The Effect of Local Soil Conditions and Earthquake Zones on the Performance of High-Rise RC Buildings

Abstract

The rise in population density has accelerated urbanization, making reinforced concrete multi-story buildings a widely preferred choice for construction globally. The capacity of these structures to withstand dynamic loads depends on both their structural characteristics and non-structural factors, such as local soil conditions and earthquake levels. This article examines the performance of reinforced concrete multi-storey structures concerning the effects of different local soil conditions and earthquake zones. These effects are analyzed in the context of target displacements used to determine the earthquake performance of structures. For this purpose, structural analyses were conducted separately, considering four local soil classes and four earthquake levels on a selected 12-storey reinforced concrete structure model. In addition to ground-related damages, the study examines damages to multi-storey reinforced concrete structures in light of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. The study compares the target displacements obtained for various local soil conditions, earthquake levels, and earthquake exceedance probabilities and offers recommendations based on the findings. As the maximum ground acceleration increases and local ground conditions weaken, the target displacements expected from the structures increase. While the largest target displacements were obtained for Hatay province, the lowest target displacement values were obtained for Adıyaman province.

Keywords

• Earthquake
• multi-storey
• rc
• damage
• local soil
• earthquake zone
• target displacement

Yerel zemin koşullarının ve deprem ivmelerinin betonarme yüksek katlı binaların performansına etkisi

Öz

Artan nüfus yoğunluğu kentleşmeyi hızlandırmış ve dünya genelinde çok katlı betonarme binaların yaygın olarak tercih edilen bir seçenek haline gelmesine neden olmuştur. Bu yapıların dinamik yükleri taşıyabilme kapasitesine sahip olmaları hem yapısal karakteristiklerine hem de yerel zemin koşulları ile deprem düzeyleri gibi yapısal olmayan faktörlere bağlıdır. Bu makale, betonarme çok katlı yapıların performansını, farklı yerel zemin koşulları ve deprem bölgelerinin etkileri açısından incelemektedir. Yapıların deprem performanslarının belirlenmesinde kullanılan hedef yer değiştirmeler bağlamında bu etkiler incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda seçilen 12 katlı betonarme yapı modeli üzerinden dört farklı yerel zemin sınıfı ve dört farklı deprem düzeyi dikkate alınarak yapısal analizler ayrı ayrı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, zemin kaynaklı hasarların yanı sıra çok katlı betonarme yapılarda oluşan hasarlar 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremleri ışığında incelenmiştir. Çalışma ile farklı yerel zemin koşulları ve farklı deprem düzeylerinin yanı sıra farklı deprem aşılma olasılıkları için elde edilen hedef yer değiştirmeler karşılaştırılarak öneriler yapılmıştır. Maksimum yer ivmesi arttıkça ve yerel zemin koşulları zayıfladıkça yapılardan beklenen hedef yer değiştirmeler artmaktadır. Hatay ili için en büyük hedef yer değiştirme değerleri elde edilirken, Adıyaman ilinde ise en küçük hedef yer değiştirme değerleri elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deprem
• çok katlı
• betonarme
• hasar
• yerel zemin
• deprem bölgesi
• hedef yer değiştirme

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