Research Article

Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes

Volume: 13 Number: 2 May 3, 2026
EN TR

Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes

Abstract

This study conducts a systematic comparative analysis of nine principal international seismic codes, focusing on their provisions for non-structural elements and their adequacy for protecting museum artifacts housed within buildings. While these standards share a consistent force-based framework for general non-structural components, they rarely address the distinct vulnerabilities of museum objects, such as low fragility thresholds, irreplaceability, and conservation constraints that often prohibit invasive anchoring. The results indicate that, although fundamental parameters (e.g., component weight and spectral acceleration) are universally included, advanced modifying factors, such as response reduction, resonance, and strength-related terms, are incorporated in only a limited number of codes, with overall parameter coverage ranging from 4 to 11. Even in the most parameter-rich formulations, the added complexity primarily refines inertial force scaling rather than governing artifact-specific stability mechanisms, including sliding, rocking, and overturning. The findings demonstrate that current seismic codes provide limited reliability for protecting museum objects when applied without adaptation. This research highlights the need for mechanism-aware extensions to existing code frameworks. It provides a foundation for the development of museum-specific seismic provisions to safeguard irreplaceable cultural heritage from earthquake hazards.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Risk Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

May 3, 2026

Submission Date

September 20, 2025

Acceptance Date

April 8, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 13 Number: 2

APA
Tarmigh, A., Dabanlı, Ö., & Pakdamar, F. (2026). Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes. El-Cezeri, 13(2), 301-312. https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.1788100
AMA
1.Tarmigh A, Dabanlı Ö, Pakdamar F. Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes. El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering. 2026;13(2):301-312. doi:10.31202/ecjse.1788100
Chicago
Tarmigh, Ali, Ömer Dabanlı, and Ferhat Pakdamar. 2026. “Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes”. El-Cezeri 13 (2): 301-12. https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.1788100.
EndNote
Tarmigh A, Dabanlı Ö, Pakdamar F (May 1, 2026) Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes. El-Cezeri 13 2 301–312.
IEEE
[1]A. Tarmigh, Ö. Dabanlı, and F. Pakdamar, “Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 301–312, May 2026, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.1788100.
ISNAD
Tarmigh, Ali - Dabanlı, Ömer - Pakdamar, Ferhat. “Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes”. El-Cezeri 13/2 (May 1, 2026): 301-312. https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.1788100.
JAMA
1.Tarmigh A, Dabanlı Ö, Pakdamar F. Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes. El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering. 2026;13:301–312.
MLA
Tarmigh, Ali, et al. “Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes”. El-Cezeri, vol. 13, no. 2, May 2026, pp. 301-12, doi:10.31202/ecjse.1788100.
Vancouver
1.Ali Tarmigh, Ömer Dabanlı, Ferhat Pakdamar. Seismic Protection of Museum Objects: Comparative Analysis of International Seismic Codes. El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering. 2026 May 1;13(2):301-12. doi:10.31202/ecjse.1788100
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