Research Article
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SCHOOL-BASED DATA COLLECTION PROCESSES IN ACADEMIC RESEARCH: METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TURKEY

Year 2021, Volume: 61 Issue: 2, 1199 - 1221, 28.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2021.61.2.24

Abstract

Researchers frequently prefer school environments to collect data from children, adolescents, families, and/or teachers. Collecting valid and reliable data in school-based studies for scientific research is of great importance for child and adolescent research, research development practices, and intervention programs. In recent years, this process has become more advanced and specific due to the widespread use of school research in Turkey and the efforts of the Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Turkey to ensure standardization in school-based research. However, there have been very limited Turkish scientific resources which convey these processes in detail. In addition, articles briefly cover methods of applying to school permissions and data collection processes in their articles. In the current study, we aim to make suggestions for researchers and educators by integrating the various procedures in the school-based data collection process in Turkey by providing examples from previous data collection experiences. For this purpose, first, the advantages of school-based data for researchers and the difficulties that researchers may experience are explained. Then, in the light of current practices and scientific studies, the prior steps to the data collection process, details of the data collection procedures, and data protection issues are covered under five main headings (Obtaining Required Institutional Approvals, Cooperation with School Administration and Teachers, Reaching Participants and Participation in Research, Planning the Data Collection Process, and Data Collection Process and Afterwards) are explained. We hope that the mentioned topics and suggestions will guide researchers in the scientific research processes they plan to conduct with school-based research.

References

  • Adiguzel, T. (2008). Advantages of using handheld computers against other methodologies for data collection. School Science and Mathematics, 108(6), 225-227.
  • Adiguzel, T., Vannest, K. J. ve Zellner, R. D. (2009). The use and efficacy of handheld computers for school-based data collection: A literature review. Computers in the Schools, 26(3), 187-206. Doi:10.1080/07380560903095147
  • APA (2017). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. https://www.apa.org/ethics/code/
  • Arockiam, L. ve Monikandan, S. (2014, January). Efficient cloud storage confidentiality to ensure data security. International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (pp. 1-5). Coimbatore, INDIA.
  • Blom-Hoffman, J., Leff, S. S., Franko, D. L., Weinstein, E., Beakley, K. ve Power, T. J. (2009). Consent procedures and participation rates in school-based intervention and prevention research: using a multi-component, partnership-based approach to recruit participants. School Mental Health, 1(1), 3-15. Doi:10.1007/s12310-008-9000-7
  • BPS (2004). Guidelines for minimum standards of ethical approval in psychological research. The British Psychological Society, Leicester, UK. http://www.bps.org.uk/ adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Çakmak, Z. (2018). Çocukların katılımıyla yürütülen araştırmalarda eti̇k. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 21(41), 30-40.
  • Dornyei, Z. (2001). Motivational strategies in the English classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Esbensen, F. A., Melde, C., Taylor, T. J. ve Peterson, D. (2008). Active parental consent in school-based research: How much is enough and how do we get it? Evaluation Review, 32(4), 335-362. Doi:10.1177/0193841X08315175
  • Fisher C. B. (2003). Adolescent and parent perspectives on ethical issues in youth drug use and suicide survey research. Ethics & Behavior, 13(4), 303–332. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327019EB1304_1
  • Guyll, M., Spoth, R. ve Redmond, C. (2003). The effects of incentives and research requirements on participation rates for a community-based preventive intervention research study. Journal of Primary Prevention, 24(1), 25-41.
  • Ji, P. Y., Pokorny, S. B., & Jason, L. A. (2004). Factors influencing middle and high schools’ active parental consent return rates. Evaluation Review, 28(6), 578-591. Doi:10.1177/0193841X04263917
  • Jones, R. A., Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J., Okely, A. D., Parletta, N., Wolfenden, L., ... ve Waters, E. (2014). School-based obesity prevention interventions: practicalities and considerations. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 8(5), e497-e510. Doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2013.10.004
  • Kristjansson, A. L., Sigfusson, J., Sigfusdottir, I. D. ve Allegrante, J. P. (2013). Data collection procedures for school-based surveys among adolescents: The youth in Europe study. The Journal of School Health, 83(9), 662–667. Doi:10.1111/josh.12079
  • Küçük, A., Dolu, N. ve Erdoğan, H. (2009). İlköğretim öğrencilerinde yaş, cinsiyet ve sosyo-ekonomik seviye farklılıklarının dikkat düzeyine etkileri. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 18-24.
  • Leibson, T. ve Koren, G. (2015). Informed consent in pediatric research. Pediatric Drugs, 17(1), 5-11. Doi: 10.1007/s40272-014-0108-y
  • Manti, S. ve Licari, A. (2018). How to obtain informed consent for research. Breathe, 14(2), 145–152. Doi:10.1183/20734735.001918
  • Mouw, J. M., van Leijenhorst, L., Saab, N., Danel, N.S. ve van den Broek, P. (2017). Contributions of emotion understanding to narrative comprehension in children and adults, European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16(1), 66-81. Doi:10.1080/17405629.2017.1334548
  • Neal, Z., Neal, J. W. ve Piteo, A. (2020). Call me maybe: using incentives and follow-ups to increase principals’ survey response rates. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 13(4), 784-793. Doi:10.1080/19345747.2020.1772423
  • Plummer, B. D., Galla, B. M., Finn, A., Patrick, S. D., Meketon, D., Leonard, J., … ve Duckworth, A. L. (2014). A Behind-the-Scenes Guide to School-Based Research. Mind, Brain and Education, 8(1), 15–20. Doi:10.1111/mbe.12040
  • Rice, S., Winter, S. R., Doherty, S. ve Milner, M. (2017). Advantages and disadvantages of using internet-based survey methods in aviation-related research. Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering, 7(1), 58-65. Doi:10.7771/2159-6670.1160
  • Rix, K. (2014). The practicalities of collecting data in primary schools: Ten top tips. PsyPAG Quarterly, 91, 30-33. http://www.psypag.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/PsyPAG-Quarterly-91.pdf#page=34 adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Smit, F., Zwart, W., Spruit, I., Monshouwer, K. ve van Ameijden, E. (2002) Monitoring substance use in adolescents: School survey or household survey?. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 9(3), 267-274. Doi:10.1080/09687630210129529
  • Soley, G. ve Tahiroğlu, D. (2020). Bebeklik ve çocukluk dönemine odaklanan araştırmacılar için yol haritası: Bilimsel çalışmalar için etik ve pratik öneriler. Erken Çocukluk Çalışmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 260-280. Doi: 10.24130/eccd-jecs.1967202041172
  • Taylor, S. ve Owen, M. (2021). Challenges to school-based physical activity data collection: Reflections from English primary and secondary schools. Health Education Journal, 80(1), 106–118. Doi:10.1177/0017896920959092
  • T. C. İstanbul Valiliği İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü (2021, 30 Temmuz). Uzaktan (Online) Anket Uygulama İzinleri. https://lisansustu.biruni.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Uzaktan-Online-Anket-Uygulama-Izinleri-1.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • T.C. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı [T.C. MEB] (2020). Araştırma Uygulama İzinleri (2020/2 Nolu Genelge). http://mevzuat.meb.gov.tr/dosyalar/2034.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Walker, I., Sigouin, C., Sek, J., Almonte, T., Carruthers, J., Chan, A., … ve Heddle, N. (2004). Comparing hand-held computers and paper diaries for hemophilia home therapy: A randomized trial. Haemophilia, 10, 698-704. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2516.2004.01046.x
  • Wood, S. (2021). Collecting behavioral data online: A brief guide for psychological scientists. https://www.apa.org/science/leadership/students/collecting-behavioral-data adresinden erişilmiştir.

AKADEMİK ARAŞTIRMALARDA OKUL TEMELLİ VERİ TOPLAMA SÜREÇLERİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN YÖNTEMSEL ÖNERİLER

Year 2021, Volume: 61 Issue: 2, 1199 - 1221, 28.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2021.61.2.24

Abstract

Okul ortamları çocuklardan, ergenlerden, ailelerden ve/ya öğretmenlerden veri toplamak amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Bilimsel araştırmalar için okul temelli çalışmalarda geçerli ve güvenilir verilerin toplanması çocuk ve ergen araştırmaları, geliştirilmesi planlanan araştırma uygulamaları ve müdahale programları için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Son yıllarda, Türkiye’de okul araştırmalarının yaygınlaşması ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın okul temelli araştırmalardaki standardizasyonun sağlanması ile ilgili çalışmaları sayesinde bu süreç araştırmacılar için daha gelişmiş ve belirli olsa da uygulamacılar için süreci aktaran çok az Türkçe bir bilimsel kaynak bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca, araştırmacılar makalelerinde okullara başvuru ve veri toplama süreçlerine yöntem bölümünde kısaca değinmektedir fakat bu bilgilerde genellikle uygulamanın pratikleri yer almamaktadır. Bu makalede, Türkiye’de ve dünyada uygulanan okul temelli veri toplama sürecindeki çeşitli prosedürleri son yıllarda farklı şehirlerde ve farklı yaş gruplarıyla yaptığımız araştırmalardaki deneyimlerimizle harmanlayarak araştırmacılar için önerilerde bulunmayı hedeflemekteyiz. Bu amaçla, ilk olarak, okul temelli verilerin araştırmacılara sağladığı avantajlar ve araştırmacıların yaşayabilecekleri güçlükler anlatılmıştır. Daha sonra, güncel uygulamalar ve bilimsel çalışmalar ışığında veri toplama sürecine hazırlık, verilerin toplanması ve verinin korunması süreçleri beş ana başlıkta (Gerekli Kurumsal Onayların Alınması, Okul Yönetimi ve Öğretmenlerle İşbirliği, Katılımcılara Ulaşma ve Araştırmaya Katılım, Veri Toplama Sürecinin Planlanması, Veri Toplama Süreci ve Sonrası) anlatılmıştır. Bahsedilen konuların ve önerilerin, araştırmacılara okul temelli yürütmeyi planladıkları bilimsel araştırma süreçlerinde yardımcı olmasını umuyoruz.

References

  • Adiguzel, T. (2008). Advantages of using handheld computers against other methodologies for data collection. School Science and Mathematics, 108(6), 225-227.
  • Adiguzel, T., Vannest, K. J. ve Zellner, R. D. (2009). The use and efficacy of handheld computers for school-based data collection: A literature review. Computers in the Schools, 26(3), 187-206. Doi:10.1080/07380560903095147
  • APA (2017). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. https://www.apa.org/ethics/code/
  • Arockiam, L. ve Monikandan, S. (2014, January). Efficient cloud storage confidentiality to ensure data security. International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (pp. 1-5). Coimbatore, INDIA.
  • Blom-Hoffman, J., Leff, S. S., Franko, D. L., Weinstein, E., Beakley, K. ve Power, T. J. (2009). Consent procedures and participation rates in school-based intervention and prevention research: using a multi-component, partnership-based approach to recruit participants. School Mental Health, 1(1), 3-15. Doi:10.1007/s12310-008-9000-7
  • BPS (2004). Guidelines for minimum standards of ethical approval in psychological research. The British Psychological Society, Leicester, UK. http://www.bps.org.uk/ adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Çakmak, Z. (2018). Çocukların katılımıyla yürütülen araştırmalarda eti̇k. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 21(41), 30-40.
  • Dornyei, Z. (2001). Motivational strategies in the English classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Esbensen, F. A., Melde, C., Taylor, T. J. ve Peterson, D. (2008). Active parental consent in school-based research: How much is enough and how do we get it? Evaluation Review, 32(4), 335-362. Doi:10.1177/0193841X08315175
  • Fisher C. B. (2003). Adolescent and parent perspectives on ethical issues in youth drug use and suicide survey research. Ethics & Behavior, 13(4), 303–332. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327019EB1304_1
  • Guyll, M., Spoth, R. ve Redmond, C. (2003). The effects of incentives and research requirements on participation rates for a community-based preventive intervention research study. Journal of Primary Prevention, 24(1), 25-41.
  • Ji, P. Y., Pokorny, S. B., & Jason, L. A. (2004). Factors influencing middle and high schools’ active parental consent return rates. Evaluation Review, 28(6), 578-591. Doi:10.1177/0193841X04263917
  • Jones, R. A., Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J., Okely, A. D., Parletta, N., Wolfenden, L., ... ve Waters, E. (2014). School-based obesity prevention interventions: practicalities and considerations. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 8(5), e497-e510. Doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2013.10.004
  • Kristjansson, A. L., Sigfusson, J., Sigfusdottir, I. D. ve Allegrante, J. P. (2013). Data collection procedures for school-based surveys among adolescents: The youth in Europe study. The Journal of School Health, 83(9), 662–667. Doi:10.1111/josh.12079
  • Küçük, A., Dolu, N. ve Erdoğan, H. (2009). İlköğretim öğrencilerinde yaş, cinsiyet ve sosyo-ekonomik seviye farklılıklarının dikkat düzeyine etkileri. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 18-24.
  • Leibson, T. ve Koren, G. (2015). Informed consent in pediatric research. Pediatric Drugs, 17(1), 5-11. Doi: 10.1007/s40272-014-0108-y
  • Manti, S. ve Licari, A. (2018). How to obtain informed consent for research. Breathe, 14(2), 145–152. Doi:10.1183/20734735.001918
  • Mouw, J. M., van Leijenhorst, L., Saab, N., Danel, N.S. ve van den Broek, P. (2017). Contributions of emotion understanding to narrative comprehension in children and adults, European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16(1), 66-81. Doi:10.1080/17405629.2017.1334548
  • Neal, Z., Neal, J. W. ve Piteo, A. (2020). Call me maybe: using incentives and follow-ups to increase principals’ survey response rates. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 13(4), 784-793. Doi:10.1080/19345747.2020.1772423
  • Plummer, B. D., Galla, B. M., Finn, A., Patrick, S. D., Meketon, D., Leonard, J., … ve Duckworth, A. L. (2014). A Behind-the-Scenes Guide to School-Based Research. Mind, Brain and Education, 8(1), 15–20. Doi:10.1111/mbe.12040
  • Rice, S., Winter, S. R., Doherty, S. ve Milner, M. (2017). Advantages and disadvantages of using internet-based survey methods in aviation-related research. Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering, 7(1), 58-65. Doi:10.7771/2159-6670.1160
  • Rix, K. (2014). The practicalities of collecting data in primary schools: Ten top tips. PsyPAG Quarterly, 91, 30-33. http://www.psypag.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/PsyPAG-Quarterly-91.pdf#page=34 adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Smit, F., Zwart, W., Spruit, I., Monshouwer, K. ve van Ameijden, E. (2002) Monitoring substance use in adolescents: School survey or household survey?. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 9(3), 267-274. Doi:10.1080/09687630210129529
  • Soley, G. ve Tahiroğlu, D. (2020). Bebeklik ve çocukluk dönemine odaklanan araştırmacılar için yol haritası: Bilimsel çalışmalar için etik ve pratik öneriler. Erken Çocukluk Çalışmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 260-280. Doi: 10.24130/eccd-jecs.1967202041172
  • Taylor, S. ve Owen, M. (2021). Challenges to school-based physical activity data collection: Reflections from English primary and secondary schools. Health Education Journal, 80(1), 106–118. Doi:10.1177/0017896920959092
  • T. C. İstanbul Valiliği İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü (2021, 30 Temmuz). Uzaktan (Online) Anket Uygulama İzinleri. https://lisansustu.biruni.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Uzaktan-Online-Anket-Uygulama-Izinleri-1.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • T.C. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı [T.C. MEB] (2020). Araştırma Uygulama İzinleri (2020/2 Nolu Genelge). http://mevzuat.meb.gov.tr/dosyalar/2034.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Walker, I., Sigouin, C., Sek, J., Almonte, T., Carruthers, J., Chan, A., … ve Heddle, N. (2004). Comparing hand-held computers and paper diaries for hemophilia home therapy: A randomized trial. Haemophilia, 10, 698-704. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2516.2004.01046.x
  • Wood, S. (2021). Collecting behavioral data online: A brief guide for psychological scientists. https://www.apa.org/science/leadership/students/collecting-behavioral-data adresinden erişilmiştir.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Huri Gül Bayram Gülaçtı 0000-0002-1766-7050

Ayşe Büşra İplikçi 0000-0001-6632-4647

Publication Date December 28, 2021
Submission Date September 3, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 61 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bayram Gülaçtı, H. G., & İplikçi, A. B. (2021). AKADEMİK ARAŞTIRMALARDA OKUL TEMELLİ VERİ TOPLAMA SÜREÇLERİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN YÖNTEMSEL ÖNERİLER. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 61(2), 1199-1221. https://doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2021.61.2.24

Ankara University Journal of the Faculty of Languages and History-Geography

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