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The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 25 - 36, 31.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.457914

Abstract

Transportation is nearly entirely (<99.9) powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs) burning the fossil fuels
like oil and liquefied petroleum gas. However, the world fossil fuels’ reserves are finite, and it is foreseen it will
run out nearly 50 years for oil, 60 years for natural gas, and 80 years for coal. Thus, humankind has rapidly
started to seek new, renewable and clean energy sources for particularly powering the vehicles. In this scope, the
biggest alternative to classic internal combustion engines is undoubtedly electric vehicles (EVs) like in the past.
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in electric vehicles, and over the past decade, there has been
a dramatic increase in EVs production of 1500%. On the other hand, Turkey has failed to keep pace with this
increase, and seen 475 EVs by end of 2017. It is thought Turkish dependence on fossil fuels, and more
greenhouse gas emissions than its undertaken in the Kyoto protocol as a country of signed Kyoto protocol,
Turkey should rapidly turn its route to the electric vehicles to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas
emissions. Additionally, as together with a tendency to electric vehicles, it will be useful tending to renewable
and alternative energy sources for contributing to the countries’ economies depending on decreasing on fossilbased fuels. For this scope, this paper aims not only to compare the electric vehicles and internal combustion
engines but also to give information about the influence over the ecological balance of the world, arising from
these powering methods. Finally, the nuclear energy policy of Turkey was also evaluated as an alternative to the
rapidly increasing electricity consumption of the country in this paper.

References

  • [1] British Petrol. (2018, May 26). [Online]. Available: http://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/energy-economics/energy-outlook-2017/bp-energy-outlook2017.pdf
  • [2] U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, January 18). [Online]. Available: http://www.eia.gov/outlooks/ieo/pdf/0484(2016).pdf
  • [3] British Petrol. (2018, June 18). [Online]. Available: https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-worldenergy/primary-energy
  • [4] B. Sayın, “Biyoyakıt kullanan bir dizel motor için enerji ve ekserji analizi üzerine bir deneysel çalışma,” Yüksek Lisans tezi, Elektrik Mühendisliği Bölümü, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya, Türkiye, 2014.
  • [5] S. Leeb, and G. Strathy. The Coming Economic Collapse: How You Can Thrive When Oil Costs $200 A Barrel, 1st ed., New York, U.S.A: Time Warner Book Group, 2006.
  • [6] M. N. Smith. (2018, January 22). [Online]. Available: http://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/04/the-number-of-cars-worldwide-is-set-to-double-by-2040.
  • [7] U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, March 12). [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/GlobalEVOutlook2017.pdf
  • [8] T. Harighi, R. Bayindir, S. Padmanaban, L. Mihet-Popa, and E. Hossain, “An overview of energy scenarios, storage systems and the infrastructure for vehicle-to-grid technology,” Energies,vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 2174, 2018.
  • [9] E. Gören, “Hibrit ve elektrikli araçlar ile toplu ulaşımda enerji verimliliği,” National Energy Efficiency Forum, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2011, ss. 28-32.
  • [10] Ü. Ağbulut and S. Sarıdemir, “A general view to converting fossil fuels to cleaner energy source by adding nanoparticles”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, (just-accepted), DOI: 10.1080/01430750.2018.1563822.
  • [11] Ü. Ağbulut, S. Sarıdemir and G. Durucan, “The Impacts of Ethanol - Gasoline Blended Fuels on the Pollutant Emissions and Performance of a Spark -Ignition Engine: An Empirical Study,” International Journal of Analytical, Experimental and Finite Element Analysis (IJAEFEA), vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 50-59, 2018.
  • [12] S. Sarıdemir, “The effect of dwell angle on vibration characteristics of camshaft bearing housings,” Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 3571-3577, 2013.
  • [13] M. Karagöz, S. Sarıdemir, E. Deniz and B. Çiftçi, “The effect of the CO2 ratio in biogas on the vibration and performance of a spark ignited engine,” Fuel, vol. 214, pp. 634-639, 2018.
  • [14] S. Sarıdemir and M. Tekin, “Kanola yağı metil esteri ve dizel yakıt karışımlarının tek silindirli dizel bir motorun performans ve gürültü emisyonlarına etkisi stics of camshaft bearing housings,” Politeknik Dergisi, c. 19, s. 1, ss. 53-59, 2016.
  • [15] M. Mayda, N. Gültekin, Z. Özçelik and B. Çırak, “The effect of use of air conditioner on engine vibration in gasoline car engines,” International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 182-185, 2017.
  • [16] S. Sarıdemir and T. Ergin, “Performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine with methanol blended gasoline fuels,” Energ. Educ. Sci. Tech.-A, vol. 29, pp. 1343-1354, 2012.
  • [17] Anonymous. (2018, August 11). [Online]. Available: http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/haber/turkiye-deki-elektrikli-otomobil-sayisi
  • [18] U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, April 21). [Online]. Available: https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis.php?iso=TUR
  • [19] Anonymous. (2018, July 17). [Online]. Available: http://www.enerji.gov.tr/enUS/Pages/Electricity.
  • [20] International Energy Agency. (2018, August 24). [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/topics/nuclear/
  • [21] International Energy Agency. (2018, July 19). [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2017.pdf
  • [22] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2018, June 28). [Online]. Available: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data
  • [23] Anonymous. (2018, June 27). [Online]. Available: https://knoema.com/atlas/Turkey/CO2 -emissions-per-capita

İçten Yanmalı Motorlar Yerine Elektrikli Araçlara Yönelmenin Ekonomik ve Ekolojik Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 25 - 36, 31.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.457914

Abstract

Ulaşım neredeyse tamamen (<99.9) petrol ve sıvılaştırılmış petrol gazı (LPG) gibi fosil yakıtları kullanan içten
yanmalı motorlar (IYM) tarafından sağlanmaktadır. Ancak, dünya fosil yakıtlarının rezervleri sınırlıdır, petrol için yaklaşık 50, doğalgaz için 60 ve kömür için 80 yıllık bir ömür öngörülmektedir. Bu yüzden insanoğlu,
özellikle araçların tahrik edilebilmesi için yeni, yenilenebilir ve temiz enerji kaynakları arayışına başlamıştır. Bu
kapsamda, klasik içten yanmalı motorlara en büyük alternatif, geçmişte de olduğu gibi şüphesiz elektrikli
araçlardır (EA). Son yıllarda elektrikli araçlara olan ilgi giderek yükselmiş ve geçtiğimiz on yılda elektrikli araç
üretiminde % 1500'lük çarpıcı bir artış gerçekleşmiştir. Öte yandan, Türkiye bu artışa ayak uyduramamış ve
2017 yılı sonuna kadar ülkede yalnızca 475 elektrikli araca rastlanmıştır. Türkiye’nin fosil kökenli yakıtlara olan
bağımlılığı ve Kyoto protokolüne imza atmış bir ülke olarak bu protokolde taahhüt ettiğinden daha çok sera gazı
emisyonuna sebep olduğu düşünüldüğünde, fosil yakıt tüketimini ve sera gazı emisyonunu azaltmak için rotasını
hızlıca elektrikli araçlara çevirmesi uygun olacaktır. Ayrıca, elektrikli araçlara yönelmeyle birlikte fosil yakıt
tüketimindeki azalmayı destekleyici olarak yenilenebilir ve alternatif enerji kaynaklarına özellikle de nükleer
enerjiye yönelmenin ülke ekonomisine de katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu kapsamda, bu çalışma sadece
elektrikli araçları ve içten yanmalı motorları karşılaştırmakla kalmamış, aynı zamanda araçların tahrik
yöntemlerinden kaynaklanan, dünyanın ekolojik dengesi üzerindeki etkiler hakkında da bilgi vermeyi
amaçlamıştır. Son olarak, çalışmada; hızla artış gösteren elektrik enerjisi tüketimine karşı bir alternatif olarak
ülkenin nükleer enerji politikasına da değinilmiştir.

References

  • [1] British Petrol. (2018, May 26). [Online]. Available: http://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/energy-economics/energy-outlook-2017/bp-energy-outlook2017.pdf
  • [2] U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, January 18). [Online]. Available: http://www.eia.gov/outlooks/ieo/pdf/0484(2016).pdf
  • [3] British Petrol. (2018, June 18). [Online]. Available: https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-worldenergy/primary-energy
  • [4] B. Sayın, “Biyoyakıt kullanan bir dizel motor için enerji ve ekserji analizi üzerine bir deneysel çalışma,” Yüksek Lisans tezi, Elektrik Mühendisliği Bölümü, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya, Türkiye, 2014.
  • [5] S. Leeb, and G. Strathy. The Coming Economic Collapse: How You Can Thrive When Oil Costs $200 A Barrel, 1st ed., New York, U.S.A: Time Warner Book Group, 2006.
  • [6] M. N. Smith. (2018, January 22). [Online]. Available: http://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/04/the-number-of-cars-worldwide-is-set-to-double-by-2040.
  • [7] U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, March 12). [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/GlobalEVOutlook2017.pdf
  • [8] T. Harighi, R. Bayindir, S. Padmanaban, L. Mihet-Popa, and E. Hossain, “An overview of energy scenarios, storage systems and the infrastructure for vehicle-to-grid technology,” Energies,vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 2174, 2018.
  • [9] E. Gören, “Hibrit ve elektrikli araçlar ile toplu ulaşımda enerji verimliliği,” National Energy Efficiency Forum, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2011, ss. 28-32.
  • [10] Ü. Ağbulut and S. Sarıdemir, “A general view to converting fossil fuels to cleaner energy source by adding nanoparticles”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, (just-accepted), DOI: 10.1080/01430750.2018.1563822.
  • [11] Ü. Ağbulut, S. Sarıdemir and G. Durucan, “The Impacts of Ethanol - Gasoline Blended Fuels on the Pollutant Emissions and Performance of a Spark -Ignition Engine: An Empirical Study,” International Journal of Analytical, Experimental and Finite Element Analysis (IJAEFEA), vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 50-59, 2018.
  • [12] S. Sarıdemir, “The effect of dwell angle on vibration characteristics of camshaft bearing housings,” Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 3571-3577, 2013.
  • [13] M. Karagöz, S. Sarıdemir, E. Deniz and B. Çiftçi, “The effect of the CO2 ratio in biogas on the vibration and performance of a spark ignited engine,” Fuel, vol. 214, pp. 634-639, 2018.
  • [14] S. Sarıdemir and M. Tekin, “Kanola yağı metil esteri ve dizel yakıt karışımlarının tek silindirli dizel bir motorun performans ve gürültü emisyonlarına etkisi stics of camshaft bearing housings,” Politeknik Dergisi, c. 19, s. 1, ss. 53-59, 2016.
  • [15] M. Mayda, N. Gültekin, Z. Özçelik and B. Çırak, “The effect of use of air conditioner on engine vibration in gasoline car engines,” International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 182-185, 2017.
  • [16] S. Sarıdemir and T. Ergin, “Performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine with methanol blended gasoline fuels,” Energ. Educ. Sci. Tech.-A, vol. 29, pp. 1343-1354, 2012.
  • [17] Anonymous. (2018, August 11). [Online]. Available: http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/haber/turkiye-deki-elektrikli-otomobil-sayisi
  • [18] U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, April 21). [Online]. Available: https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis.php?iso=TUR
  • [19] Anonymous. (2018, July 17). [Online]. Available: http://www.enerji.gov.tr/enUS/Pages/Electricity.
  • [20] International Energy Agency. (2018, August 24). [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/topics/nuclear/
  • [21] International Energy Agency. (2018, July 19). [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2017.pdf
  • [22] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2018, June 28). [Online]. Available: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data
  • [23] Anonymous. (2018, June 27). [Online]. Available: https://knoema.com/atlas/Turkey/CO2 -emissions-per-capita
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ümit Ağbulut 0000-0002-6635-6494

Hüseyin Bakır 0000-0001-5473-5158

Publication Date January 31, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ağbulut, Ü., & Bakır, H. (2019). The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 7(1), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.457914
AMA Ağbulut Ü, Bakır H. The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines. DUBİTED. January 2019;7(1):25-36. doi:10.29130/dubited.457914
Chicago Ağbulut, Ümit, and Hüseyin Bakır. “The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 7, no. 1 (January 2019): 25-36. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.457914.
EndNote Ağbulut Ü, Bakır H (January 1, 2019) The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 7 1 25–36.
IEEE Ü. Ağbulut and H. Bakır, “The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines”, DUBİTED, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 25–36, 2019, doi: 10.29130/dubited.457914.
ISNAD Ağbulut, Ümit - Bakır, Hüseyin. “The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 7/1 (January 2019), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.457914.
JAMA Ağbulut Ü, Bakır H. The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines. DUBİTED. 2019;7:25–36.
MLA Ağbulut, Ümit and Hüseyin Bakır. “The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, 2019, pp. 25-36, doi:10.29130/dubited.457914.
Vancouver Ağbulut Ü, Bakır H. The Investigation on Economic and Ecological Impacts of Tendency to Electric Vehicles Instead of Internal Combustion Engines. DUBİTED. 2019;7(1):25-36.

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