Araç Fren Sistemlerinin Isıl Performansının Parametrik Olarak İncelenmesi

Abstract

Araçlarda yapılan ani fren sonucunda disk balata sistemlerinde ısınma ortaya çıkmaktadır. Özellikle yüksek sıcaklıklara ulaşıldığı zaman balata malzemesinde aşınma meydana gelebilir. Bu durum fren performansını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, disk balata sistemi Comsol programında üç boyutlu olarak modellenmiş ve zamana bağlı nümerik simülasyonlar yapılmıştır. Ani fren yapıldığı andaki disk balata ısınma süreci farklı araç hızları için (80, 100 ve 120 km/h) incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda farklı disk malzemelerinin (dökme demir, paslanmaz çelik, karbon-karbon kompoziti) frenleme sürecindeki sıcaklık artışı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte araç ağırlığının fren sistemi üzerindeki etkisi olup olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak disk ve balata arasındaki sürtünme katsayısının ısınma sürecine etkisi nümerik olarak incelenmiştir. 

Keywords

• Disk Fren Sistemi,Termal Analiz,Sıcaklık Dağılımı,Comsol

Parametric Investigation on Thermal Performance of Vehicle Brake Systems

Abstract

As a result of the sudden brake in vehicles, heating is occurred in the disc brake systems. Especially, when high temperatures are reached, corrosion may occur in the brake pad. This situation affects the brake performance negatively. In this study, disc brake system was built three-dimensionally in Comsol program and time dependent numerical simulations were made. Disc brake heating when sudden braking is applied was investigated for different vehicle velocities (80, 100 and 120 km/h). At the same time, the temperature increase during the braking process was determined for different disk materials (cast iron, stainless steel, carbon-carbon composites). Also, it has been determined whether the vehicle weight is an effect on the brake system. Finally, the effect of friction coefficient between disc and pad on the heating process was investigated numerically. 

Keywords

• Disc Brake System,Thermal Analysis,Temperature Distribution,Comsol

References

1. [1] Reinsch, E.W., “Sintered Metal Brake Linings For Automotive Applications, Delco-Moraine Division”, General motors corp dayton, Ohio, cilt 2 sayfa 9-21, 1970.
2. [2] Sands, R.L., “Sintered Friction Materials”, Powder metallurgy practice and application, George Newnes Ltd, London, cilt 9, sayfa 198-203 1966.
3. [3] Comsol Multiphysics 5.3. Heat Transfer Model Library, Heat Transfer Module User’s Guide, 2000.
4. [4] Paustenbach, D., Finley, B.L., Lu, E.T., Brorby, G.P., Sheehan, P.J., “Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards Associated with The Presence of Asbestos in Brake Linings And Pads (1900 To Present): A State-Of-The-Art Review”. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 7:33–110, 2004.
5. [5] Ulaştırma denizcilik ve haberleşme bakanlığı, Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü, Durma ve intikal süreleri, http://www.kgm.gov.tr/sayfalar/kgm/sitetr/trafik/durmaintikal.aspx.
6. [6] Chand, N., Hashmi, S.A.R., Lomash, S. and Naik, A., “Development of Asbestos Free Brake Pad”, IE (I) Journal MC, Vol 85, April 2004.
7. [7] Aleksendric, D., Duboka, C., “Fade Performance Prediction of Automotive Friction Materials by Means of Artificial Neural Networks”, Wear, No 262, 778-790, 2007.
8. [8] Floquet, A., Dubourg, M.C., “Non axis symmetric effects for three dimensional Analyses of a Brake”, ASME J. Tribology, vol. 116, page 401-407, 1994.

9. [9] Jang, H., Ko, K., Kim, S.J., Basch, R.H., Fash, J.W. “The Effect of Metal Fibers on The Friction Performance of Automotive Brake Friction Materials”, Wear, 256(3-4), 406-414, 2004.
10. [10] Adamowicz, A, Grzes, P., “Three-Dimensional FE Model For Calculation of Temperature of A Thermosensitive Disk”, Applied Thermal Engineering 50, 572-581, 2013.
11. [11] Erdem, M., Altıparmak, D., “Fren Disk Sıcaklığının Frenleme Performansına Etkisi”, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, Cilt 29, No 2, 425-432, 2014.
12. [12] Hwang, J.H., Kim, H.S., Choi, Y., Kim, B.S., Kang, K.W.,“The Thermal Analysis of Brake Disk with 3-D Coupled Analysis” Key Engineering Materials Vols. 297-300, pp 305-310, 2005.
13. [13] Valvano, T., Lee, K., “An Analytical Method to Predict Thermal Distortion of a Brake Rotor”, SAE 2000-01-0445 World Congress Detroit, Michigan March 6-9,vol. 109, pp. 566-571, 2000.
14. [14] Mosleh, M, Blau, P.J., Dumitrescu, D., “Characteristics and Morphology of Wear Particles from Laboratory Testing of Disk Brake Materials”, Wear 352, 114-120, 2003.
15. [15] Parab, V., Naik, Kunal., and Dhale, A.D. “Structural and Thermal Analysis of Brake Disk”, International Journal of Engineering Development and Research, Volume 2, Issue 2, 2014.
16. [16] Turkan, B., Canbolat, A.S., Can, M., Etemoğlu, A.B. “Numerical Investigation Into The Temperature Distribution On The Disk Brake System”, The Journal of MacroTrends in Technology and Innovation, Volume 3, Issue 1, p.8-20, 2016.