Investigation of the Effects of Topical Centarium Erythraea in Full-Thickness Skin Wounds in Diabetic Rabbits

Abstract

Centarium erythraea, a species of flowering plant in the Gentianaceae family, is a plant commonly used in the wound treatment. This study aims to investigate the effect of Centarium erythraea in enhancing healing process in full-thickness skin wounds in diabetic rabbits. A total of 28 young (6 months and body weight of 2.5-3 kg) female New Zealand rabbits were used. Diabetes mellitus was created by injection of alloxan monohydrate. After 15 days following diabetes induction, the surgical operation was applied under general anesthesia and two full-thickness 2.6 x 2.6 cm wounds were created that were equidistant from the dorsal median line. A total of four groups were formed with 7 rabbits in each group. For wounds, on a daily basis, oily homogenized form of Centarium erythraea was administered in Group 1, while pomade form of the titrated extract of Centella asiatica in Group 2, pure olive oil in Group 3 and normal saline was applied in Group 4. Wound edges were measured on the 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24th days, furthermore, histopathological and genetic examinations were performed on tissue samples taken on the same days. Examining the wound diameters, healing rates in the Group 1 and Group 2 were found statistically significant compared to Group 3 and Group 4 (p<0,05). In histopathological examinations, it was noted that connective tissue increase, collagen proliferation and epitelogenesis were significant in Groups 1 and 2 compared to Groups 3 and 4 (p<0.05). Inflammatory cell infiltrations, hyperemia and necrosis in Groups 3 and Group 4 were observed with a high intensity compared to Groups 1 and Group 2 (p<0.05). IL-6, IL-8 and CXCR1 gene expressions were observed to be low in all diabetic groups. Although the expression values were low in groups 1 and 2, it was found that there was a significant difference in the expression amounts of the target genes on the 4 and 8 days compared to other groups (p <0.05). As a result, when the healing rate in the full-thickness skin wounds in the diabetic rabbits is examined at the level of wound diameters, histopathology and gene expression, it occurred in order of Group 2, Group 1, Group 3 and Group 4. Oily homogenized form of Centarium erythraea was found to have a positive effect in full-thickness wound healing of diabetic rabbits.

Keywords

• Centarium erythraea,Centella asiatica,gene expression,rabbit,wound healing

Diyabetik Tavşanların Tam Katlı Deri Yaralarında Topikal Centarium Erythraea’nın Etkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Gentianaceae ailesine ait olan Centarium erythraea yara tedavisinde halk arasında sık kullanılan bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Centarium erythraea’nın diyabet oluşturulmuş tavşanların tam katlı deri yaralarında yara iyileşmesi üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışmada 6 aylık yaşta, dişi, ortalama ağırlığı 2.5-3 kg olan 28 adet Yeni Zelanda tavşanına alloksan monohidrat enjeksiyonlarıyla diyabet oluşturuldu. Diyabet indüksiyonundan 15 gün sonra genel anestezi altında cerrahi işlem uygulanarak dorsal median hattan eşit uzaklıkta iki adet 2,6 x 2.6 cm çapında tam katlı deri yaraları oluşturuldu. Tavşanlar her grupta 7 tavşan olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrıldı. Yaralara günlük olarak Grup 1 Centarium erythraea’nın yağlı homojenize formu, Grup 2 Centella asiatica’nın titre edilmiş ekstraktının pomat formu, Grup 3 saf zeytinyağı ve Grup 4 serum fizyolojik uygulandı. Yara sınırları 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 ve 24. günlerde ölçülürken aynı günlerde alınan doku örneklerinde histopatolojik ve genetik incelemeler yapıldı. Çalışma sonunda yara çapları incelendiğinde Grup 1 ve Grup 2’de yara iyileşme hızı Grup 3 ve Grup 4’e oranla istatistiksel olarak önemli bulundu (p<0,05). Histopatolojik incelemelerde, bağ doku artışı kollajen proliferasyonu ve epitelogenezisin Grup 1 ve 2’de Grup 3 ve 4’e oranla belirgin olduğu gözlendi (p<0,05). Grup 3 ve 4’de yangısal hücre infiltrasyonları, hiperemi ve nekrozun Grup 1 ve 2’ye göre şiddetli yoğunlukta gözlendi (p<0.05). IL-6, IL-8 ve CXCR1 gen ekspresyonlarının tüm diabetli gruplarda düşük olduğu gözlendi. Grup 1 ve 2’de ekspresyon değerleri düşük olmasına rağmen 4 ve 8. günlerde diğer gruplara göre hedef genlerin ekspresyon miktarlarında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak diyabetli tavşanların tam katlı deri yaralarında iyileşme hızı yara çapları, histopatoloji ve gen ekspresyon düzeyinde incelendiğinde Grup 2, Grup 1, Grup 3 ve Grup 4 sırasıyla gerçekleşti. Centarium erythraea’nın yağlı homojenize formunun diyabetik tavşanların tam katlı deri yaralarında yara iyileşmesine olumlu etkisinin olduğu görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Centarium erythraea,Centella asiatica,gen ekspresyonu,tavşan,yara iyileşmesi

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