “terroristization” as a discursive practice is used by governments as a securitization strategy in order to undermine the legitimacy of political opponents. The theoretical framework of the article is securitization theory, which is a form of theorizing aimed at explaining how political leaders frame security issues. Arguing that terrorism is an objective reality but a social construction, the article tries to draw attention to how and for what purposes people who take this label are discredited in public because terrorism is a threat to ontological security. Emphasizing the unstable nature of the term terrorism and the different meanings of the term in certain historical processes, based on the approaches of Critical Terrorism Studies, the article aims to draw the reader into a conceptual analytical framework to reveal the interests behind the use of the “terrorist” label by political elites. By arguing that terrorism is a derogatory label used to politically demonize and discredit dissidents, the article offers the reader critical scrutiny of terms used in the literature on political violence, always with skepticism.

Keywords

Terrorism, Securitization, Critical Terrorism Studies, Terrorism Discourse, Critical Discourse Analysis., Terrorism, Securitization, Critical Terrorism Studies, Terrorism Discourse, Critical Discourse Analysis.

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