Süt Sığırlarında Tırnak Kesimi: Ayak Sağlığı ve Topallığa Etkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 148 - 153, 31.12.2021

Celal İzci Kadir Sulu

https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.927101

Abstract

Tırnak kesimi sığırlarda topallıkların önlenmesinde önemli bir uygulamadır. Bu uygulama; laktasyondaki ineklerde tırnak lezyonu ve topallık oluşumunu azalttığı gibi, ilk doğumunu yapacak düvelerde de boynuz tırnak lezyonlarına karşı koruyucu bir etki sağlar. Ayak ve tırnak sağlığının sürekliliği, düzenli ve doğru yapılan tırnak kesimi ile mümkündür. Bu bağlamada, etkili tırnak kesiminin yapıldığı çiftliklerde topallıkların %25 azaldığı, uygun zamanda yapılan tırnak kesiminin topallık insidansını %50 azalttığı bildirilmiştir. Düzenli ve doğru yapılan tırnak kesimi iki önemli fayda sağlar. Birincisi; topallığa neden olabilecek lezyonlar erken safhada belirlenmiş olur. İkincisi; her bir tırnağın kendi içinde ve iki tırnak arasındaki yük dağılım dengesini sağlar ve böylece lezyon oluşumunu önler. Hatalı tırnak kesimi dünyada ve ülkemizde süt sığırlarında topallığa neden olan en önemli faktörlerden birisidir. Tırnak kesimi normal bir tırnağın morfolojik ve biçimsel özellikleri dikkate alınarak yapılır. Tırnaklarda uzamaya bağlı oluşan biçimsel değişiklikler her tırnak ve hayvan için özeldir. Uzamış ve biçimsel değişikliğe uğramış tırnak normal özelliklerinin birçoğunu kaybeder. Bu nedenle tırnak kesimi alışılagelenin aksine mutlaka bu konuda eğitim almış profesyonel kişiler tarafından yapılmalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı, sığırlarda uygulanan tırnak kesim yöntemleri ve bu yöntemlerin ayak sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir.

Keywords

İnek, tırnak kesimi, tırnak sağlığı, topallık

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