Meta-Sezgisel Yöntemlerle Sabit Zamanlı Sinyalize Kavşaklar için Optimum Devre Süresi Modeli

Abstract

Son zamanlarda artan nüfus ve ekonomideki büyüme trafikteki araç kullanımını arttırmakta ve buna bağlı olarak da kavşaklarda kapasite yetersizliklerine neden olmaktadır. Kavşaklarda meydana gelen fazla zaman kayıplarından dolayı gecikme, yakıt tüketimi, emisyon salınımı artarken sürücü davranışları da olumsuzluk etkilenmektedir. Optimum devre süresinin doğru tespiti ve sinyal sürelerinin düzenlenmesi ile bu sorunların minimuma indirilebilmesi mümkün olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Yapay Arı Kolonisi Algoritması kullanılarak optimum devre süresi modelleri geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca en düşük gecikmeye sahip olan devre sürelerinin belirlenmesinde Diferansiyel Gelişim Algoritmasından yararlanılmıştır. Kalibre edilen Webster modeline ilave olarak üstel ve kuadratik formda modeller geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen bütün modeller Webster modelinden istatistiksel olarak daha iyi performansa sahip olurken, en iyi performansı da üstel model vermiştir. Bu modeller özellikle yüksek trafik hacmine sahip trafik durumlarında yetersiz kalan Webster modelinin eksikliğini kapatarak alternatif olarak kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.  

Keywords

• Optimum devre süresi,Webster modeli,Yapay Arı Kolonisi Algoritması

Optimum Cycle Length Model for Fixed-Time Signalized Intersections with Meta-Heuristic Methods

Abstract

Recently, growth in population and economy has increased the use of vehicles on highways. Depending on this, the capacity of intersections becomes increasingly insufficient. Due to inefficient operation of intersections, the delay, fuel consumption, and emission release increase, and also the driver behaviors are negatively affected. It is possible to minimize these problems by correctly determination of optimum cycle length and adjustment of signal times. In this study, optimum cycle length models have been developed using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC). In addition, Differential Evolution Algorithm (DE) has been used to determine the cycle length which has the minimum delay. In addition to the Calibrated Webster model, exponential and quadratic forms have been developed. All developed models have statistically better performance than the Webster model and also exponential model has illustrated the best performance. It has been seen that these models can be used as an alternative estimating cycle length model by overcoming the deficiency of Webster model which is insufficient especially in high traffic volumes.

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