AN OVERVIEW OF SOLUTION-FOCUSED BRIEF COUNSELING FROM POST-MODERN APPROACHES

Abstract

The solution-focused brief psychological counseling, one of the post-modern approaches, emerged in the United States in the 1980s as a result of a long-term study led by Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg. This approach focuses on solutions rather than problems and the present rather than the past. It draws attention as an effective psychological counseling approach, which gives importance to one's own strengths and resources, strengths, achievements and small changes, and with such important features of its own. In addition, the number of sessions in the solution-focused brief psychological counseling approach usually varies between 4-6. Each client is seen as an expert in their own life. It is of great importance to use a solution-focused language and to be collaborative. In this context, the aim of this article is to provide an overview of the solution-focused brief psychological counseling approach, to give information about this approach, and to examine the effectiveness of the approach. Based on this purpose, the historical process, basic philosophy, content, principles, therapeutic process, counselor-client relationship, the techniques used and the ending order are explained in the solution-focused brief psychological counseling approach. The effectiveness of the approach was discussed with the literature review.

Keywords

• Psychological counseling
• Post-modern approaches
• Solution-focused brief psychological counseling

POST-MODERN YAKLAŞIMLARDAN ÇÖZÜM ODAKLI KISA SÜRELİ PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMAYA GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Öz

Post-modern yaklaşımlardan çözüm odaklı kısa süreli psikolojik danışma 1980’li yıllarda Steve de Shazer ve Insoo Kim Berg’in öncülüğünde uzun süreli bir çalışma sonucunda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu yaklaşım problemlerden ziyade çözümlere, geçmişten ziyade şu ana odaklanmaktadır. Kişinin kendi güç ve kaynaklarına, güçlü taraflarına, başarılarına ve küçük değişimlerine önem veren ve kendine ait bu tür önemli özellikleri ile etkili bir psikolojik danışma yaklaşımı olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bunun yanında çözüm odaklı kısa süreli psikolojik danışma yaklaşımda oturum sayısı çoğunlukla 4-6 arasında değişmektedir. Her bir danışan kendi hayatının uzmanı olarak görülmektedir. Çözüm odaklı bir dil kullanmak ve işbirlikçi olmak büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu makalede amaç, çözüm odaklı kısa süreli psikolojik danışma yaklaşımına ilişkin genel bir bakış açısı sağlamak, bu yaklaşıma yönelik bilgi vermek ve yaklaşımın etkililiklerini incelemektir. Bu amaca dayalı olarak, çözüm odaklı kısa süreli psikolojik danışma yaklaşımında tarihsel süreç, temel felsefe, içerik, ilkeler, terapötik süreç, psikolojik danışman-danışan ilişkisi, kullanılan teknikler ve sonlandırma sırası ile açıklanmıştır. Alan yazın taraması ile yaklaşımın etkililikleri üzerinde tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psikolojik danışma
• Post-modern yaklaşımlar
• Çözüm odaklı kısa süreli psikolojik danışma

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